Advancements and applications of artificial intelligence in cardiovascular imaging: a comprehensive review.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming cardiovascular imaging by offering advancements across multiple modalities, including echocardiography, cardiac computed tomography (CCT), cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), interventional cardiology, nuclear medicine, and electrophysiology. This review explores the clinical applications of AI within each of these areas, highlighting its ability to improve patient selection, reduce image acquisition time, enhance image optimization, facilitate the integration of data from different imaging modality and clinical sources, improve diagnosis and risk stratification. Moreover, we illustrate both the advantages and the limitations of AI across these modalities, acknowledging that while AI can significantly aid in diagnosis, risk stratification, and workflow efficiency, it cannot replace the expertise of cardiologists.

Humic extracts from raw or composted coffee husks as novel chitosan crosslinkers for the synthesis of sustainable nanoparticles with antioxidant properties.

Coffee husks have been valorised by isolating humic materials before (HLS-Raw) or after (HS-Comp) composting them. Such substrates were reacted with chitosan at different ratios to synthesize novel nanoparticles (NP) with radical scavenging properties. Size and antioxidant activity of nanomaterials increased at higher HS/chitosan ratio, while zeta potential decreased.

Multimodal Imaging of Coronary Bifurcation TAP Procedures Utilizing Visible Heart® Methodologies: EBC Recommended Steps and Bailout Procedures.

In some cases it is critical to clinically perform coronary bifurcation stenting to minimize the potential risk for restenosis and/or stent thrombosis. The European Bifurcation Club (EBC) has provided guidelines for optimally performing such procedures. Yet, sometimes such procedures do not go as planned, and in some cases bailout procedures are required.

[Ten questions about infective endocarditis].

Infective endocarditis (IE) is an infective process involving the endocardium and, more frequently, the native heart valves, valvular prostheses and cardiac implantable electronic devices. IE can manifest with various non-specific symptoms making the diagnosis challenging. This condition is associated with high in-hospital and long-term mortality.

Pulmonary congestion assessed by lung ultrasound in patients with severe aortic stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Prevalence and prognostic implications.

Aims: Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a sensitive tool to assess pulmonary congestion (PC). Few data are available on LUS-PC evaluation in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and prognostic impact of LUS-PC in patients with severe AS before and after TAVI.

Lignin nanoparticles from hydrotropic fractionation of giant reed and eucalypt: Structural elucidation and antibacterial properties.

A hydrotropic solution of maleic acid (MA) was exploited to fractionate giant reed (AD) and eucalypt (EUC). The pre-treatment was successful for AD, while it was unsatisfactory for EUC, likely due to unoptimized reaction conditions. Interestingly, lignin nanoparticles (LNP) were produced via spontaneous aggregation following spent liquor dilution.

Concealed by darkness: Combination of NMR and HRMS reveal the molecular nature of dissolved organic matter in fractured-rock groundwater and connected surface waters.

Detailed molecular composition of solid phase extracted dissolved organic matter (SPE) collected from fractured-rock groundwater was compared to connected surface river water at two different watersheds in the unconfined chalk aquifer of Champagne in France using full scan ultrahigh resolution electrospray and photoionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), Orbitrap tandem MS (MS/MS) and H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). H NMR spectroscopy indicated that groundwater SPE carried a higher contribution of aliphatic compounds while surface river waters SPE were enriched in carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM), acetate derivatives and oxygenated units. Furthermore, we show here that use of photoionization (APPI(+)) in aquifer studies is key, ionizing about eight times more compounds than ESI in surface river water samples, specifically targeting the dissolved organic nitrogen pool, accounting for more than 50% of the total molecular space, as well as a non-polar, more aromatic fraction; with little overlap with compounds detected by ESI(-) FT-ICR MS.

Configuration of two-stent coronary bifurcation techniques in explanted beating hearts: the MOBBEM study.

Background: In patients with complex coronary bifurcation lesions undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), various 2-stent techniques might be utilised. The Visible Heart Laboratories (VHL) offer an experimental environment where PCI results can be assessed by multimodality imaging.

Aims: We aimed to assess the post-PCI stent configuration achieved by 2-stent techniques in the VHL and to evaluate the procedural factors associated with suboptimal results.

Waste to Wealth Approach: Improved Antimicrobial Properties in Bioactive Hydrogels through Humic Substance-Gelatin Chemical Conjugation.

Exploring opportunities for biowaste valorization, herein, humic substances (HS) were combined with gelatin, a hydrophilic biocompatible and bioavailable polymer, to obtain 3D hydrogels. Hybrid gels (Gel HS) were prepared at different HS contents, exploiting physical or chemical cross-linking, through 1-ethyl-(3-3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDC) chemistry, between HS and gelatin. Physicochemical features were assessed through rheological measurements, X-ray diffraction, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Multimodal Comparisons of Results Achieved by Different Side Branch Ballooning Techniques for Bifurcation Provisional Stenting.

