Population genetic structure in a self-compatible hermaphroditic snail is driven by drift independently of its contemporary mating system.

Genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection commonly influence population genetic diversity. In populations of self-compatible hermaphrodites, the mating system (e.g.

Mitonuclear genetic patterns of divergence in the marbled crab, Pachygrapsus marmoratus (Fabricius, 1787) along the Turkish seas.

Biogeographical transition zones present good opportunities for studying the effect of the past ice ages on genetic structure of species because secondary contact zones of post-glacial lineages can be formed. In this study, we investigated the population genetic structure of the marbled rock crab, Pachygrapsus marmoratus along the coasts of Turkey. We genotyped 334 individuals from the Black Sea, the Turkish Straits System (TSS), the Aegean, and the Eastern Mediterranean basins.

Examining adaptive evolution of immune activity: opportunities provided by gastropods in the age of 'omics'.

Parasites threaten all free-living organisms, including molluscs. Understanding the evolution of immune defence traits in natural host populations is crucial for predicting their long-term performance under continuous infection risk. Adaptive trait evolution requires that traits are subject to selection (i.

Impact of three different plate colours on short-term satiety and energy intake: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Plate colour was previously shown to alter the amount of food consumption due to its environmental effect on food intake. However, different studies have indicated that the effect of plate colour cannot be generalized. In light of this finding, the main objective of this study was to determine whether food consumption during an open buffet meal was different when using same-sized white, red or black plates.

Effect of plate size on meal energy intake in normal weight women.

Background/objectives: Use of smaller plates to control food intake is a commonly recommended strategy for restricting energy intake, despite conflicting results. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether or not three different sizes of plates influence energy intake during a multi-itemed buffet meal in normal weight women.

Subjects/methods: This was a cross-over study conducted on 37 female participants aged 19-25 years with normal BMI levels.