Metabolism Plasticity on Account of 10 Promotes Poplar Growth under Altered Nitrogen Regimes.

Improving poplar productivity across a wide spectrum of nitrogen conditions is a primary objective in poplar breeding. In this research, we engineered transgenic poplars to overexpress the () gene. The results showed that these transgenic plantlets significantly outperformed the wild-type control in terms of growth under both nitrogen-poor and nitrogen-rich conditions, exhibiting increased biomass, height, and root development.

Leaf nitrogen allocation to non-photosynthetic apparatus reduces mesophyll conductance under combined drought-salt stress in .

Leaf nitrogen allocation plays a crucial role in determining both photosynthetic function and structural development of plants. However, the effects of drought, salt stress, and their combination on leaf nitrogen allocation, and how these affect mesophyll conductance ( ) and photosynthesis, remain poorly understood. In this study, we first investigated variations in photosynthetic characteristics and leaf nitrogen allocation, and analyzed the relationship between and leaf nitrogen allocation ratios in under drought, salt and combined drought-salt stress.

Multi-Institutional Analysis of Survival and Recurrence Patterns of Different Pathological Regression Types After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy or Radiotherapy for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The recurrence patterns of different types of pathologic regression of the primary tumor and lymph nodes in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) are little known, especially in ypT0N+ patients.

Methods: We included 582 patients with ESCC who had esophagectomy after NCRT or neoadjuvant radiotherapy (NRT) from 3 institutions. The patients were divided into 4 groups: ypT0N0, ypT0N+, ypT+N0, and ypT+N+ according to the type of pathological regression of the primary tumor and lymph nodes.

Effects of retaining different number of mother bamboo on the growth and NSCs allocation of new-born seedlings in Phyllostachys edulis at different age.

Background: Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) are key substances for metabolic processes in plants, providing energy for growth, development, and responses to environmental stress. Pruning mother bamboo in a clump can significantly affect the NSCs allocation of new shoots, thereby affecting their growth. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is an important economic bamboo species with a highest planting area in China.

Compare Analysis of Codon Usage Bias of Nuclear Genome in Eight Sapindaceae Species.

Codon usage bias (CUB) refers to the different frequencies with which various codons are utilized within a genome. Examining CUB is essential for understanding genome structure, function, and evolution. However, little was known about codon usage patterns and the factors influencing the nuclear genomes of eight ecologically significant Sapindaceae species widely utilized for food and medicine.

Coupling PROSPECT with Prior Estimation of Leaf Structure to Improve the Retrieval of Leaf Nitrogen Content in from Bidirectional Reflectance Factor Spectra.

Leaf nitrogen content (LNC) is a crucial indicator for assessing the nitrogen status of forest trees. The LNC retrieval can be achieved with the inversion of the PROSPECT-PRO model. However, the LNC retrieval from the commonly used leaf bidirectional reflectance factor (BRF) spectra remains challenging arising from the confounding effects of mesophyll structure, specular reflection, and other chemicals such as water.

Promoted metabolic remolding by overexpression of AspAT9 ameliorates cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis.

Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that poses a serious threat to crop safety and human health. Aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) is a prime enzyme engaged in amino acid metabolism, contributing essential metabolic substances for plant growth and acclimatization to various stresses. In this study, we identified a novel AspAT9 gene with high responsiveness to Cd stress from poplar 'Nanlin895' and subsequently transformed it into Arabidopsis.

Sequential fermentation of Ginkgo biloba seeds by Bacillus subtilis natto and Lactobacillus plantarum enhanced nutrition, flavor and lipid-lowering activity.

Background: Ginkgo biloba seeds (GBS) are rich in flavonoids, proteins and reducing sugar, and have been consumed as food and medicinal nuts for thousands of years. However, the presence of ginkgotoxins and their poor palatability limit people's consumption of them.

Results: This study used solid-state fermentation with Bacillus subtilis natto and Lactobacillus plantarum to enhance the safety and benefits of GBS.

Combating browning: mechanisms and management strategies in culture of economic woody plants.

Browning presents a significant challenge in the culture of economically important woody plants, primarily due to high levels of lignification and the accumulation of secondary metabolites. This phenomenon hampers the development of efficient regeneration and genetic transformation systems across diverse species. This review examines the internal and external factors contributing to browning, including genetic attributes, tree genotypes, physiological state of explants, explant surface sterilization, medium composition, and overall culture conditions.

The LncNAT11-MYB11-F3'H/FLS module mediates flavonol biosynthesis to regulate salt stress tolerance in Ginkgo biloba.

Flavonols are important secondary metabolites that enable plants to resist environmental stresses. Although MYB regulation of flavonol biosynthesis has been well studied, the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-MYB networks involved in regulating flavonol biosynthesis remain unknown. Ginkgo biloba is rich in flavonols, which are the most important medicinal components.

Transcriptome Profiling Identifies Plant Hormone Signaling Pathway-Related Genes and Transcription Factors in the Drought and Re-Watering Response of .

