Publications by authors named "Cao JianFeng"

Biodegradable microplastics (MPs) are promising alternatives to conventional MPs and are of high global concern. However, their discrepant effects on soil microorganisms and functions are poorly understood. In this study, polyethylene (PE) and polylactic acid (PLA) MPs were selected to investigate the different effects on soil microbiome and C-cycling genes using high-throughput sequencing and real-time quantitative PCR, as well as the morphology and functional group changes of MPs, using scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and the driving factors were identified.

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  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious and irreversible brain disorder that affects memory and cognitive skills, making accurate diagnosis crucial.
  • A new framework is introduced that integrates nonlinear feature extraction and 3D hypergraph neural networks to enhance the diagnostic process for AD by analyzing brain data more effectively.
  • The framework showed significant improvements in classification accuracy over existing methods, suggesting it could be a valuable tool for computer-assisted diagnosis of AD.
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Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have witnessed human-level performance; however, AI-enabled cognitive assistance for therapeutic procedures has not been fully explored nor pre-clinically validated. Here we propose AI-Endo, an intelligent surgical workflow recognition suit, for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Our AI-Endo is trained on high-quality ESD cases from an expert endoscopist, covering a decade time expansion and consisting of 201,026 labeled frames.

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Medical image segmentation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment in the medical field. In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and Transformers have been frequently adopted as network architectures in medical image segmentation. The convolution operation is limited in modeling long-range dependencies because it can only extract local information through the limited receptive field.

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In the process of petroleum geology exploration and development, reservoir quality evaluation is an essential component. However, conventional reservoir quality evaluation methods are no longer able to provide accurate and comprehensive assessments for all types of reservoirs. Therefore, the comprehensive evaluation of reservoir quality using multiple single factors is of significant importance in improving the level of reservoir quality assessment and enhancing the effectiveness of oil and gas exploration techniques.

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After several years of extensive exploration, a series of oil and gas reservoirs or structures have been discovered in the Dongdaohaizi sag, situated in the hinterland of the Junggar Basin. However, in recent years, some wells around the sag have failed. Herein, sedimentary facies, the plane distribution of dark mudstone, geochemical characteristics of source rocks, and the control of sedimentary facies on the distribution and development of source rocks in the Permian Pingdiquan Formation in the Dongdaohaizi sag were systematically investigated.

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Background: Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by acute kidney injury (AKI) tend to have a poor prognosis. However, the exact mechanism of the co-occurrence of the two diseases is unknown. Therefore, this study aims to determine the risk factors for severe AKI in patients with AMI.

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Background: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a common complication following percutaneous coronary intervention in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with >30% incidence. Klotho is a multifunctional protein that inhibits oxidative stress and inflammation, but its role in CI-AKI is poorly understood. The present study aimed to explore the effects of klotho in CI-AKI.

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For cell instance segmentation on Electron Microscopy (EM) images, state-of-the-art methods either conduct pixel-wise classification or follow a detection and segmentation manner. However, both approaches suffer from the enormous cell instances of EM images where cells are tightly close to each other and show inconsistent morphological properties and/or homogeneous appearances. This fact can easily lead to over-segmentation and under-segmentation problems for model prediction, , falsely splitting and merging adjacent instances.

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Deep space exploration navigation requires high accuracy of the Doppler measurement, which is equivalent to a frequency estimation problem. Because of the fence effect and spectrum leakage, the frequency estimation performances, which is based on the FFT spectrum methods, are significantly affected by the signal frequency. In this paper, we propose a novel method that utilizes the mathematical relation of the three Chirp-Z Transform (CZT) coefficients around the peak spectral line.

