High-intensity intermittent exercise increases serum levels of chitinase 3-like protein-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in persons with multiple sclerosis.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) on serum levels of MMP-9 and CHI3L1 in multiple sclerosis. Study group received HIIE twice a week for 12 weeks, while control group received no treatment. In intra-group comparison, study group showed a significant increase in MMP-9 and CHI3L1 levels, while control group showed no significant difference.

Utilizing Aerobic Capacity Data for EDSS Score Estimation in Multiple Sclerosis: A Machine Learning Approach.

The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is the most popular method to assess disease progression and treatment effectiveness in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). One of the main problems with the EDSS method is that different results can be determined by different physicians for the same patient. In this case, it is necessary to produce autonomous solutions that will increase the reliability of the EDSS, which has a decision-making role.

The role of oligoclonal band count and IgG index in treatment response and disease activity in multiple sclerosis.

Background/aim: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease. Among the paraclinical tests, brain and spinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is primarily involved in the diagnosis process, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is fundamental in diagnosing MS and the differential diagnosis. A positive relationship was demonstrated between oligoclonal band (OCB) positivity, CSF band number and immunoglobulin G(IgG) index.

Retrospective analysis of effectiveness of fingolimod in real life setting in Turkey (REFINE).

Background: During multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment different modes of action such as lateral (interferon beta to glatiramer acetate or glatiramer acetate to interferon beta) or vertical (interferon beta/glatiramer acetate to fingolimod) drug switch can be performed. This study aims to investigate the clinical effectiveness of switching from the first-line injectable disease modifying treatments (iDMTs) to fingolimod (FNG) compared to switching between first-line iDMTs.

Methods: This is a multicenter, observational and retrospective study of patients with relapsing-remitting MS who had lateral and vertical switch.

Combined progressive functional exercise effect on contactin-1 and contactin-2 level in mildly disabled persons with multiple sclerosis.

Background: Although contactin-1 and contactin-2 are known as two proteins involved in axonal regeneration, it is unclear whether these proteins are induced by exercise in persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS).

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the serum levels of contactin-1 and contactin-2 in PwMS and to investigate the change of these markers with exercise.

Methods: A total of 60 participants with relapsing-remitting MS were divided into groups by stratified randomization.

Evaluation of neurological disorders that develop concurrently with COVID-19 pneumonia: a retrospective analysis.

Background: During the pandemic, many neurological symptoms have been evaluated as complications of COVID-19 pneumonia.

Objective: To investigate the frequency and characteristics of neurological findings, and their effects on the prognosis of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia who consulted with the Neurology department.

Methods: Data on 2329 patients who were hospitalized with the diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia in our hospital were scanned.

Aerobic exercise increases irisin serum levels and improves depression and fatigue in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. Although there is increasing evidence that aerobic exercise has a positive effect on both cognitive and psychological functioning, there is limited evidence for Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS) patients. Moreover, it is unclear at what exercise modality and intensity the irisin, the cleaved and circulating form of the exercise-associated membrane protein Fibronectin Type III Domain Containing 5, is induced in patients with MS.

Physical exercise may improve problem-solving skills and emotional intelligence in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Multiple sclerosis is a disease that can reduce the quality of life with a physical disability, neuropsychiatric disorders, and cognitive dysfunctions. Therefore, multiple sclerosis treatment should include treatments for cognitive and neuropsychiatric disorders and pharmacological treatments. This study aimed to examine the effects of exercise on neuropsychiatric disorders, problem-solving skills, and emotional intelligence in multiple sclerosis patients.

Validity and reliability of the 3-meter backward walk test in mildly disabled persons with multiple sclerosis.

Background: One of the biggest problems for persons with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) is dizziness, poor posture, and balance problems that cause injury-causing falls. The aim of our study was to reveal the test-retest reliability and validity of the 3-Meter Backward Walk Test (3MBWT) in mildly disabled PwMS.

Methods: This study included a total of 93 mildly disabled PwMS with mean EDSS of 1.

Restless legs syndrome affecting the head region: "restless head syndrome".

Objective: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a well-established disease that has recently been shown to have variants affecting the arms, face, abdomen, and genital area. To our knowledge, there has been no study reporting on the RLS variant affecting the head region.

Methods: The retrospective study reviewed a total of 460 patients who presented to Fırat University Medical School and were diagnosed as having RLS based on the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) criteria between June 2017 and January 2020.

Detection of ataxia in low disability MS patients by hybrid convolutional neural networks based on images of plantar pressure distribution.

Background: This study aimed to detect ataxia in patients with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) with a deep learning-based approach based on images showing plantar pressure distribution of the patients. The secondary aim of the study was to investigate an alternative and objective method in the early diagnosis of ataxia in these patients.

Methods: A total of 105 images showing plantar pressure distribution of 43 ataxic PwMS and 62 healthy individuals were analyzed.

Positive effects of ocrelizumab in patients with familial mediterranean fever and coexistent multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effects of ocrelizumab (OCZ) on familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) attacks in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with FMF (MS+FMF patients).

