Surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy after response to induction chemotherapy in patients with peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) with peritoneal metastases (PM) has a dismal prognosis and to date only a few management options have been reported. Of those, cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after induction bidirectional intraperitoneal and systemic chemotherapy (BIPSC) appear as a promising treatment option for these patients. Outcome data including safety and efficacy of CRS with radical Gastrectomy and HIPEC after response to combination of laparoscopic HIPEC (LHIPEC) with BIPSC as an induction therapy in patients with PM of GC was evaluated in this retrospective observational study.

Curcumin and piperine loaded zein-chitosan nanoparticles: Development and in-vitro characterisation.

Curcumin as the active compound of turmeric has antioxidative, antiinflammatory, antimicrobial and anticancer properties among others. However, its disadvantageous properties like low solubility, poor bioavailability and rapid degradation under neutral or alkaline pH conditions or when exposed to light limit its clinical application. These problems can be solved by a smart combination of using a natural enhancer like piperine and preparing nanoparticles by a proper method like electrospray.

Combination of zoledronic acid and serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors induces synergistic cytotoxicity and apoptosis in human breast cancer cells via inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) in combination with serine/threonine protein phosphatase inhibitors, calyculin-A (CA) and okadaic acid (OA), in human MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. XTT cell viability assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity. DNA fragmentation and caspase-3/7 activity assays were performed to evaluate apoptosis.

The Role of Body Mass Index in Triple Negative Breast Cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has none of the targeted treatment choices due to its distinct biological property, making this subtype a unique disease. In this study, we evaluated the impact of obesity on clinical outcomes of TNBC.

Methods: The data of breast cancer patients admitted to our department were collected.

Zoledronic acid increases cytotoxicity by inducing apoptosis in hormone and docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer cell lines.

Our aim was to investigate the possible synergistic/additive cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of combination of docetaxel and zoledronic acid (ZA), in PC-3 hormone-refractory prostate cancer cells (HRPC), as well as their docetaxel-resistant sublines. We established a docetaxel-resistant cell line (PC-3R) from PC-3 prostate cancer cells, by intermittent exposure to increasing concentrations of docetaxel in vitro. We then examined the effect of ZA and docetaxel on cell proliferation in both PC-3 and PC-3R prostate cancer cells.

Nine weeks versus 1 year adjuvant trastuzumab in patients with early breast cancer: an observational study by the Turkish Oncology Group (TOG).

Background: Optimal duration of adjuvant trastuzumab in early breast cancer is an unresolved issue. In this observational study, we compared the outcome of 9 weeks and 1 year adjuvant trastuzumab in early breast cancer patients in Turkey.

Methods: Records of 680 patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer who received adjuvant trastuzumab plus chemotherapy were obtained and patients were followed up to compare the disease-free survival (DFS) outcome of 9 weeks versus 1 year trastuzumab.

Combination of AT-101/cisplatin overcomes chemoresistance by inducing apoptosis and modulating epigenetics in human ovarian cancer cells.

We investigated the effects of AT-101/cisplatin combination treatment on the expression levels of apoptotic proteins and epigenetic events such as DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) and histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme activities in OVCAR-3 and MDAH-2774 ovarian cancer cells. XTT cell viability assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity. For showing apoptosis, both DNA Fragmentation and caspase 3/7 activity measurements were performed.

Zoledronic acid in combination with serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors induces enhanced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell lines by decreasing the activities of PP1 and PP2A.

Unlabelled: What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed among elderly men. Current standard of care with surgery, chemotherapy or radiation in prostate cancer patients are of limited efficacy, especially in the androgen refractory state of the disease, and unfortunately metastatic disease remains incurable. Skeletal metastases are the most common site for metastases for prostate cancer and bisphosphonates have been widely used for the treatment of morbidity due to skeletal related events.

Comparing time to disease progression of irinotecan and oxaliplatin-based chemotherapies in colorectal cancer patients with liver only metastasis.

Objectives: The liver is the most common metastatic site in colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we evaluated if there is any difference between first-line irinotecan-based and oxaliplatin-based chemotherapies in the duration of time to disease progression (TTP) in CRC patients with only liver metastasis.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with metastatic CRC referred to the Medical Oncology Department at the Faculty of Medicine of Ege University, between January 2002 and December 2010.

The frequency and significance of radiologically detected indeterminate pulmonary nodules in patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective: To investigate the frequency and significance of pulmonary nodules in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Subjects And Methods: Medical records of 1,344 patients with CRC who underwent thoracic computerized tomography scans between January 2003 and December 2009 were reviewed. Those with any distant metastatic disease or who were already known to have pulmonary malignancies were excluded.

Pretreatment with AT-101 enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis of breast cancer cells by inducing death receptors 4 and 5 protein levels.

Purpose: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF superfamily and has been shown to induce extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in many types of cancer cells. AT-101, an (-)-enantiomer of gossypol, is a potent anticancer agent that is shown to be an inhibitor of Bcl-2/Bcl-XL. In this study, we searched whether pretreatment with either of these drugs would result in the enhancement of apoptosis through induction of death receptors and activation of mitochondrial pathways within breast cancer cells.

p53 protein accumulation and presence of visceral metastasis are independent prognostic factors for survival in patients with metastatic inflammatory breast carcinoma.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the markers of prognosis in metastatic inflammatory breast cancer (IBC).

Subjects And Methods: The prognostic value of patients' clinical characteristics and expression of c-erbB-2, p53, Ki-67, ER and PgR were assessed in the 45 patients with IBC who had developed distant metastasis. Immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expression of c-erbB-2, p53, Ki-67, ER and PgR in surgical resection specimens of the patients' primary tumor.

Comparison of XTT and Alamar blue assays in the assessment of the viability of various human cancer cell lines by AT-101 (-/- gossypol).

