Diagnosing Helicobacter pylori using autoencoders and limited annotations through anomalous staining patterns in IHC whole slide images.

Purpose: This work addresses the detection of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) in histological images with immunohistochemical staining. This analysis is a time-demanding task, currently done by an expert pathologist that visually inspects the samples.

Viral Load Measurements for Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8): Review and an Updated Assay.

"When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it." is a famous quote attributed to Lord Kelvin. This sentiment puts viral load measurements at the center of virology.

Nonlocal Massive Gravity from Einstein Gravity.

We present a top-down construction of a three-dimensional nonlocal theory of massive gravity. This "nonlocal massive gravity" (NLMG) is obtained as the gravitational theory induced by Einstein gravity on a brane inserted in anti-de Sitter space modified by an overall minus sign. The theory involves an infinite series of increasingly complicated higher-derivative corrections to the Einstein-Hilbert action, with the quadratic term coinciding with new massive gravity.

Implementation of a High-Accuracy Targeted Gene Expression Panel for Clinical Care.

This study describes the validation of a clinical RNA expression panel with evaluation of concordance between gene copy gain by a next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay and high gene expression by an RNA expression panel. The RNA Salah Targeted Expression Panel (RNA STEP) was designed with input from oncologists to include 204 genes with utility for clinical trial prescreening and therapy selection. RNA STEP was validated with the nanoString platform using remnant formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded-derived RNA from 102 patients previously tested with a validated clinical NGS panel.

RET splice site variants in medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is an aggressive cancer that is often caused by driver mutations in . Splice site variants (SSV) reflect changes in mRNA processing, which may alter protein function. SSVs have been described in thyroid tumors in general but have not been extensively studied in MTC.

One-lung ventilation with a bronchial blocker in thoracic patients.

Background: Lung isolation is a technique used in a multitude of surgeries to ensure single-lung ventilation with collapse of the contralateral lung, as to achieve improved access and visualization of relevant anatomical structures. Despite being accepted and having favorable outcomes, bronchial blockers (BBs) are not to this day the main device of choice among anaesthesiologists.

Methods: In this retrospective and descriptive study, we analyzed the safety and efficacy of a BB in all types of thoracic surgeries in our centre between 2015 and 2022, excluding patients with massive hemoptysis or empyema, or who had undergone a prior pneumonectomy.

Barrier-to-autointegration factor 1 promotes gammaherpesvirus reactivation from latency.

Gammaherpesviruses, including Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), are DNA viruses that are globally associated with human cancers and establish lifelong latency in the human population. Detection of gammaherpesviral infection by the cGAS-STING innate immune DNA-sensing pathway is critical for suppressing viral reactivation from latency, a process that promotes viral pathogenesis and transmission. We report that barrier-to-autointegration factor 1 (BAF)-mediated suppression of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway is necessary for reactivation of KSHV and EBV.

Mitochondrial protein, TBRG4, modulates KSHV and EBV reactivation from latency.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and Epstein-Barr (EBV) are gammaherpesviruses associated with multiple human malignancies. KSHV is the etiological agent of Kaposi's Sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD). EBV is associated with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and gastric carcinoma (GC).

Universal Feature of Charged Entanglement Entropy.

Rényi entropies, S_{n}, admit a natural generalization in the presence of global symmetries. These "charged Rényi entropies" are functions of the chemical potential μ conjugate to the charge contained in the entangling region and reduce to the usual notions as μ→0. For n=1, this provides a notion of charged entanglement entropy.

Assessment of Attentional Processes in Patients with Anxiety-Depressive Disorders Using Virtual Reality.

To characterize the attention deficits in one-hundred-fifteen participants, comprising two types of clinical profiles (affective and anxiety disorder), through a test of continuous VR execution. Method: Three tests (i.e.

Minimally invasive surgery for pediatric dumbbell neuroblastoma: systematic literature review and report of a single-stage neurosurgical and thoracoscopic approach.

Introduction: Traditional surgical strategies for dumbbell neuroblastoma entail, among others, high risk of spinal deformity. Less invasive procedures might reduce these sequelae, however, there is small evidence comparing different strategies. Indications of minimally invasive surgery in neuroblastoma are still developing.

Integration of a nitrification bioreactor and an anoxic biotrickling filter for simultaneous ammonium-rich water treatment and biogas desulfurization.

A preliminary assessment has been carried out on the integration of an anoxic biotrickling filter and a nitrification bioreactor for the simultaneous treatment of ammonium-rich water and HS contained in a biogas stream. The nutrient consumption in the biotrickling filter was as follows (mol NO-N): 6.3·10 ± 1.