Patients And Methods: This retrospective observational study included 11 patients (2 males, 9 females; mean age 46.6±9.

The effect of aerobic exercise on Neurofilament light chain and glial Fibrillary acidic protein level in patients with relapsing remitting type multiple sclerosis.

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system in which disease activity can be monitored with some biomarkers. The aim of our study was to investigate serum Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Neurofilament Light Chain (NFL) in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients after the aerobic exercise. Methods A total of 38 participants with RRMS (Expanded Disability Status Scale: 1.

A case of syncopal convulsions triggered by glossopharyngeal neuralgia.

Syncopal convulsions and epileptic seizures are clinically hard to distinguish and differ in terms of treatment approaches. It is important to consider the cardiac arrhythmias that impair cerebral perfusion in the differential diagnosis of antiepileptic treatment-resistant convulsions. Here we offer a 72 year old male patient glossopharengial neuralgia after swallowing associated with recurrent episodes of syncopal convulsions.

Increased serum chemerin levels associated with carotid intima-media thickness.

Background: Elevated levels of chemerin can predict future ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Although chemerin is thought to play a role in atherosclerotic inflammation, whether circulating chemerin levels are associated with the severity of atherosclerosis remains to be determined.

Objectives: Through the use of carotid Doppler ultrasonography, our aim in this study was to investigate the relationships of serum chemerin levels with carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) as an indicator of generalized atherosclerosis.

Protective effect of pregabalin on the brain tissue of diabetic rats.

Purpose: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Pregabalin (PGB) is an antiepileptic drug with proven efficacy in the treatment of epilepsy, generalized anxiety disorder, and neuropathic pain. In this study, we aimed to investigate the protective effects of PGB in brain tissue of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced experimental diabetes.

S100B and neuron-specific enolase levels in episodic and chronic migraine.

Objectives: In recent years, radiological and biochemical data have emerged regarding the development of cellular damage in the brain of patients with migraine, calling into question what has traditionally been accepted as a benign disorder. In order to investigate whether cellular damage develops in the brain of episodic migraine patient, serum levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B have been evaluated in recent studies. However, contradictory results were obtained in these studies.

Neuropsychiatric changes during the COVID-19 pandemic in multiple sclerosis patients.

Background: This study reported on a variety of psychological reactions related to anxiety, sleep quality, depression, fatigue, and quality of life in individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), related to the Covid-19 quarantine experience.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the neuropsychiatric effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in MS patients and to analyze the risk factors contributing to psychological stress.

Methods: The study was designed as a prospective, cross-sectional survey study.

Analysis of Childhood Traumas and Defense Styles in Patients With Tension Headache.

Objective: Studies indicate that patients tend to develop chronic tension headache as a response to stress. The present study investigated the relationship between headache and the events that caused childhood traumas and defense styles, which could be considered as a significant source of stress in individuals with tension headache.

Methods: Fifty patients between the ages of 18 and 65 years diagnosed with tension headache were included in the present study.

Suboccipital steroid injection alone as a preventive treatment for cluster headache.

Background: Suboccipital steroid injection can be used as a preventive treatment for episodic and chronic cluster headache (CH). In recent studies, prophylactic treatment has been used in addition to suboccipital steroid injection. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effectivity of the sole use of rapid- and long-acting steroid injections without prophylactic treatment in patients with episodic and chronic CH.

Effects of Alpha Lipoic Acid on Loss of Myelin Sheath of Sciatic Nerve in Experimentally Induced Diabetic Rats.

Objectives: Diabetic neuropathy is the most frequent chronic complication of diabetes. It may attack to sensory, motor or autonomous fibers. Varied mechanisms account for the development of diabetic neuropathy such as metabolic disorders, microvascular damages, neurotrophic support deficit, alternation in neuro-immune interactions, neural and glial cell apoptosis, and inflammation.

Can we define migraine patients with blood high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and galectin-3 levels in the emergency department?

Introduction: Migraine, the most widespread cause of headache in young adults, is a frequent reason for presentation to emergency departments. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of serum galectin-3 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels in migraine patients.

Material And Methods: Serum galectin-3 and hsCRP levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 70 migraine patients and 70 healthy control subjects.

Undifferentiated headache: broadening the approach to headache in children and adolescents, with supporting evidence from a nationwide school-based cross-sectional survey in Turkey.

Background: Headache is a leading disabler in adults worldwide. In children and adolescents, the same may be true but the evidence is much poorer. It is notable that published epidemiological studies of these age groups have largely ignored headaches not fulfilling any specific set of ICHD criteria, although such headaches appear to be common.

Low prevalence of obesity in Behçet's disease is associated with high obestatin level.

Objective: Chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with altered body composition. Ghrelin has anti-inflammatory effects, and its level is altered in obesity and inflammatory diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of obesity and ghrelin and obestatin levels in patients with Behçet's disease (BD).