Evaluation of tear and aqueous humor level, and genetic variants of connective tissue growth factor as biomarkers for early detection of pseudoexfoliation syndrome/glaucoma.

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) may lead to the development of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG), a potential cause of irreversible blindness, if left untreated. This type of glaucoma often presents with much higher intraocular pressure (IOP) values than observed in primary open angle glaucoma, and patients are often unaware of their condition. Therefore, early diagnosis is of utmost importance in PEX and PEG.

Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) promoter (-107T/C) and coding region (192Q/R and 55L/M) genetic variations in pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma risk.

Purpose: Pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX) is characterized by the accumulation of microscopic extracellular material in the anterior chamber of the eye and can lead to the development of pseudoexfoliative glaucoma (PEG) in some patients. The pathogenesis of PEX is not fully understood, and there are no objective biomarkers for its early diagnosis. Recent research has indicated that oxidative stress and inflammation might play a role in the pathophysiology of the production of pseudoexfoliation material.