Publications by authors named "Cangemi R"
Article Synopsis
- Low-grade endotoxemia, caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), is detected in COVID-19 patients, potentially promoting thrombosis through a pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant state.
- The study measured various biomarkers in 175 COVID-19 patients and 50 healthy controls, finding significantly elevated levels of markers like sNOX2-dp and D-dimer in COVID-19 patients, especially those with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
- Results suggest that factors like impaired gut barrier function, high NOX2 activation, and low albumin may lead to low-grade endotoxemia, increasing the risk of thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients.
Background And Aims: Hypoalbuminemia, as defined by serum albumin (SA) levels ≤35 g/L, is associated to venous and arterial thrombosis in general population and in patients at risk of cardiovascular disease. It is unknown if SA ≤35 g/L is also associated to portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in cirrhosis.
Methods: Cirrhotic patients enrolled in the Portal vein thrombosis Relevance On Liver cirrhosis: Italian Venous thrombotic Events Registry (PRO-LIVER) study (n = 753), were followed-up for 2 years to assess the risk of PVT, that was diagnosed by Doppler ultrasonography.
Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a peptide hormone produced primarily in the adrenal glands, playing a crucial role in various physiological processes. As well as improving vascular integrity and decreasing vascular permeability, ADM acts as a vasodilator, positive inotrope, diuretic, natriuretic and bronchodilator, antagonizing angiotensin II by inhibiting aldosterone secretion. ADM also has antihypertrophic, anti-apoptotic, antifibrotic, antioxidant, angiogenic and immunoregulatory effects and antimicrobial properties.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cortisol levels, oxidative stress, and lower cerebral performance seem to be closely related. This study aimed to evaluate the question of whether exam stress affected oxidative stress and endothelial function parameters in the salivary samples of students.
Methods: A total of 114 healthy students were recruited.
Purpose: Patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) may have a higher risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation (NOAF). The CHEST score was developed to evaluate the NOAF risk in the general population. Data on the value of the CHEST score in acute patients admitted with CAP are lacking.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Hypoalbuminemia complicates acute diseases and infections and is associated with a worst prognosis. The aim is to evaluate whether hypoalbuminemia is associated with higher incidence and risk of thrombotic events in community-acquired pneumonia.
Methods: We retrospectively collected data from a prospective study investigating the incidence of thrombotic events in community-acquired pneumonia hospitalized patients from 2011 to 2016 at University-Hospital Policlinico Umberto I.
Background: Severe COVID-19 is associated with an excessive immunothrombotic response and thromboinflammatory complications. Vaccinations effectively reduce the risk of severe clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19, but their impact on platelet activation and immunothrombosis during breakthrough infections is not known.
Objectives: To investigate how preemptive vaccinations modify the platelet-immune crosstalk during COVID-19 infections.
Sepsis causes immune dysregulation and endotheliitis, with an increase in mid-regional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM). The aim of the study is to determine an MR-proADM value that, in addition to clinical diagnosis, can identify patients with localized infection or those with sepsis/septic shock, with specific organ damage or with the need for intensive care unit (ICU) transfer and prognosis. The secondary aim is to correlate the MR-proADM value with the length of stay (LOS).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with low-grade endotoxemia but its relationship with cardiovascular events (CVE) has not been investigated.
Methods: We evaluated the incidence of CVE including myocardial infarction, stroke, and cardiovascular death in 523 adult patients hospitalized for CAP. Serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and zonulin, a marker of gut permeability, were analyzed in the cohort, that was followed-up during hospitalization and up to 43 months thereafter.
Background: Adherence to healthy dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet (Med-diet), is recommended for the maintenance of cardiovascular health. The determinants for adherence to Med-diet and its importance in secondary cardiovascular disease prevention are still unclear. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of sex- and psycho-socio-cultural (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Acute heart failure (AHF) is a significant global health issue leading to hospitalizations, and accurate diagnosis and risk assessment are crucial for better patient outcomes; biomarkers like NT-proBNP and MR-proADM are increasingly being utilized for this purpose.