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  • Test-time adaptation (TTA) is crucial for handling changes in medical image data from different sources, but traditional methods often use a fixed learning rate for all samples, which isn't optimal.
  • A new approach called DLTTA introduces a dynamic learning rate adjustment that customizes weight updates based on the individual distribution shift of each test image.
  • This method has been successfully tested on various medical imaging tasks, showing significant improvements over existing TTA methods, and the code is available for use.
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  • Heap bioleaching utilizes microorganisms to extract metal ions from sulfide minerals, particularly copper, from low-grade ores, often aided by solvent extraction (SX) and electrowinning methods.
  • The introduction of SX reagent (2.5% v/v LIX984N in kerosene) can inhibit microbial activity, especially affecting biofilm formation and sulfur oxidation, which are critical for efficient bioleaching.
  • Different microbes respond uniquely to varying concentrations of SX reagent; one strain showed resilience at 100-300 mg/L, while another was completely inhibited at 50 mg/L, indicating variances in metabolic preferences and their impact on copper extraction efficiency.
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  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a complex condition influenced by exosomes, and this study aims to identify specific genes related to its development and prognosis by analyzing samples from CHD patients and healthy individuals.
  • Using various analytical methods, the research identified 715 significant exosome genes, with key functions linked to inflammatory responses and immune activities, particularly highlighting hub genes like LYZ and CAMP.
  • The study also noted distinct differences in immune cell profiles between CHD patients and controls, suggesting that immune responses, particularly involving neutrophils, play a critical role in the disease.
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Background: Melatonin (MT) has been shown to protect against various cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of MT on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial injury is poorly understood. This study aims to evaluate the effects of MT on LPS-induced myocardial injury .

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The invariant development and transparent body of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans enables complete delineation of cell lineages throughout development. Despite extensive studies of cell division, cell migration and cell fate differentiation, cell morphology during development has not yet been systematically characterized in any metazoan, including C. elegans.

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Earth-based radar astronomical observations provide information on surface characteristics, orbits, and rotations for a wide variety of solar system objects. Based on compound radio telescopes, both the Chinese VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) network (CVN) and the Russian VLBI network (Quasar), in cooperation with the Chinese radar transmitters, we present the current ground radar astronomical observations of the moon. The spectrum of the reflected radio signals was obtained and the Doppler frequency shift in bi-static radar mode was measured.

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Background: Abernethy malformation is a rare congenital abnormality. Imaging examination is an important method for the diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate manifestations of multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) in Abernethy malformation and its diagnostic accuracy.

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Background: Understanding the cellular architecture is a fundamental problem in various biological studies. C. elegans is widely used as a model organism in these studies because of its unique fate determinations.

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The possibility to observe satellites with the geodetic Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) technique is vividly discussed in the geodetic community, particularly with regard to future co-location satellite missions. The Chinese APOD-A nano satellite can be considered as a first prototype-suitable for practical observation tests-combining the techniques Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and VLBI on a single platform in a Low Earth Orbit (LEO). Unfortunately, it has hardly been observed by VLBI, so major studies towards actual frame ties could not be performed.

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  • Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) are small tumors classified into peripheral or central types based on location, typically found in young adults, but can rarely occur in organs like the lungs.
  • A case study details a 37-year-old woman with a peripheral PNET in her lung, who presented with respiratory symptoms and underwent extensive treatment including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
  • After treatment, the patient remains alive without signs of tumor recurrence and continues with regular follow-up care.
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This study was aimed to investigate the anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activities of an exopolysaccharide (EPS) from Rhizopus nigricans. Our results showed EPS could significantly inhibit the tumor growth and increase the immune organs index of CT26 tumor-bearing mice. EPS treatment increased the productions of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in serum.

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In this study, the effect of antitumor and immune activities of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) from Rhizopus nigricans Ehrenb were investigated using S180 bearing mice. The results revealed that EPS in the concentration range 50-1000 μg/mL can inhibited S180 cell proliferation in a dose dependent manner. EPS at the highest dose of 1000 μg/mL showed significantly antitumor activity against S180 with inhibition rate of 47.

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Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in children and young adults worldwide. Therefore, we investigated the role of AG490 in regulating brain oedema, expression of CD40 and neurological function after TBI.

Methods: Sprague Dawley rats (n = 240) were randomly divided into a sham operation group, TBI+saline group and TBI+AG490 (JAK/STAT inhibitor) group.

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In this study, a novel exopolysaccharide (EPS) was isolated from the fermentation broth of Trichoderma pseudokoningii and its anticancer activities on human leukemia K562 cells were studied. EPS could significantly inhibited K562 cells proliferation in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Meanwhile, characteristic of apoptosis, including apoptotic morphological features and the apoptosis rate were obtained.

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  • Antarctic bacteria, specifically Pseudoaltermonas sp.S-5, produce a polysaccharide (PEP) that could serve as a biological response modifier (BRM).
  • PEP consists of a mix of Mannose, Glucose, and Galactose in a specific ratio and has a molecular weight of 397 kDa, showing unique gel permeation characteristics.
  • Experimental studies revealed that PEP enhances macrophage activation and increases nitric oxide production while inducing the secretion of key inflammatory cytokines, indicating its potential as a BRM.
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