Lipoprotein(a) and coronary artery calcium in comparison with other lipid biomarkers: The multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.

Background: Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring is often used for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk stratification in individuals with elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)].

Objective: To evaluate associations between Lp(a) and baseline CAC (volume/density) and CAC progression compared to other lipid biomarkers.

Methods: We utilized data from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a cohort study of individuals without clinical ASCVD, excluding statin users.

Cost-effectiveness of cascade genetic testing for familial hypercholesterolemia in the United States: A simulation analysis.

There is no coordinated cascade testing program for familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in the U.S. We evaluated the contemporary cost-effectiveness of cascade genetic testing relatives of FH probands with a pathogenic variant.

Familial hypercholesterolemia in Southeast and East Asia.

Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a relatively common autosomal dominant disorder associated with a significantly increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Most (~85-90%) cases are due to pathogenic variants in the LDL-receptor gene (), while the remaining are due to pathogenic variants in the apolipoprotein B () and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 () genes, though the proportion may vary depending on geographic location. Even though at least a quarter of the world's FH population lives in Southeast and East Asia, there are substantial gaps in knowledge regarding the epidemiology of FH due to low awareness, the absence of national screening programs, and limited availability of genetic testing.

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor utilization and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol control in familial hypercholesterolemia.

Background: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors were approved in August 2015 as an adjunct to maximally tolerated statin treatment in those with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).

Objective: To assess PCSK9 inhibitor utilization patterns and cholesterol control in the high-risk FH population.

Methods: This study was a retrospective analysis of a large administrative database that includes privately insured and Medicare Advantage patients.

The evaluation and management of patients with LDL-C ≥ 190 ​mg/dL in a large health care system.

Objectives: Patients with severe hyperlipidemia (low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥190 ​mg/dL) have a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and are more likely to have familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). We sought to determine how often health care providers recognize the implications of and adjust therapy for an LDL-C ≥190 ​mg/dL.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients with an LDL-C measurement in the medical record of a large health care system between November 2015 and June 2016.

Identifying Familial Hypercholesterolemia Using a Blood Donor Screening Program With More Than 1 Million Volunteer Donors.

Importance: Familial hypercholesterolemia is an autosomal-dominant disorder that often causes premature coronary artery disease. Unfortunately, familial hypercholesterolemia remains largely undiagnosed.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of familial hypercholesterolemia in a population of blood donors.