The Association between Body Composition Phenotype and Insulin Resistance in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome Patients without Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional, Single-Center Study.

Background: The most frequent body composition alterations in post-COVID-19 syndrome include low muscle mass, dynapenia, sarcopenia, and obesity. These conditions share interconnected pathophysiological mechanisms that exacerbate each other. The relationship between body composition phenotypes and metabolic abnormalities in post-COVID-19 syndrome remains unclear.

Endothelial biomarkers (Von willebrand factor, BDCA3, urokinase) as predictors of mortality in COVID-19 patients: cohort study.

Background: SARS-CoV-2 is a systemic disease that affects endothelial function and leads to coagulation disorders, increasing the risk of mortality. Blood levels of endothelial biomarkers such as Von Willebrand Factor (VWF), Thrombomodulin or Blood Dendritic Cell Antigen-3 (BDCA3), and uUokinase (uPA) increase in patients with severe disease and can be prognostic indicators for mortality. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of VWF, BDCA3, and uPA levels on mortality.

Impact of Body Composition and Sarcopenia on Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients.

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have alterations in body composition, such as low cell integrity, body cell mass, and disturbances in water distribution evidenced by higher impedance ratio (IR), low phase angle (PhA), as well as low strength, low muscle mass, and sarcopenia. Body composition alterations are associated with adverse outcomes. However, according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), the impact of these alterations on mortality in COPD patients is not well-established.

Plasma Endothelial and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Associated with Late Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.

Background: Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a significant public health problem worldwide. COVID-19 increases the risk of non-pulmonary complications such as acute myocardial injury, renal failure, thromboembolic events, and multi-organic damage. Several studies have documented increased inflammation molecules, endothelial dysfunction biomarkers, and dysregulation of coagulation factors in COVID-19 patients.

Association between body composition, sarcopenia and pulmonary function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by progressive and irreversible airflow limitation. Different factors that modify pulmonary function include age, sex, muscular strength, and a history of exposure to toxic agents. However, the impact of body composition compartments and sarcopenia on pulmonary function is not well-established.

The impact of hydration status and fluid distribution on pulmonary function in COPD patients.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients have alterations in body composition. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) evaluates body composition, hydration status, and fluid distribution. Subjects with fluid disturbances have been found to have lower FEV, respiratory muscle strength, and poor prognosis.

Right heart failure as a risk factor for severe exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Prospective cohort study.

Background: The prognosis in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) depends, in large part, on the frequency of exacerbations. Cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure (HF), are the risk factors for exacerbations. However, the importance of HF type over the exacerbations in COPD patients is unknown.

A randomized control trial for reduction of caloric and non-caloric sweetened beverages in young adults: effects in weight, body composition and blood pressure.

Introduction: Recently has been documented that the consumption of sweetened non-caloric beverages has increased as an option to weight control, however randomized control trials have demonstrated a modest weight loss.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of reducing consumption of beverage with caloric and non-caloric sweeteners on weight, body composition and blood pressure in young Mexican adults.

Methods: In an experimental study 148 nursing students were randomly assigned to one of 3 groups: 1) no sweetened beverages were permitted, only plain water, tea or coffee without sugar; 2) consumption of beverages with non-caloric sweeteners was allowed; and 3) no restriction of sweetened beverages was imposed.

Changes in body composition in heart failure patients after a resistance exercise program and branched chain amino acid supplementation.

Background & Aims: Heart Failure (HF) is a complex syndrome, which can include the physiological, neural hormonal and metabolic complications known as "Cardiac Cachexia" (CC). In the development of CC there is a release of catabolic cytokines (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, interleukins 1 and 6) that cause a decrease of fat free mass and fat mass. These changes in body composition might be reversed with a therapeutic combination of resistance exercise and branched chain amino acid supplementation (BCAA).

Risk factors for asymptomatic ventricular dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Objective. The aim of the study was to describe echocardiographic abnormalities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, concurrent systemic comorbidities, rheumatologic clinical activity, serologic markers of rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory activity. Methods.

Abnormal myocardial perfusion and risk of heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Diabetes is a major risk factor for heart failure (HF), although the pathophysiological processes have not been clarified.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of HF and of abnormal myocardial perfusion in diabetic patients evaluated using technetium (99m) sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography.

Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was conducted that included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who underwent echocardiography to diagnose HF and a pharmacological stress test with intravenous dipyridamole to examine cardiac scintigraphic perfusion abnormalities.

Effect of ivabradine on endothelial function in diastolic and right heart failure patients.

Background. Ivabradine is an If ion current inhibitor that has proved to reduce mortality in patients with systolic heart failure by slowing heart rate without decreasing myocardial contractility. Photoplethysmography is a simple, low-cost optical technique that can evaluate vascular function and detect changes in blood flow, pulse, and swelling of tissular microvascular space.

Low albumin levels and high impedance ratio as risk factors for worsening kidney function during hospitalization of decompensated heart failure patients.

Background: Patients hospitalized for decompensated heart failure (DHF) frequently experience worsening of renal function (WRF), leading to volume overload and resistance to diuretics.

Objective: To investigate whether albumin levels and whole-body impedance ratio, as an indicator of water distribution, were associated with WRF in patients with DHF.

Methods: A total of 80 patients hospitalized for DHF were consecutively included in the present longitudinal study.

Improvement of ventricular function in systolic heart failure patients with oral L-citrulline supplementation.

Background: The utility of L-arginine and L-citrulline in treatment of arterial hypertension by increasing vascular oxide nitric availability has been demonstrated. Photoplethysmography, a simple and low-cost optical technique, makes it possible to assess vascular function and to detect changes in blood flow, pulse and swelling of the microvascular tissular space. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of L-citrulline supplementation on functional class, ejection fraction and peripheral blood flow in patients with systolic heart failure.

Bioelectrical impedance phase angle as a prognostic marker in chronic heart failure.

Objective: The main purpose of the present study was to assess the prognostic value of the bioelectrical phase angle (PA) in patients with heart failure independently of other parameters of a poor prognosis.

Methods: This retrospective study included 389 patients with heart failure. Anthropometric, body composition, clinical, biochemical, and echocardiographic data were collected from all patients.

Effect of L-arginine or L-citrulline oral supplementation on blood pressure and right ventricular function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction.

Background: The effect of L-arginine and L-citrulline on blood pressure and right ventricular function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is unknown. We have therefore evaluated, in a randomized clinical trial, the effect of these aminoacids in chronic outstanding and stable patients with HFpEF.

Methods And Results: All patients underwent an echocardiogram and radioisotopic ventriculography rest/exercise, and were randomized in a consecutive manner to the L-arginine group (n = 15; 8 g/day); and the citrulline malate group (n = 15; 3 g/day).