Background: Stepwise provisional stenting is the gold standard for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on bifurcation lesions, but the optimal ballooning technique for eventual side branch treatment is not established. The objective of the present study was to compare the stent configuration obtained by 2 different side branch optimization techniques performed after main vessel (MV) stent implantation: proximal optimization technique+kissing balloon inflation+final proximal optimization technique (POT/KBI/POT [PKP]) versus proximal optimization technique+isolated side branch dilation+final proximal optimization technique (POT-side-POT [PSP]).

Methods: We realized a 1:1 prospective randomized trial comparing bifurcation PCI conducted (under angiographic and angioscopic visualization) with either PKP or PSP in reanimated swine hearts using commercially available drug-eluting stents.

Quantitative Evaluation of Noncovalent Interactions between 3,4-Dimethyl-1-pyrazole and Dissolved Humic Substances by NMR Spectroscopy.

Nitrification inhibitors (NI) represent a valid chemical strategy to retard nitrogen oxidation in soil and limit nitrate leaching or nitrogen oxide emission. We hypothesized that humic substances can complex NI, thus affecting their activity, mobility, and persistence in soil. Therefore, we focused on 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) by placing it in contact with increasing concentrations of model fulvic (FA) and humic (HA) acids.

Transcatether Aortic Valve Implantation to Treat Degenerated Surgical Bioprosthesis: Focus on the Specific Procedural Challenges.

Actually transcatheter aortic valve implantation within failed surgically bioprosthetic valves (VIV-TAVI) is an established procedure in patients at high risk for repeat surgical aortic valve intervention. Although less invasive than surgical reintervention, VIV-TAVI procedure offers potential challenges, such as higher rates of prosthesis-patient mismatch and coronary obstruction. Thus, optimal procedural planning plays an important role to minimize the risk of procedure complications.

Pledget-assisted hemostasis to fix residual access-site bleedings after double pre-closure technique.

Background: The use of pre-closure suture-based devices represents a widely access-site hemostasis technique in percutaneous transfemoral transcatheter-aortic-valve-replacement (TF-TAVR); yet this technique is associated with the risk of a device failure that may result in clinically relevant residual bleeding. Thus, a bailout intervention is needed. So far, the best management of pre-closure device failure has not been recognized.

Clinical impact of the extent of jeopardized myocardium in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve intervention.

Introduction And Objectives: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is found in 30%-50% of patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) undergoing treatment. The best management of CAD in AS patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is still unclear. We investigated the clinical impact of the extent of jeopardized myocardium in patients with concomitant CAD and severe AS treated by TAVI.

Acute haemodynamic impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic stenosis.

Aims: There are limited data about the intraprocedural haemodynamic study performed immediately before and after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). We aimed to evaluate the acute haemodynamic impact of TAVI in patients with severe AS and to investigate invasive and non-invasive parameters predicting all-cause mortality.

Methods And Results: A total of 245 consecutive AS patients (43% male, mean age 80.

Valorization of lignins from energy crops and agro-industrial byproducts as antioxidant and antibacterial materials.

Background: Developing eco-friendly antioxidant and antimicrobial substances originating from biomass residues has recently attracted considerable interest. In this study, two lignosulfonates and various oxidized water-soluble lignins were investigated for their antioxidant properties, as assessed by ABTS, DPPH and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, and their antimicrobial activity against some bacterial strains responsible for human pathologies.

Results: The lignosulfonates showed the largest antiradical/antimicrobial capacity, whereas the other substrates were less effective.

A study on structural evolution of hybrid humic Acids-SiO nanostructures in pure water: Effects on physico-chemical and functional properties.

Humic acids (HA) are considered a promising and inexpensive source for novel multifunctional materials for a huge range of applications. However, aggregation and degradation phenomena in aqueous environment prevent from their full exploitation. A valid strategy to address these issues relies on combining HA moieties at the molecular scale with an inorganic nanostructured component, leading to more stable hybrid nanomaterials with tunable functionalities.

Erratum: Tran et al. Early Cellular Responses Induced by Sedimentary Calcite-Processed Particles in Bright Yellow 2 Tobacco Cultured Cells. , , 4279.

The authors would like to remove the scientific consortium 'Camille Nous' from the author list and the Author Contributions section in the published paper [...

Molecular properties of the Humeome of two calcareous grassland soils as revealed by GC/qTOF-MS and NMR spectroscopy.

A Humeomic fractionation revealed the humus molecular composition of two uncropped calcareous soils of Northern France and differentiated the soils Humeome by extracting humic components first unbound to the organo-mineral matrix and then liberated from their progressively stronger intermolecular and intramolecular ester and ether linkages. We separated organo- (ORG1-3) and water-soluble (AQU2 and AQU4) fractions, a final extractable fraction (RESOM) and soil residues. Organo-soluble fractions were studied by GC coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC/qTOF-MS), all fractions underwent mono- and two-dimensional liquid-state NMR (except for the iron-rich AQU4 fraction), while solid-state C-CPMAS-NMR spectroscopy analyzed soil residues.