Pelvic parameters as prognostic factors of radiographic progression in classical Ankylosing Spondylitis: A prospective follow-up data.

Radiographic progression in Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is driven by mechanical strain. A well-balanced spine provides a favorable weight distribution across the entheses. Pelvic parameters are useful in assessing the shape of the spine.

Fisetin and/or capecitabine causes changes in apoptosis pathways in capecitabine-resistant colorectal cancer cell lines.

Capecitabine is recommended as one of the first-line chemotherapy treatments for advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer. Researches have been conducted on capecitabine's impact on the viability of human colon cancer cells and its potential to induce apoptosis. However, even in cases initially responsive to treatment, the development of acquired resistance significantly limits its efficacy.

Toward Precision Oncology in Glioblastoma with a Personalized Cancer Genome Reporting Tool and Genetic Changes Identified by Whole Exome Sequencing.

Precision/personalized medicine in oncology has two key pillars: molecular profiling of the tumors and personalized reporting of the results in ways that are clinically contextualized and triangulated. Moreover, neurosurgery as a field stands to benefit from precision/personalized medicine and new tools for reporting of the molecular findings. In this context, glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with limited treatment options and poor prognosis.

Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects of Niacin on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats.

Aim: To study the effects of niacin, a water-soluble vitamin, on inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptotic processes observed after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Material And Methods: A total of 25 Wistar albino male rats were randomly divided into control (n=9), TBI + Placebo group (n=9), TBI + niacin (500 mg/kg; n=7) groups. Mild TBI was performed under anesthesia by dropping a 300 g weight from a height of 1 meter onto the skull.

Phoenixin 14 ameloriates pancreatic injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by alleviating oxidative burden.

Phoenixin-14 (PNX) is a neuropeptide that has been shown to prevent oxidative damage and stimulates insulin secretion. We investigated the effects of PNX on pancreatic injury induced by streptozotocin (STZ), and nicotinamide (NAD). Male Sprague-Dawley rats, in control (C) and diabetic (STZ) groups, were treated with either saline, or PNX (0.

Neuroprotective Effect of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Antagonist in the Rat Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antagonists are known for their neuroprotective effects. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of PAI-1 antagonists in a rat mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) model. Sprague-Dawley male rats were grouped as sham (n = 7), TBI (n = 9), and TBI + PAI-1 antagonist (5 and 10 mg/kg TM5441 and TM5484; n = 6-7).

The Repertoire of Glycan Alterations and Glycoproteins in Human Cancers.

Cancer as the leading cause of death worldwide has many issues that still need to be addressed. Since the alterations on the glycan compositions or/and structures (i.e.

Protective effects of spironolactone against hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Objectives: In the present study, it was aimed to study the antioxidant effects of spironolactone (SPL) to determine its possible protective effects in hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury.

Material And Methods: Hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct of Wistar albino rats were clamped for 45 minutes under anesthesia to form an ischemia period. Then reperfusion was allowed and the rats were decapitated 60 minutes later.

Response Assessment With Molecular Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells and Plasma MicroRNA Profiling in Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Background: Cells detaching from the primary tumor site are metastasis initiator cells, and the detection of CTC, known as liquid biopsy, is an important test of biomarkers of cancer progression. We investigated the molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), profiled the plasma microRNA (miR) content, and analyzed the relationship with the clinical outcomes by sampling the peripheral blood from patients with locally advanced breast cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: Markers of breast cancer, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), drug resistance, and stem cells were used for CTC isolation and characterization.

Analyses of Copy Number Variations in Myxopapillary Ependymomas of Cauda Equina.

Aim: To identify the copy number variations that are specific to myxopapillary ependymomas (MPEs) of the cauda equina.

Material And Methods: The patient cohort included five patients who underwent resection of histologically confirmed MPEs. Tumor samples collected during surgery and stored in liquid nitrogen as well as corresponding blood samples collected were analyzed.

The impact of vitamin B12 deficiency on infant gut microbiota.

Although physiologic and neurologic consequences of micronutrient deficiencies have been addressed extensively, less is known about their impact on developing gut microbiota. Vitamin B12 deficiency is a common micronutrient deficiency in infants. We aimed to analyze the gut microbial composition of exclusively breastfed infants aged between 4 and 6 months with and without vitamin B12 deficiency by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Oestrogen receptor ERα and ERβ agonists ameliorate oxidative brain injury and improve memory dysfunction in rats with an epileptic seizure.

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? Could different hormonally active substances, including oestrogen receptor (ER) agonists, protect against oxidative brain damage and memory impairment induced by a single epileptic seizure in rats? If so, which signalling mechanisms are involved in their anti-inflammatory effects? What is the main finding and its importance? Chronic administration of oestrogen, progesterone, ER modulators/agonists or blockade of testosterone exhibited anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions on single seizure-induced neuronal injury, while ER agonists additionally improved memory function and up-regulated CREB signalling and hippocampal GABA(A)α1 receptor density, suggesting that ERα or ERβ receptor activation may be beneficial in protecting against seizure-related oxidative brain injury and cognitive dysfunction.

