Sulforaphane attenuates microglia-mediated neuronal damage by down-regulating the ROS/autophagy/NLRP3 signal axis in fibrillar Aβ-activated microglia.

The neuroinflammatory hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) posits that amyloid-beta (Aβ) phagocytosis along with subsequent lysosomal damage and NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays important roles in Aβ-induced microglia activation and microglia-induced neurotoxicity. Sulforaphane (SFN) has neuroprotective effects for AD. However, whether SFN can inhibit its cytotoxic autophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia remain unknown.

Hemispheric Difference of Regional Brain Function Exists in Patients With Acute Stroke in Different Cerebral Hemispheres: A Resting-State fMRI Study.

Objective: To explore the different compensatory mechanisms of brain function between the patients with brain dysfunction after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in the dominant hemisphere and the non-dominant hemisphere based on Resting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Rs-fMRI).

Methods: In this trial, 15 healthy subjects (HS) were used as blank controls. In total, 30 hemiplegic patients with middle cerebral artery acute infarction of different dominant hemispheres were divided into the dominant hemisphere group (DH) and the non-dominant hemisphere group (NDH), scanned by a 3.

DHA attenuates Aβ-induced necroptosis through the RIPK1/RIPK3 signaling pathway in THP-1 monocytes.

Monocytes play a crucial role in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has a neuroprotective effect for many neurodegenerative diseases. However, mechanisms that regulate monocyte and Aβ protein interaction in AD and the effects of DHA on monocytes in the context of AD are not fully understood. The experiments were designed to further explore possible mechanisms of interaction between monocytes and Aβ plaques.

[Analysis of gene mutation in a pedigree with autosomal dominant Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease].

Objective: To investigate the molecular genetic mechanism of Charcot- Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease in a pedigree.

Methods: Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of the family members of a pedigree with autosomal dominant CMT disease, and 65 candidate genes of the proband were screened using target exon capture and the next generation sequencing, and the suspicious genes were verified using Sanger sequencing. PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN and SIFT software were used to predict the function of the mutant genes, and PyMOL-1 software was used to simulate the mutant protein structure.

[Correlation of apolipoprotein AI, apolipoprotein B and their ratio with the severity of cerebral white matter lesions].

Objective: To investigate the correlation of apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI), ApoB, ApoB/ApoAI and the severity of brain white matter lesions (WML).

Methods: A total of 648 patients with WML confirmed by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were divided into mild WML group (=386) and moderate to severe WML group (=262) according to evaluations with the Fazekas scale. The demographic data, blood biochemical parameters and the levels of ApoAI, ApoB and ApoB/AI ratio were compared between the two groups to identify the risk factors of moderate to severe WML.

Sulforaphane attenuates microglia-mediated neuronal necroptosis through down-regulation of MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-activated BV-2 microglia.

Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural dietary isothiocyanate in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage, has very strong anti-inflammatory activity. Activation of microglia leads to overexpression of a series of pro-inflammatory mediators, which play a vital role in neuronal damage. SFN may have neuroprotective effects in different neurodegenerative diseases related to inflammation.

[Expression of HDAC9 in different brain regions in mice with cerebral ischemic stroke].

Objective: To investigate the expression and the subcellular localization of HDAC9 in different brain regions of mice after cerebral ischemic injury and explore the association between HDAC9 and ischemic stroke.

Methods: Twenty-one male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham-operated group (n=9) and operated group (n=12). In the latter group, the mice with Zea-Longa neurological deficit scores of 2 or 3 following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were assigned into MCAO group (n=9).

Non-enhanced MR lymphography of the thoracic duct: improved visualization following ingestion of a high fat meal-initial experience.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the clarity of magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL) images of the thoracic duct (TD) obtained from subjects following an overnight fast with those obtained from the same subjects after ingestion of a high fat meal.

Methods: Nineteen healthy volunteers were included in this study. TD images were acquired on a 3·0T MRI system with the imaging sequence of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography.

The Efficacy of Trastuzumab in Animal Models of Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancers and is the second leading cause of cancer death among women. Trastuzumab is an effective treatment, the first monoclonal antibody directed against the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). To inform the development of other effective treatments we report summary estimates of efficacy of trastuzumab on survival and tumour volume in animal models of breast cancer.

Aquaporin-4 and Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Although the pathogenesis of AD remains unclear, AD is thought to result from an imbalance in the production and clearance of amyloid-β protein (Aβ). Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) is the major aquaporin in the mammalian brain, is mostly expressed on astrocytic endfeet, and functions as a water transporter.

Key regions of the cerebral network are altered after electroacupuncture at the Baihui (GV20) and Yintang acupuncture points in healthy volunteers: an analysis based on resting fcMRI.

Objective: To identify the key cerebral functional region affected by acupuncture point needling by examining cerebral networks using functional connectivity MRI (fcMRI) and analysing changes in the key regions of these brain networks at different time points after needle removal.

Methods: Twelve healthy volunteers received 30 min of electroacupuncture (EA) at the Baihui (GV20) and Yintang acupuncture points and then underwent two fMRI scans, one each at 5 and 15 min after needle removal. Related brain networks were analysed centred at different 'seeds', centres which functionally connect the other cerebral regions in an organised network, such as the anterior frontal lobe, anterior cingulate gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, amygdala, hypothalamus, head of the caudate nucleus and anterior lobe of the cerebellum.