Non-Invasive Estimation of Intracranial Pressure by Diffuse Optics: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Intracranial pressure (ICP) is an important parameter to monitor in several neuropathologies. However, because current clinically accepted methods are invasive, its monitoring is limited to patients in critical conditions. On the other hand, there are other less critical conditions for which ICP monitoring could still be useful; therefore, there is a need to develop non-invasive methods.

Distal catheter lengthening in pediatric patients with hydrocephalus using a guidewire-assisted technique.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the lengthening or replacement of the peritoneal catheter in a ventriculoperitoneal shunt by using a simple guidewire-assisted technique. Here we report on our experience with this methodology, its indications, caveats, and contraindications.

Methods: A prospective study was performed in 59 consecutively shunted children who required elective lengthening of the peritoneal catheter (25 females and 34 males, mean 10.

Comparing Three Methods for Reducing Psychotropic Use in Older Demented Spanish Care Home Residents.

Background/objective: In nursing homes across the world, and particularly in Spain, there are concerns that psychotropic medications are being overused. For older Spanish nursing home residents who had dementia, we sought to evaluate the association between applying interventions designed to reduce inappropriate psychotropic medication use and subsequent psychotropic use.

Design: Retrospective, propensity score-matched, controlled, patient-level observational analysis.

Universality of Squashed-Sphere Partition Functions.

We present several results concerning the free energy of odd-dimensional conformal field theories (CFTs) on squashed spheres. First, we propose a formula which computes this quantity for holographic CFTs dual to higher-curvature gravities with second-order linearized equations of motion. As opposed to standard on-shell action methods for Taub geometries, our formula only involves a simple evaluation of the corresponding bulk Lagrangian on an auxiliary pure anti-de Sitter (AdS) space.

Complexity Growth Rate in Lovelock Gravity.

Using the complexity=action framework, we compute the late time growth of complexity for charged black holes in Lovelock gravity. Our calculation is facilitated by the fact that the null boundaries of the Wheeler-DeWitt patch do not contribute at late times and essential contributions coming from the joints are now understood. The late time growth rate reduces to a difference of internal energies associated with the inner and outer horizons, and in the limit where the mass is much larger than the charge, we reproduce the celebrated result of 2M/π with corrections proportional to the highest Lovelock coupling in even (boundary) dimensions.

Melatonin as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of periodontitis associated with obesity.

Aims: To study the effect of adjunctive systemic administration of melatonin to standard mechanical periodontal therapy in obese rats with experimental periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: In 42 Wistar rats with an initial body weight of 180 g., half (n = 21) were fed with a high-fat diet to induce obesity.

3D-Printed PCL/PLA Composite Stents: Towards a New Solution to Cardiovascular Problems.

Biodegradable stents (BRS) offer enormous potential but first they must meet five specific requirements: (i) their manufacturing process must be precise; (ii) degradation should have minimal toxicity; (iii) the rate of degradation should match the recovery rate of vascular tissue; (iv) ideally, they should induce rapid endothelialization to restore the functions of vascular tissue, but at the same time reduce the risk of restenosis; and (v) their mechanical behavior should comply with medical requirements, namely, the flexibility required to facilitate placement but also sufficient radial rigidity to support the vessel. Although the first three requirements have been comprehensively studied, the last two have been overlooked. One possible way of addressing these issues would be to fabricate composite stents using materials that have different mechanical, biological, or medical properties, for instance, Polylactide Acid (PLA) or Polycaprolactone (PCL).

Glucocorticosteroids administration is associated with increased regulatory T cells in equine asthmatic lungs.

Recurrent inflammation in severe equine asthma causes a remodeling of the airways leading to incompletely reversible airway obstruction. Despite the improvement of clinical signs and lung function with glucocorticoids (GC), inflammation, translated by an increased percentage of neutrophils, persists in the airways. Regulatory T cells (Treg) have been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and play an important role in balancing the immune response by suppressing effector lymphocyte activity.

Melatonin expression in periodontitis and obesity: An experimental in-vivo investigation.

Background And Objective: Melatonin deficiency has been associated with obesity and systemic inflammation. This study aims to evaluate whether melatonin could interfere with the mechanisms of co-morbidity linking obesity and periodontitis.

Material And Methods: Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided in 4 groups: control group (Con) (fed with standard diet); high-fat diet group (HFD) (fed with a diet containing 35.