Abstract: The susceptibility to epileptic seizures is dependent on sex as well as fluctuations in oestrogen levels, while exogenous oestrogen was shown to have no effect or to facilitate or to inhibit seizure activity. Oestrogen receptors (ERs) mediate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions in several inflammatory models, but the involvement of ERs in seizure-induced neuronal injury has not been evaluated previously.

Role of TRF2 and TPP1 regulation in idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss.

Telomeres are the tandem repeats (TTAGGG) present at the ends of the chromosomes that ensure chromosome stability and protect chromosomes from degradation. Telomeres in somatic human cells shorten after every cellular division and are linked to the cellular senescence. In this study we have investigated telomere length and expression of shelterin genes in aborted fetus material from idiopathic recurrent pregnancy losses.

Protective effects of St. John's wort in the hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate possible protective effects of St. John's wort in the hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Material And Methods: The hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct were all clamped for 45 minutes to induce ischemia in rats, and after that reperfusion for 1 hour.

Correlation between the DNA methylation and gene expression of IGFBP5 in breast cancer.

Background: The insulin-like growth factor binding protein5 (IGFBP5) is often dysregulated in human cancers and considered neither a tumor suppressor nor an oncogene.

Objective: We aim to examine the reason of the changeable gene regulation of IGFBP5 in the case of methylation in breast cancer.

Methods: We used methyl-specific polymerase (MSP) chain reaction to detect CpG methylation of IGFBP5 promoter and exon-I in breast cancer and adjacent tissues.

Nesfatin-1 alleviates extrahepatic cholestatic damage of liver in rats.

Obstructive jaundice (OJ) can be defined as cessation of bile flow into the small intestine due to benign or malignant changes. Nesfatin-1, recently discovered anorexigenic peptide derived from nucleobindin-2 in hypothalamic nuclei, was shown to have anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects. This study is aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of nesfatin-1 on OJ in rats.

Clinical significance of miR-140-5p and miR-193b expression in patients with breast cancer and relationship to IGFBP5.

The functional role of IGFBP5 in breast cancer is complicated. Experimental and bioinformatics studies have shown that IGFBP5 is targeted by miR-140-5p and miR-193b, although this has not yet been proven in clinical samples. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of miR-140-5p and miR-193b in breast cancer and adjacent normal tissue and assess its correlation with IGFBP5 and the clinicopathological characteristics of the tumors.

Role of melatonin and luzindole in rat mammary cancer.

Background: Recent studies have analyzed the efficacy of various agents in experimental chemoprevention trials. In our study, the effects of melatonin (Mel) and its antagonist Luzindole (Luz) on Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in a NMU (N-methyl-N-nitrosourea)-induced rat mammary carcinoma model are investigated. We aim to demonstrate the relationship between Mel and HO-1.

Ghrelin alleviates spinal cord injury in rats via its anti-inflammatory effects.

Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to an inflammatory response that generates substantial secondary damage within the tissue besides the primary damage. Ghrelin, 28 amino-acid peptide, has been shown to modulate the release of proinflammatory cytokines and exert antiinflammatory effects. The aim of the current study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of ghrelin, in a rat model of SCI.

Meloxicam exerts neuroprotection on spinal cord trauma in rats.

Traumatic injury to the central nervous system results in the delayed dysfunction and neuronal death. Impaired mitochondrial function, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lipid peroxidation occur soon after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI), while the activation of compensatory molecules that neutralize ROS occurs at later time points. The aim of the current study was to investigate the putative neuroprotective effect of the COX2 inhibitor meloxicam in a rat model of SCI.

Neuroprotective effects of alpha-lipoic acid in experimental spinal cord injury in rats.

Background: Oxidative stress is a mediator of secondary injury to the spinal cord following trauma.

Objective: To investigate the putative neuroprotective effect of alpha-lipoic acid (LA), a powerful antioxidant, in a rat model of spinal cord injury (SCI).

Methods: Wistar albino rats were divided as control, vehicle-treated SCI, and LA-treated SCI groups.

The anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of ghrelin in subarachnoid hemorrhage-induced oxidative brain damage in rats.

To elucidate the putative neuroprotective effects of ghrelin in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced brain injury, Wistar albino rats (n = 54) were divided into sham-operated control, saline-treated SAH, and ghrelin-treated (10 microg/kg/d IP) SAH groups. The rats were injected with blood (0.3 mL) into the cisterna magna to induce SAH, and were sacrificed 48 h after the neurological examination scores were recorded.

Alpha lipoic acid alleviates oxidative stress and preserves blood brain permeability in rats with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

The neuroprotective effect of alpha lipoic acid (ALA; 100 mg/kg, po), a dithiol antioxidant, on experimentally induced subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was assessed in Wistar albino rats. Neurological examination scores recorded at the 48th h of SAH induction were increased in SAH groups, which were accompanied with significant increases in the formation of reactive oxygen species, DNA fragmentation ratios, malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase activity, while significant decreases in the brain glutathione content and Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity were observed. On the other hand, ALA treatment reversed all these biochemical indices as well as SAH-induced histopathological alterations.