Women in Surgical Residency Programs in Brazil: A Trend Analysis.

Introduction: There is a gender gap in the surgical field worldwide. Brazil and low- and middle-income countries generally tend to have a more profound gap. Therefore, we aim to assess the gender distribution in Brazilian surgical residencies.

Women representation in academic and leadership positions in surgery in Brazil.

We aimed to analyze the representativeness of women surgeons in academic and leadership positions in Brazil. We investigated women representativeness across surgical departments of 25 Brazilian universities (2020); across boards of 10 Brazilian surgical societies (2020), and, as speakers, in 281 surgical events (Jan-2014 to Dec-2020). From 383 individuals in university departments, 43 (11.