This study compared the two different commercially available in vitro viability assays: XTT and Alamar blue (AB), to detect anti-proliferative effects of AT-101, a cotton plant extract, on six different human carcinoma cell lines including: prostate (PC-3 and DU-145), breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), and ovary (OVCAR-3 and MDAH 2774) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Cells were exposed to AT-101 in the concentration range of 2.5-40 µM for 24, 48, and 72 h.

Gossypol exerts its cytotoxic effect on HL-60 leukemic cell line via decreasing activity of protein phosphatase 2A and interacting with human telomerase reverse transcriptase activity.

In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential relationship between gossypol-induced cytotoxicity of human promyelocytic leukemia cell line (HL-60) leukemic cells and intracellular serine/threonine protein phosphatase (PP) dynamics and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) activity. Gossypol was found to be cytotoxic in HL-60 cells with the IC(50) dose of 4.5 microM.

Regulation of apoptosis-related molecules by synergistic combination of all-trans retinoic acid and zoledronic acid in hormone-refractory prostate cancer cell lines.

We report that all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in combination with zoledronic acid has strong synergistic cytotoxic and apoptotic effects against human hormone- and drug-refractory prostate cancer cells, PC-3 and DU-145, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. We further investigated the effect of the combination treatment on the apoptotic process by both oligoarray and protein array analysis in DU-145 cells, in which the drug combination shows much more strong synergistic effects, as compared to PC-3 cells. Moreover, we have also performed real time-PCR array analysis to validate oligoarray results.

Comparison of inflammatory breast cancer and noninflammatory breast cancer in Western Turkey.

Objective: The study was aimed at investigating the clinical and biological features and survival outcomes of patients who were treated for metastatic inflammatory and noninflammatory breast carcinoma.

Subjects And Methods: One hundred and sixty-seven metastatic breast cancer patients were enrolled into this study and divided into two groups: inflammatory (n = 46) and noninflammatory (n = 121). The clinical and hormone receptor status, c-erbB-2, Ki-67, and p53 expression, based on the immunohistochemical staining patterns, were compared between the two groups.

Comparison of the clinical and pathological features between patients with recurrent metastatic breast carcinoma and patients with initially metastatic breast carcinoma.

Objective: To compare initial metastatic breast carcinoma (MBC) with recurrent MBC and assess their biologic phenotypes and clinical behaviors.

Methods: A comparison of clinical and biological characteristics and median overall survival times were assessed in the 251 patients with MBC at the Division of Medical Oncology, Ege University School of Medicine, and the Division of Radiation Oncology, Tepecik Government Hospital, Izmir, Turkey between 1995 and 2004. Hormone receptors, c-erbB-2, Ki-67, and p53 expressions were performed by immunohistochemistry.

Risk factors for central nervous system metastasis in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Aims: Patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and central nervous system (CNS) involvement have an impaired survival and quality of life. In this study, we investigated the risk factors for CNS metastasis among patients with MBC.

Methods: The risk factors for development of CNS metastasis were analyzed in 154 patients with MBC.

Efficacy of lower dose capecitabine in patients with metastatic breast cancer and factors influencing therapeutic response and outcome.

Objective: Capecitabine exerts considerable therapeutic efficacy in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients previously treated with anthracyclines and taxanes.

Materials And Methods: In this study, the efficacy and safety of lower dose capecitabine (2000 mg/m(2)/d) in patients with anthracycline- and taxane-pretreated MBC were studied with a special emphasis on the potential predictors of time to tumor progression (TTP) and response to the capecitabine treatment.

Results: The overall response rate (ORR) was 17%.

Gemcitabine treatment in patients with inoperable locally advanced/metastatic pancreatic cancer and prognostic factors.

Objective: Most patients with pancreatic cancer show an inoperable locally advanced/ metastatic tumour at the time of diagnosis. The present study was aimed at determining the prognostic factors in patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma treated with gemcitabine.

Material And Methods: Sixty-seven unresectable or metastatic pancreatic cancer patients treated with gemcitabine were included in the study and a total of 258 cycles of treatment were applied.

Topotecan in platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer.

Background: Topotecan has been emerged as a new promising anticancer drug for patients with ovarian cancer.

Methods: In this study, patients who were treated with topotecan were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 26 patients was included the study.

Preparation of arsenic trioxide-loaded microemulsion and its enhanced cytotoxicity on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line.

In this study, an injectable microemulsion of arsenic trioxide (As2O3-M) was prepared for intratumoral injection and the suppressive effect of As2O3-loaded microemulsion on human breast cancer cells MCF-7 was compared with those of a solution of the drug. Microemulsion was made up of soybean oil as oil phase, a mixture of Brij 58 and Span 80 as surfactants, absolute ethanol as cosurfactant, and bidistilled water containing As2O3 solution as the aqueous phase. Microemulsion formulation contains 5 x 10(-6) M As2O3.

Differential effects of doxorubicin and docetaxel on nitric oxide production and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

Anthracyclines and docetaxel are frequently used agents in the chemotherapy of breast cancer. In this study we examined the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression during the cytotoxicity of these drugs in the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Cell viability and cytotoxicity were evaluated by the trypan blue dye exclusion method.

Alterations in the activity and expression of serine/threonine protein phosphatases during all trans retinoic acid-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells.

Retinoids exert different effects on malignant cells with various phenomena. They can induce differentiation and apoptosis in various cancer cells. However, the underlying mechanism of these effects is not clear.

Which dosing scheme is suitable for the taxanes? An in vitro model.

The discovery and development of the taxane class of antitumor compounds represent significant advances in the treatment of patients with a variety of malignancies. These drugs are effectively used in the treatment of breast cancer. In this study we evaluated the efficacy of fractionated usage of both paclitaxel and docetaxel as a single agent in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7.