Comparison of Postoperative Outcomes in Two Lip-Splitting Approaches for Buccal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Ablation.

Objectives: The choice of surgical access for resection and reconstruction of buccal squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) with the lip-splitting incision is controversial. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the clinical and functional outcomes of midline lip split with lazy-S incision (MLSI) against the lateral lip-splitting incision (LLSI).

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 41 patients with primary BSCC who underwent resection and reconstruction using MLSI approach (n = 19) and LLSI approach (n = 22) between 2022 and 2024.

MicroRNA-503 Suppresses Oral Mucosal Fibroblast Differentiation by Regulating RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway.

The abnormal proliferation and differentiation of oral mucosal fibroblasts (FBs) is the key to the progression of oral submucosal fibrosis. To clarify the mechanism of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB)-induced FBs fibrosis in oral mucosa, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used in this study to detect the expression of miR-503 and the expression of p-MEK, p-ERK, miR-503, RAF, smooth actin and type I collagen under different time and concentration stimulation of PDGF-BB. The effects of overexpression of miR-503 or RAF on the proliferation and migration of FBs were detected by cell counting kit 8 and cell scratch assay, respectively.

Altered metabolism in cancer: insights into energy pathways and therapeutic targets.

Cancer cells undergo significant metabolic reprogramming to support their rapid growth and survival. This study examines important metabolic pathways like glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, glutaminolysis, and lipid metabolism, focusing on how they are regulated and their contributions to the development of tumors. The interplay between oncogenes, tumor suppressors, epigenetic modifications, and the tumor microenvironment in modulating these pathways is examined.

mA modification in non-coding RNAs: Mechanisms and potential therapeutic implications in fibrosis.

N6-methyladenosine (mA) is one of the most prevalent and reversible forms of RNA methylation, with increasing evidence indicating its critical role in numerous physiological and pathological processes. mA catalyzes messenger RNA(mRNA) as well as regulatory non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs. This modification modulates ncRNA fate and cell functions in various bioprocesses, including ncRNA splicing, maturity, export, and stability.

Parotideomasseteric fascia flap is an effective management for prevention of postoperative salivary collection arising from radical surgery of oral cancer.

Salivary collection (SC) following surgery for oral cancer represents an underreported and unrecognized complication. Our study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of parotideomasseteric fascia flap (PFF) in preventing postoperative SC, comparing its effectiveness with other conventional methods. Between November 2019 and January 2023, 221 patients diagnosed with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) undergoing wide tumor ablation and neck dissection at Xiangya Hospital were included in the study.

Cellular Aging and Senescence in Cancer: A Holistic Review of Cellular Fate Determinants.

This comprehensive review navigates the complex relationship between cellular aging, senescence, and cancer, unraveling the determinants of cellular fate. Beginning with an overview of cellular aging's significance in cancer, the review explores processes, changes, and molecular pathways influencing senescence. The review explores senescence as a dual mechanism in cancer, acting as a suppressor and contributor, focusing on its impact on therapy response.

Oropharyngeal stenosis in patient with oral submucous fibrosis: a case report with 8-year follow-up.

Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic, progressive condition affecting the oral mucosa associated with areca nut consumption. It leads to restricted tongue movement, loss of papillae, blanching and stiffening of the mucosa, difficulty in opening the mouth, and challenges in eating due to inflammation and fibrosis. This report presents a rare case of oropharyngeal stenosis secondary to OSF in a 43-year-old male with a history of chewing betel nut.

Hallmarks of cancer resistance.

This review explores the hallmarks of cancer resistance, including drug efflux mediated by ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, metabolic reprogramming characterized by the Warburg effect, and the dynamic interplay between cancer cells and mitochondria. The role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in treatment resistance and the regulatory influence of non-coding RNAs, such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), are studied. The chapter emphasizes future directions, encompassing advancements in immunotherapy, strategies to counter adaptive resistance, integration of artificial intelligence for predictive modeling, and the identification of biomarkers for personalized treatment.

Targeting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling to overcome drug resistance in cancer.

This review comprehensively explores the challenge of drug resistance in cancer by focusing on the pivotal PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, elucidating its role in oncogenesis and resistance mechanisms across various cancer types. It meticulously examines the diverse mechanisms underlying resistance, including genetic mutations, feedback loops, and microenvironmental factors, while also discussing the associated resistance patterns. Evaluating current therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway, the article highlights the hurdles encountered in drug development and clinical trials.

Patient-reported outcomes after oral cancer reconstructions with radial and ulnar forearm-free flaps.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate patient-reported quality of life and incidence of decision regret in patients undergoing radial (RFFF) and ulnar forearm-free flaps (UFFF) reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: Patients undergoing either RFFF or UFFF were assessed with the University of Washington Quality of Life (UW-QOL) and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaires, and the Decision Regret Scale (DRS), both before and at least 12 months post-reconstruction.

Results: In total, 40 RFFF and 40 UFFF were included.

Predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine in breast cancer: targeting the PI3K pathway.

Breast cancer (BC) is a multifaceted disease characterized by distinct molecular subtypes and varying responses to treatment. In BC, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway has emerged as a crucial contributor to the development, advancement, and resistance to treatment. This review article explores the implications of the PI3K pathway in predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine for BC.

