The Effects of Proanthocyanidin on Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoidal Hemorrhage in Rats.

Aim: Delayed ischemic neurological deficit (DIND) and cerebral vasospasm (CV) remain the most common and debilitating neurological complications following aneurysmal subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SAH). Many reports demonstrate the importance of proanthocyanidins (PR) on the vascular system, including endothelium-dependent relaxation of blood vessels. These effects of PR on the cerebral vascular system were examined in this study.

Biphasic Pulmonary Blastoma Associated with Cerebral Metastasis.

Pulmonary blastoma is a very rare malignant tumor of the lungs. A biphasic pulmonary blastoma was histologically diagnosed by a characteristic finding as it was mainly constituted of immature tumor tissue that had both epithelial and mesenchymal components. We present a case of a 68-year-old man with biphasic pulmonary blastoma.

A extremely rare case of cervical intramedullary granuloma due to Brucella accompanied by Chiari Type-1 malformation.

Chiari Type-1 malformation is displacement of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum into the cervical spine and usually does not exceed the level of C2. It is 50-70% associated with syringomyelia. Nervous system involvement due to brucellosis is called neurobrucellosis, and neurological involvement rate has been reported an average of 3-5%, ranging between 3% and 25% at different series.

Core curriculum (CC) of spinal surgery: a step forward in defining our profession.

Objective: The aim our study was to establish a core curriculum (CC) for spine surgery incorporating knowledge, skills and attitudes to help define spine surgery as a medical specialty and serve as a guide for specific spine surgery training.

Methods: A committee was established to prepare the CC. Five modules were established; Basic Sciences, Spinal Trauma, Degenerative Spine Diseases, Destructive Spine Pathologies and Spinal Deformity.

Tuberculoma in the medulla oblongata and medulla spinalis: two case reports.

Background: Central nervous system tuberculosis remains a prevalent problem in developing countries. Also, this disease has been an important problem in developed countries due to the increased incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Tuberculosis of the central nervous system is seen in 10% of immunocompetent patients with primary tuberculosis.

Intraosseous angiolipoma of the frontal bone with a unique location: a clinical and pathological case illustration and review of the literature.

Here, we report a case of a 16-year-old female patient was referred with scalp swelling and headache. Her neurological examination was normal and imaging of the skull revealed a well-defined lytic lesion measuring 15 mm × 6 mm to the right of the frontal bone. She was operated on with a prediagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

The retrospective analysis of the effect of balloon kyphoplasty to the adjacent-segment fracture in 171 patients.

Study Design: Analysis of the adjacent-segment fractures in 171 balloon kyphoplasty (BK)-performed patients.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the risk factors for new symptomatic vertebral compression fractures (VCF) after BK.

Summary Of Background Data: Although there are many studies about the incidence and possible risk factors for occurrence of adjacent-level fractures, there is no consensus on the increased risk of adjacent-level fractures after BK.

Unilateral percutaneous pedicle screw instrumentation with minimally invasive TLIF for the treatment of recurrent lumbar disk disease: 2 years follow-up.

Aim: To compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of recurrent disk disease in patients who underwent unilateral and bilateral percutaneous pedicle screw instrumentation with Mis-TLIF.

Material And Methods: 10 patients treated with unilateral percutaneous instrumentation plus Mis-TLIF formed Group 1 while the other 10 patients treated with bilateral percutaneous instrumentation plus Mis-TLIF formed Group 2. Clinical outcomes were graded using the visual analog scale (VAS) and the Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores.

Application of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in an asthmatic pregnant woman in respiratory failure: a case report.

The use of non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) during an asthma attack is controversial. We report a case of a 28-year-old female patient in her 16th week of pregnancy with community-acquired pneumonia who presented during an asthma attack, which led to hypoxic respiratory failure. She was successfully treated using NIV.

Minocycline treatment inhibits lipid peroxidation, preserves spinal cord ultrastructure, and improves functional outcome after traumatic spinal cord injury in the rat.

Study Design: A prospective, randomized experimental research.

Objective: To evaluate the short- and long-term neuroprotective effects of minocycline on the secondary injury process of an experimental traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) model.

Summary Of Background Data: Traumatic SCI is a devastating problem of health that results in high morbidity and mortality rates.

Osteoblastoma of C2 Corpus: 4 Years Follow-up.

Osteoblastomas are rare neoplasms of the spine. The majority of the spinal lesions arise from the posterior elements and involvement of the corpus is usually by extension through the pedicles. An extremely rare case of isolated C2 corpus osteoblastoma is presented herein.

Transforaminal epidural steroid injection via a preganglionic approach for the treatment of lumbar radicular pain.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) for lumbar radiculopathy with respect to effect of injection levels, gender, and age group.