, usually referred to as a "living fossil," is widely planted in many countries because of its medicinal value and beautiful appearance. Owing to ginkgo's high resistance to drought stress, ginkgo seedlings can even survive withholding water for several days without exhibiting leaf wilting and desiccation. To assess the physiological and transcriptomic mechanisms involved in the drought stress and re-watering responses of , ginkgo seedlings were subjected to drought treatment for 15 d (D_15 d) and 22 d (D_22 d) until they had severely wilted, followed by re-watering for 3 d (D_Re3 d) to restore normal growth.

Temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)/polylactic acid/lemon essential oil nanofiber films prepared via different electrospinning processes: Controlled release and preservation effect.

To develop an optimized controlled-release system based on temperature-sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) nanofibers, we prepared three types of temperature-controlled preservative films. These films were composed of PNIPAAm, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polylactic acid (PLA), and lemon essential oil (LEO), and were fabricated using uniaxial, coaxial, and layered spinning techniques. The nanofiber films obtained by layered spinning exhibited a sandwich structure, demonstrating superior physical barrier properties, mechanical strength, and thermal resistance.

Physiological Responses and Salt Tolerance Evaluation of Different Varieties of under Salt Stress.

Soil salinization significantly impacts the ecological environment and agricultural production, posing a threat to plant growth. Currently, there are over 400 varieties of with horticultural value internationally. However, research on the differences in salt tolerance among varieties is still insufficient.

Tree Longevity: Multifaceted Genetic Strategies and Beyond.

Old trees are remarkable for their ability to endure for centuries or even millennia, acting as recordkeepers of historical climate and custodians of genetic diversity. The secret to their longevity has long been a subject of fascination. Despite the challenges associated with studying old trees, such as massive size, slow growth rate, long lifespan and often remote habitat, accumulating studies have investigated the mechanisms underlying tree aging and longevity over the past decade.

Survival benefit and spatial properties of tertiary lymphoid structures in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with neoadjuvant therapies.

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) were associated with survival in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) undergoing surgery alone (SA). However, their clinical relevance in neoadjuvant therapies remains less known. Here, we firstly investigated the presence, maturation and spatial distribution of TLSs in 359 ESCC patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT), neoadjuvant immunotherapy (NCI), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) or SA.

RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Rapid Detection of .

, which belongs to algae (Chromista), Oomycota, Pythiales, Pythiaceae, and , is a quarantine pathogen that causes brown rot of fruits, stem rot and root rot, and other symptoms that can damage several tree species in urban landscaping. Therefore, disease management requires rapid and accurate diagnosis. The present study used recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) in conjunction with the CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein 12a (Cas12a) system to identify .

Pecan (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch) nuts as an emerging source of protein: extraction, physicochemical and functional properties.

Background: The increasing demand for sustainable alternatives to traditional protein sources, driven by population growth, underscores the importance of protein in a healthy diet. Pecan (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K.

PcAvh87, a virulence essential RxLR effector of Phytophthora cinnamomi suppresses host defense and induces cell death in plant nucleus.

Plants have developed intricate immune mechanisms to impede Phytophthora colonization. In response, Phytophthora secretes RxLR effector proteins that disrupt plant defense and promote infection. The specific molecular interactions through which Phytophthora RxLR effectors undermine plant immunity, however, remain inadequately defined.

Application of Developmental Regulators for Enhancing Plant Regeneration and Genetic Transformation.

Establishing plant regeneration systems and efficient genetic transformation techniques plays a crucial role in plant functional genomics research and the development of new crop varieties. The inefficient methods of transformation and regeneration of recalcitrant species and the genetic dependence of the transformation process remain major obstacles. With the advancement of plant meristematic tissues and somatic embryogenesis research, several key regulatory genes, collectively known as developmental regulators, have been identified.

Establishment and validation of a risk score model based on EUS: assessment of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer.

Background And Aims: Lymph node metastasis significantly affects the prognosis of early gastric cancer patients. EUS plays a crucial role in the preoperative assessment of early gastric cancer. This study evaluated the efficacy of EUS in identifying lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer patients and developed a risk score model to aid in choosing the best treatment options.

Predicting Quercus gilva distribution dynamics and its response to climate change induced by GHGs emission through MaxEnt modeling.

Quercus gilva, an evergreen tree species in Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis, is an ecologically and economically valuable species in subtropical regions of East Asia. Predicting the impact of climate change on potential distribution of Q. gilva can provide a scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of its genetic resources, as well as for afforestation.

Integrative omics studies revealed synergistic link between sucrose metabolic isogenes and carbohydrates in poplar roots infected by Fusarium wilt.

Advances in carbohydrate metabolism prompted its essential role in defense priming and sweet immunity during plant-pathogen interactions. Nevertheless, upstream responding enzymes in the sucrose metabolic pathway and associated carbohydrate derivatives underlying fungal pathogen challenges remain to be deciphered in Populus, a model tree species. In silico deduction of genomic features, including phylogenies, exon/intron distributions, cis-regulatory elements, and chromosomal localization, identified 59 enzyme genes (11 families) in the Populus genome.