TLR9 activation induces immunosuppression and tumorigenesis via PARP1/PD-L1 signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, and metastasis and immunosuppression are responsible for the poor prognosis of OSCC. Previous studies have shown that poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)1 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of OSCC. Therefore, PARP1 may serve as an important research target for the potential treatment of OSCC.

5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for extensive oral leukoplakia with concomitant oral submucous fibrosis: A case report.

Background: Oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis are potentially malignant disorders of the oral cavity, with high rates of recurrence and malignant transformation. Notably, the malignant transformation rate of oral leukoplakia with concomitant oral submucous fibrosis is significantly higher than that of oral submucous fibrosis or oral leukoplakia alone. However, the management of these conditions is not well defined.

Lateral approach is a more aesthetical option for radical resection of BSCC: assessment of its surgical, oncological, functional, and aesthetic outcomes.

Background: The purpose of this study was to introduce a modified lateral approach for combined radical resection of buccal squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) and evaluate its surgical, oncological, functional, and aesthetic outcomes in comparison with the conventional lower-lip splitting approach.

Methods: This single-center study retrospectively reviewed 80 patients with BSCC, of which 37 underwent the lateral approach and 43 underwent the conventional approach. Surgical, functional, oncological, and aesthetic evaluations, as well as follow-ups, were recorded and compared.

Long Noncoding RNA LEMD1-AS1 Increases LEMD1 Expression and Activates PI3K-AKT Pathway to Promote Metastasis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: The survival rate of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is only 50% due to a high incidence of metastasis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in OSCC genesis and progression, although their potential role in the metastasis of OSCC remains unclear.

Methods: The transcriptome of 5 metastatic and 5 nonmetastatic OSCC samples were assessed by RNA sequencing.

Prognostic role of PD-L1 expression in patients with salivary gland carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been recognized as a potential marker in several cancers, the relationship between PD-L1 expression and survival in patients with salivary gland carcinoma (SGC) has remained unclear. We aimed to evaluate the association of PD-L1 expression with clinicopathological features and prognosis in SGC patients.

Methods: The databases Ovid Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and EMBASE were searched for relevant studies that detected PD-L1 expression in SGC.

Deviation Analyses of Computer-Assisted, Template-Guided Mandibular Reconstruction With Combined Osteotomy and Reconstruction Pre-Shaped Plate Position Technology: A Comparative Study.

Background: Computer-assisted and template-guided mandibular reconstruction provides higher accuracy and less variation than conventional freehand surgeries. The combined osteotomy and reconstruction pre-shaped plate position (CORPPP) technique is a reliable choice for mandibular reconstruction. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of CORPPP-guided fibular flap mandibular reconstruction and analyze the possible causes of the deviations.

Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Regulates the Biological Behavior of Oral Mucosal Fibroblasts by Inducing Cell Autophagy and Its Mechanism.

Objective: To explore the effect of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) on oral mucosal fibroblast autophagy and further elucidate the molecular mechanism by which PDGF-BB regulates the biological behavior of oral mucosal fibroblasts by inducing autophagy.

Methods: Primary oral mucosal fibroblasts were isolated and cultured by the tissue block and trypsin methods and identified by indirect immunofluorescence vimentin detection. We detected the autophagy marker Beclin-1 and fibrosis marker Col-I of the primary oral mucosal fibroblasts at different time points after stimulating the fibroblasts with different PDGF-BB concentrations by Western blotting and determined the best experimental concentration and stimulation time of PDGF-BB.

PDGF-BB induces conversion, proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis of oral mucosal fibroblasts through PDGFR-β/PI3K/ AKT signaling pathway.

Objective: To explore the pathogenesis of oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) by analyzing the impact of Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF)-BB on oral mucosal fibroblasts (FB) and PDGFR-β/Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/serine/threonine protein kinase (AKT) signaling pathway.

Methods: The isolated and purified oral mucosal fibroblasts were divided into four groups: the control group (CON, 10% FBS DMEM), the PDGF-BB group (40 ng/ml PDGF-BB), the PDGF-BB+IMA group (40 ng/ml PDGF-BB and 60 μmol/L IMA), and the PDGF-BB+LY294002 group (40 ng/ml PDGF-BB and 48 μmol/L LY294002). Primary human FB cells were isolated and cultured for detecting the effects of PDGF-BB on α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) by indirect immunofluorescence.

Dysfunction of the Prefrontal Cortex in Betel-Quid-Dependent Chewers.

Betel quid is the fourth most popular psychoactive agent worldwide. Imaging studies have found altered brain structure in prefrontal cortex (PFC) in betel-quid dependent (BQD) chewers. However, the brain function in PFC associated with BQ use still remains unclear.

Higher Trait Impulsivity and Altered Frontostriatal Connectivity in Betel-Quid Dependent Individuals.

: Betel quid dependency (BQD) is characterized by functional and structural brain alterations. Trait impulsivity may influence substance dependence by impacting its neurobiological underpinnings in the frontostriatal circuit. However, little is known about the trait impulsivity and its neural correlates in individuals with BQD.

Use of artificial intelligence to recover mandibular morphology after disease.

Mandibular tumors and radical oral cancer surgery often cause bone dysmorphia and defects. Most patients present with noticeable mandibular deformations, and doctors often have difficulty determining their exact mandibular morphology. In this study, a deep convolutional generative adversarial network (DCGAN) called CTGAN is proposed to complete 3D mandibular cone beam computed tomography data from CT data.