- A study comparing levels of NT-proBNP, MR-proADM, and C-reactive protein (CRP) in AHF patients and controls revealed that both NT-proBNP and MR-proADM levels were significantly higher in AHF patients, while CRP did not show a notable difference.
- The findings indicate that elevated NT-proBNP and MR-proADM levels are strong predictors of mortality and readmission in AHF patients, and using both biomarkers together enhances their predictive value
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates the relationship between flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a measure of endothelial function, and factors like NADPH oxidase type 2 (NOX-2) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (CP) compared to those with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and healthy controls.
- - Results show that patients with CP exhibited higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation markers (like TNF-α and IL-6) and lower FMD, indicating worsened endothelial function and increased health risks.
- - LPS is identified as a key predictor of FMD in CP patients, suggesting that low-grade endotoxemia in COVID-19 could enhance oxidative stress and
Background: Mechanisms of myocardial ischemia in obstructive and non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD), and the interplay between clinical, functional, biological and psycho-social features, are still far to be fully elucidated.
Objectives: To develop a machine-learning (ML) model for the supervised prediction of obstructive versus non-obstructive CAD.
Methods: From the EVA study, we analysed adults hospitalized for IHD undergoing conventional coronary angiography (CCA).
Background: Genetic-based COVID-19 vaccines have proved to be highly effective in reducing the risk of hospitalization and death. Because they were first distributed in a large-scale population, the adenoviral-based vaccines were linked to a very rare thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome, and the interplay between platelets and vaccinations increasingly gained attention.
Objectives: The objective of this article was to study the crosstalk between platelets and the vaccine-induced immune response.
PaO/FiO (P/F ratio) is considered a marker of hypoxia/hypoxemia and mortality. Several prothrombotic changes are associated with the decrease of P/F ratio. The role of P/F ratio in patients with arterial and venous thrombosis remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) frequently leads to complications like new-onset atrial fibrillation (newAF), which is associated with higher mortality, especially in critically ill patients.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of 10 studies involving 280,589 CAP patients revealed that the overall prevalence of newAF in these patients is 7.6%.
- Patients who developed newAF during their hospitalization for CAP were found to have an increased risk of mortality in both the short and long term, highlighting its significance as a common yet serious complication.
Article Synopsis
- There is a growing recognition of how sex and gender impact the development and progression of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), a common respiratory illness affecting all age groups.
- While differences related to sex and gender in CAP have been suggested, there is still a lot of uncertainty regarding their actual effects on the disease's epidemiology and clinical outcomes.
- This review seeks to summarize current findings on sex and gender influences in CAP and COVID-19, including their implications for treatment and future research opportunities.
Vaccine-induced immunity is a key strategy in the long-term control of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of our study was to explore the relationship between mRNA vaccine-induced antibodies and gender-sensitive variables among healthcare workers. Two thousand-sixty-five volunteers who received the BNT162b2 vaccine were enrolled in the study and followed up.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Data on the interplay between sexual hormones balance, platelet function and clinical outcomes of adults with ischemic heart disease (IHD) are still lacking.
Objective: To assess the association between the Testosterone (T)-to-Estradiol (E2) Ratio (T/E2) and platelet activation biomarkers in IHD and its predictive value on adverse outcomes.
Methods: The EVA study is a prospective observational study of consecutive hospitalized adults with IHD undergoing coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary interventions.
Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related pneumonia is associated with venous and arterial thrombosis. Aim of the study was to find out a new score for predicting thrombosis in patients with SARS-CoV-2.
Methods: We included a cohort of 674 patients affected by SARS-CoV-2, not requiring intensive care units, and followed-up during the hospitalization until discharge.
Aims: The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis on the epidemiology of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and the risk of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) and ischaemic stroke (IS) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Methods And Results: PubMed and EMBASE databases were systematically searched from inception to 6 March 2021. All studies reporting the prevalence of CMBs and incidence of ICH and IS in AF patients with and without CMBs were included.