IRE1α-XBP1 safeguards hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by restricting pro-leukemogenic gene programs.

Hematopoietic stem cells must mitigate myriad stressors throughout their lifetime to ensure normal blood cell generation. Here, we uncover unfolded protein response stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) signaling in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) as a safeguard against myeloid leukemogenesis. Activated in part by an NADPH oxidase-2 mechanism, IRE1α-induced X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1) mediated repression of pro-leukemogenic programs exemplified by the Wnt-β-catenin pathway.

Simultaneous determination of twelve microcystins in algal supplements on the Chinese market and possible risks to exposed populations.

Algae supplements are widely recognized for their nutritional benefits and are commonly marketed as natural health products. However, concerns regarding contamination with cyanobacterial toxins have been raised. Moreover, there is very little data regarding the potential contamination of algal supplements on the Chinese market by these toxins.

Adjustment of the GRACE Score and SHAP Analysis in STEMI Patients.

Background: The GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) risk score is a well-established tool for predicting major cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, its application in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) requires refinement to enhance its predictive accuracy in clinical settings.

Methods: In this study, we conducted a retrospective analysis of the incidence of out-of-hospital all-cause death (ACD), calculated the correlation and significance of the GRACE score indicators with ACD, and reduced the scores corresponding to insignificant and low-correlation indicators to adjust the scores for survive patients.

Patient-Derived Xenografts of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Enable Deconvolution and Prediction of Chemotherapy Responses.

Combination chemotherapy remains essential for clinical management of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Consequently, responses to individual agents cannot be easily delineated at the single patient level, even though some patients might not require all drugs in the combination. Herein, we conduct multi-omic analyses of orthotopic TNBC patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) treated with single agent carboplatin, docetaxel, or the combination.

Enhanced physicochemical properties and riboflavin delivery ability of soy isolate protein/sugar beet pectin composite freeze-dried gels prepared by double crosslinking strategy.

Improving the mechanical strength of protein freeze-dried gels materials has become a research priority in the field of nutrient delivery system development in recent years. In this study, double crosslinking freeze-dried gels were prepared by integrating laccase catalyzed sugar beet pectin (SBP) as a highly active filler molecule into the soybean isolate protein (SPI) thermally induced gel network, followed by freeze-drying. The double crosslinking freeze-dried gels were a porous material and the addition of SBP resulted in the formation of amorphous forms of freeze-dried gels with lower binding energy.

A glutenin protein corona ameliorated TiO nanoparticle-induced gut barrier dysfunction and altered the gut microbiota composition.

Previously, we found that glutenin proteins formed a protein corona around food-grade titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles. The protein corona would alter the gastrointestinal behavior and biological activity of the nanoparticles. Here, in this study, the influence of protein corona formation on the adverse effects of TiO nanoparticles on gut barrier function using and assays and the potential mechanism were investigated and elucidated.

Global incidence and risk factors for glaucoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Background: This study aims to estimate global incidence and assess risk factors for glaucoma subtypes.

Methods: The literature search was performed in three English (PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE) and three Chinese (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database) databases to identify prospective studies on glaucoma incidence between 1 January 1990 and 29 November 2022. We used a multilevel mixed-effects meta-regression to estimate the age- and sex-specific incidence rate of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Artemisinin and salinomycin co-loaded nanozymes to boost cascade ROS accumulation for augmented tumor ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, which depends on iron ions to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), has been proved to be an effective strategy for cancer therapy. However, cells will initiate different programs, including reducing iron uptake and storing excess iron in ferritin, to lower the intracellular iron concentration. In this work, we reported a simple, one-pot method to synthesize bovine serum albumin stabilized MnFeO nanoparticles (MnFeO@BSA NPs) for ferroptosis therapy of cancer.

FOXA2 inhibits the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and alleviates inflammatory activation of macrophages in rheumatoid arthritis by repressing LY96 transcription.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains a devastating autoimmune disease characterized by joint damage, inflammation, and disability. This study investigates the function of lymphocyte antigen 96 (LY96) in the inflammatory response in RA and explores its regulatory mechanism.

Methods: A mouse model of RA was developed using type II collagen, and the LY96 expression in the ankle joint tissue was determined.

Toward Ultrathin: Advances in Solution-Processed Organic Semiconductor Transistors.

In recent years, organic semiconductor (OSC) ultrathin films and their solution-processed organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) have garnered attention for their high flexibility, light weight, solution processability, and tunable optoelectronic properties. These features make them promising candidates for next-generation optoelectronic applications. An ultrathin film typically refers to a film thickness of less than 10 nm, i.

[Temporal trend of the global prevalence rate of tension-type headache in children and adolescents in 1990-2021].

Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of tension-type headache (TTH) in children and adolescents aged 0-19 years globally in 1990-2021, and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of TTH.

Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease Study data, the age-standardized prevalence distribution of TTH and its changing trend were analyzed among the children and adolescents aged 0-19 years, with different sexes, age groups, sociodemographic index (SDI) regions and countries/territories.

Results: The age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of TTH in children and adolescents aged 0-19 globally in 2021 was 17 339.

Coupling Habitat Radiomic Analysis with the Diversification of the Tumor ecosystem: Illuminating New Strategy in the Assessment of Postoperative Recurrence of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Rationale And Objectives: Non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is highly recurrent, with each recurrence potentially progressing to muscle-invasive cancer, affecting patient prognosis. Intratumoral heterogeneity plays a crucial role in NMIBC recurrence. This study investigated a novel habitat-based radiomic analysis for stratifying NMIBC recurrence risk.

Pre-Corrosion of Zinc Metal Anodes for Enhanced Stability and Kinetics.

Non-uniform zinc plating/stripping in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) often leads to dendrites formation and low Coulombic efficiency (CE), limiting their large-scale application. In this study, a pre-corroded Zn (PC-Zn) anode with 3D ridge-like structure is constructed by a facile solution etching in sodium hypophosphite (NaHPO) solution. The surface preparation process can significantly remove impurities from the passivation layer of bare Zn anode, thus exposing a great quantity of active sites for easy plating/stripping.

Bone-brain crosstalk in osteoarthritis: pathophysiology and interventions.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent articular disorder characterized by joint degeneration and persistent pain; it imposes a significant burden on both individuals and society. While OA has traditionally been viewed as a localized peripheral disorder, recent preclinical and clinical studies have revealed the crucial interconnections between the bone and the brain, highlighting the systemic nature of OA. The neuronal pathway, molecular signaling, circadian rhythms, and genetic underpinnings within the bone-brain axis play vital roles in the complex interplay that contributes to OA initiation and progression.

Cytokine-armed vaccinia virus promotes cytotoxicity toward pancreatic carcinoma cells via activation of human intermediary CD56CD16 natural killer cells.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a particularly aggressive disease with few effective treatments. The PDAC tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is known to be immune suppressive. Oncolytic viruses can increase tumor immunogenicity via immunogenic cell death (ICD).

Cross-country inequalities in disease burden and care quality of chronic kidney disease due to type 2 diabetes mellitus, 1990-2021: Findings from the global burden of disease study 2021.

Aim: To explore the trend of burden and care quality of chronic kidney disease due to type 2 diabetes mellitus (CKD-T2DM) and their cross-country inequalities from 1990 to 2021.

Materials And Methods: Data were from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study. Disease burden and care quality were quantified using the disability-adjusted life years rate and the quality-of-care index (QCI).

Inequalities in disease burden and care quality of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 1990-2021: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the primary causes of significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study aimed to explore the cross-country inequalities by age, sex, and region in COPD's burden and care quality from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: We obtained data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021.

Starvation-induced phosphorylation activates gasdermin A to initiate pyroptosis.

Pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory form of programmed cell death, is crucial for host defense against pathogens and danger signals. Proteolytic cleavage of gasdermin proteins B-E (GSDMB-GSDME) is well established as a trigger for pyroptosis, but the intracellular activation mechanism of GSDMA remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that severe starvation induces pyroptosis through phosphorylation-induced activation of GSDMA.

Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization identified potential drug targets for migraine.

Background: Migraine is a highly prevalent and complex neurovascular disease. However, the currently available therapeutic drugs often fall to adequately meet clinical needs due to limited effectiveness and numerous undesirable side effects. This study aims to identify putative novel targets for migraine treatment through proteome-wide Mendelian randomization (MR).

Modulating Solvation Shell with Acrylamide Electrolyte Additives for Reversible Zn Anodes.

The reconsideration of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) has been motivated by the attractive zinc metal, which stands out for its high theoretical capacity and cost efficiency. Nonetheless, detrimental side reactions triggered by the remarkable reactivity of HO molecules and rampant dendrite growth significantly compromise the stability of the zinc metal anode. Herein, a novel approach was proposed by leveraging the unique properties of acrylamide (AM) molecules to increase the driving force for nucleation and parasitic reactions.

UPLC-MS/MS-Based Target Screening of 90 Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in 5 Dietary Supplements.

The aim of individuals consuming health supplements is to attain a robust state through nutritional regulation. However, some unscrupulous manufacturers, motivated by profit, fraudulently incorporate drugs or unauthorized components with therapeutic effects into the product for instant product performance enhancement. The long-term use of these products may inadvertently inflict harm on human health and fail to promote nutritive healthcare.