Evaluating text and visual diagnostic capabilities of large language models on questions related to the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Atlas 5 edition.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) and multimodal LLMs in interpreting the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories and providing clinical management recommendations for breast radiology in text-based and visual questions.

Methods: This cross-sectional observational study involved two steps. In the first step, we compared ten LLMs (namely ChatGPT 4o, ChatGPT 4, ChatGPT 3.

Can large language models be new supportive tools in coronary computed tomography angiography reporting?

The advent of large language models (LLMs) marks a transformative leap in natural language processing, offering unprecedented potential in radiology, particularly in enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosis. While previous studies have explored the capabilities of specific LLMs like ChatGPT in cardiac imaging, a comprehensive evaluation comparing multiple LLMs in the context of CAD-RADS 2.0 has been lacking.

Comparison of Performance of Large Language Models on Lung-RADS Related Questions.

This study evaluates LLM integration in interpreting Lung-RADS for lung cancer screening, highlighting their innovative role in enhancing radiological practice. Our findings reveal that Claude 3 Opus and Perplexity achieved a 96% accuracy rate, outperforming other models.

Is it possible to reduce the complications and mortality of patients undergoing radical cystectomy? Effectiveness of pre-operative parameters. A prospective study.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between serum albumin, hematocrit (HTC), age-dependent Charlson comorbidity index, body mass index (BMI), and deleted operation time in predicting mortality and complications associated with radical cystectomy.

Materials And Methods: All patients planned for radical cystectomy owing to bladder cancer were investigated prospectively between 2015 and 2016 in our clinic. A total of 55 cases were included in the study.

Comparison of Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (Mini PCNL) and Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS) for the Minimal Invasive Management of Lower Caliceal Stones.

Purpose:   To evaluate the stone-free rates, quality of life, complications, use of fluoroscopy, analgesic requirements, a hospital stay following the management of lower calyceal with two different techniques (Mini Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy and Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery) in a prospective manner.

Material And Methods: 50 patients with a diagnosis lower pole 1-2 cm stone were included into the study and were randomized into two groups.(Mini PCNL n: 25) ( RIRS n: 25).

Prostate volume effect on Gleason score upgrading in active surveillance appropriate patients.

Introduction: Gleason Score (GS) upgrading rates in the literature are reported to be around 33-45%. The relationship between prostate volume and GS upgrading should be defined, aiming to reduce upgrading rates in patients with low risk groups who are eligible for active surveillance (AS) or minimally invasive treatment, by varying biopsy cores, or lengths of cores according to prostate volumes. In this regard, the aim of our study was to establish the relationship between prostate volume and GS upgrading.

Could ureteral wall thickness have an impact on the operative and post-operative parameters in ureteroscopic management of proximal ureteral stones?

Aim: To evaluate the possible impact of stone impaction in terms of ureteral wall thickness (UWT) on the success and procedure related parameters of ureteroscopic management in proximal ureteral calculi.

Patients And Methods: 82 patients with proximal ureteric stones were included and were divided into 2subgroups where UWT was> 5mm in 38 cases; and <5mm in 44 cases. Stone size, degree of hydronehrosis, diameter of proximal ureteral luz, UWT and patient's demographics were evaluated.

Renal access in PNL under sonographic guidance: Do we really need to insert an open end ureteral catheter in dilated renal systems? A prospective randomized study.

Purpose: To evaluate the true necessity of open end ureteral catheter insertion in patients with moderate to severe pelvicalyceal system dilation treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) under sonographic guidance.

Patients And Methods: 50 cases treated with PNL under sonographic guidance in prone position for solitary obstructing renal stones were evaluated. Patients were randomly divided into two groups; Group 1: Patients in whom a open end ureteral catheter was inserted prior to the procedure; Group 2: Patients receiving no catheter before PNL.

Efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of penile fracture: A controlled study.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with suspected penile fracture.

Materials And Methods: A total of 122 patients admitted to our inpatient clinic with a suspicion of penile fracture following a recent history of penile trauma and who underwent surgical exploration were included this study. A thorough physical examination, a detailed medical history, description of the trauma, and preoperative International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) scores were obtained for each patient prior to surgery.

Impaction and Prediction: Does Ureteral Wall Thickness Affect the Success of Medical Expulsive Therapy in Pediatric Ureteral Stones?

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of ureteral wall thickness (UWT) and stone-related parameters for medical expulsive therapy (MET) success with an alpha blocker in pediatric upper ureteral stones.

Patients And Methods: A total of 35 children receiving MET ureteral stones (<10 mm) were evaluated. Patients were divided into 2 subgroups where MET was successful in 18 children (51.