Material And Methods: Hundred-fifty-three consecutive patients who underwent to lumbar TFESI were enrolled. The outcomes were measured by using a visual numeric scale (VNS), NASS and EQ-5D.

The effect of Kinesiotape application on functional performance in surgeons who have musculo-skeletal pain after performing surgery.

Aim: Surgeons make up a unique group that is at risk for developing work-related musculoskeletal symptoms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Kinesiotape technique on pain and functional performance in surgeons who have musculoskeletal system pain after performing surgery.

Material And Methods: 32 surgeons between the ages of 27 and 44 yrs working in a university hospital were included.

Comparison of E-selectin and the other inflammatory markers in lumbar disc herniation: a new promising therapeutical window for radicular pain.

Study Design: Histopathologic and immunohistochemical analysis of the herniated disc specimens obtained from 50 patients who had unilateral persistent radicular pain or unilateral radicular motor paresis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of inflammatory cells in lumbar disc herniations (LDH) and compare the prevalence of leukocyte adhesion protein "E-selectin" with other inflammatory cells such as T cells, B cells, and macrophages.

Summary Of Background: Studies on inflammatory cells and biochemical mediators of inflammation have suggested that these factors may play an important role in pathophysiology of radicular pain, and the medical therapy was formed against to block these cells and inflammatory cytokines.

Dual anca positivity in a child with moyamoya-like cerebral vascular changes: an unusual presentation with sudden homonymous hemianopsia.

A 12-year-old girl presented with a sudden decrease in her right visual acuity and homonymous hemianopsia. An angiography of the retinal arteries demonstrated recanalized occlusion of the right retinal artery. Cerebral angiography showed bilateral internal carotid artery stenosis associated with the development of collateral circulation.

Ulnar nerve entrapment in Guyon's canal due to recurrent carpal tunnel syndrome: case report.

Guyon's canal syndrome is a compression neuropathy of the ulnar nerve entrapment at the wrist. Compression of the ulnar nerve at the wrist by a ganglion, lipomas, diseases of the ulnar artery, fractures of the hamate and trauma are common etiologcal factors. Unlike Guyon's canal syndrome, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common nerve entrapment of the upper extremity.

Spinal metastasis of occult lung carcinoma causing cauda equine syndrome with lumbar spinal stenosis.

Aim: Cancers that metastasize to the cauda equina are uncommon. Only seventeen cases were reported. Those from pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma was never been published to our knowledge.

Dysfunctional segmental motion treated with dynamic stabilization in the lumbar spine.

Objective: To determine the suitability of the application of dynamic stabilization (DS) as a nonfusion technique to address dysfunctional segmental motion (DSM) in the lumbar spine.

Methods: Over a 1-year period, 25 patients were treated with the same assessment and surgical protocol. Inclusion criteria were clinical presentation of DSM with or without stenosis.

Antithrombin III and enoxaparin treatment inhibit contusion-triggered cell death, inflammation, hemorrhage and apoptosis after severe traumatic brain injury in rats.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to show the neuroprotective effects of AT III and Enoxaparin after severe traumatic brain injury.

Material And Methods: The animals were divided into four groups as Group 1; control group, Group 2; trauma group, Group 3; AT III group and Group 4; Enoxaparin group. Severe trauma was performed by the weight dropping technique.

Simple decompression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow via proximal and distal mini skin incisions.

The purpose of the present study was to describe a new minimally invasive surgical technique for decompression of the ulnar nerve at the elbow for treatment of cubital tunnel syndrome. Four patients underwent surgical treatment for cubital tunnel syndrome. Preoperative clinical states were classified by using the McGowan grading system and the postoperative states were recorded by using the Wilson and Krout grading system.

Spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage: Does surgery benefit comatose patients?

Introduction: Treatment of spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) is still controversial. We therefore analyzed the comatose patients diagnosed as having spontaneous SICH and treated by surgery.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the collected data of 25 comatose patients with initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) ≤ 8 diagnosed as having spontaneous SICH and they had been treated by surgical evacuation between 1996 and 2008.

Brucellar discitis as a cause of lumbar disc herniation: a case report.

Brucellosis is an infectious disease spread by consumption of non-pasteurized milk products or through contact with infected animals. Spinal involvement is one of the most important complications and the lumbar area is the most frequently affected site. Among the neurological consequences, nerve root compression can be a result of epidural abscess, granuloma or discitis secondary to vertebral body involvement.

Rare lesions of the cerebellopontine angle.

Vestibular schwannomas, meningiomas and epidermoids account for a vast majority of the lesions occurring in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Neoplastic and non-neoplastic pathologies other than these tumors constitute 1% of all lesions located in the CPA. The aim of this study was to reveal our experience in the treatment of the rare lesions of the CPA.