Prevention and alleviation of allergic rhinitis by oral administration of GOLDGUT-Lpc969.

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a widespread upper airway disorder characterized by inflammation of the nasal passages. It is immunologically mediated via the hypersensitivity type I mechanism, which is primarily elicited by the immunoglobulin E (IgE)-linking allergen-induced imbalance of the Th2/Th1 immune response. Owing to the limited efficacy of current medications, probiotics have received attention for their potential in preventing and ameliorating AR.

Chitosan-gentamicin conjugate attenuates heat stress-induced intestinal barrier injury via the TLR4/STAT6/MYLK signaling pathway: In vitro and in vivo studies.

Heat stress (HS) has a negative impact on animal health. A modified chitosan-gentamicin conjugate (CS-GT) was prepared to investigate its potential protective effects and mechanism of action on heat stress-induced intestinal mucosa injury in IPEC-J2 cells and mouse 3D intestinal organs in a mouse model. CS-GT significantly (P < 0.

Slc9a1 plays a vital role in chitosan oligosaccharide transport across the intestinal mucosa of mice.

The mechanism underlying the intestinal transport of COS is not well understood. Here, transcriptome and proteome analyses were performed to identify potential critical molecules involved in COS transport. Enrichment analyses revealed that the differentially expressed genes in the duodenum of the COS-treated mice were mainly enriched in transmembrane and immune function.

Heat Stress-Induced Dysbiosis of Porcine Colon Microbiota Plays a Role in Intestinal Damage: A Fecal Microbiota Profile.

The pathological mechanisms of gastrointestinal disorders, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), in pigs are poorly understood. We report the induction of intestinal inflammation in heat-stressed (HS) pigs, fecal microbiota transplantation from pigs to mice, and explain the role of microorganisms in IBD. 24 adult pigs were subjected to HS (34 ± 1 °C; 75-85% relative humidity for 24h) while 24 control pigs (CP) were kept at 25 ± 3°C and the same humidity.

ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase mediates downregulation of intestinal tight junction proteins in heat stress-induced IBD model in pig.

In many mammalian species, including pigs, heat stress (HS) detrimentally leads to epithelium damage and increases intestinal permeability. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not thoroughly investigated yet. This study aimed to examine the RIP1/RIP3-ERK1/2 signaling pathway that regulates the expression of tight junction proteins in HS-treated pigs.

A Comprehensive Analysis of the Colonic Flora Diversity, Short Chain Fatty Acid Metabolism, Transcripts, and Biochemical Indexes in Heat-Stressed Pigs.

Heat stressed pigs show typical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, little is known about the pathogenesis of heat stress (HS)-induced IBD in pigs. In this study, we determined the effects of HS on colon morphology, intestinal microbiota diversity, transcriptome genes (transcripts), and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) metabolism in pigs.

Effect of chitosan on blood profile, inflammatory cytokines by activating TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in intestine of heat stressed mice.

Heat stress can significantly affect the immune function of the animal body. Heat stress stimulates oxidative stress in intestinal tissue and suppresses the immune responses of mice. The protecting effects of chitosan on heat stress induced colitis have not been reported.

Terpinen4-ol inhibits heat stress induced inflammation in colonic tissue by Activating Occludin, Claudin-2 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Heat stress has severe implications on the health of mice involving intestinal mucosal barrier damage and dysregulated mucosal immune response. This study was designed with long-term heat stress to detect the protective effect of terpinen4-ol on body weight, colon length, organ index, morphological structure, inflammatory cytokines expression, Claudin-2, Occludin, and TLR4 signaling pathway of colonic tissue in mice under heat stress. A study found that oral administration of terpinen4-ol helped against mortality and intestinal inflammation in a mouse model of acute colitis induced by heat stress (40 °C per day for 4 h) exposed for 14 consecutive days.

Proteomic study of hypothalamus in pigs exposed to heat stress.

Background: With evidence of warming climates, it is important to understand the effects of heat stress in farm animals in order to minimize production losses. Studying the changes in the brain proteome induced by heat stress may aid in understanding how heat stress affects brain function. The hypothalamus is a critical region in the brain that controls the pituitary gland, which is responsible for the secretion of several important hormones.