Rigid fixation and osteotomy design in frontal orbital advancement osteotomies.

The advantages rendered by corrective osteotomies that mobilize large segments of the craniofacial complex, including the forehead, orbits, and maxillae, exceed those of any partial correction in this particular region. This fact has been fully demonstrated in recent years by different authors. An inconvenience of early correction of major craniofacial deformities is relapse at the maxillary level, mainly because of the lack of adequate dental occlusion.

Coronary artery disease in blacks of lower socioeconomic status: angiographic findings from the Cook County Hospital Heart Disease Registry.

During a 4-year period, 1,022 blacks underwent angiography at our institution for the presumptive diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). Among the 454 men, at least one coronary stenosis was demonstrated in 288 cases (63%), while significant narrowing was found in 242 of 568 women (43%). Despite the frequent finding of normal coronary arteries, those patients with significant CAD had severe disease.

Differential effects of transforming growth factor-beta on proliferation of normal and malignant rat liver epithelial cells in culture.

Transforming growth factors (TGF-betas) have been shown to cause both stimulatory and inhibitory effects on cellular growth in a variety of normal and neoplastic cells. The nature of the inhibitory effects of TGF-beta on proliferation of different cell types is at present unclear. We have used freshly isolated rat hepatocytes, a normal diploid rat liver epithelial cell line (NRLM), and a subline (AFB) derived from it which was transformed in vitro by aflatoxin B1 to study the nature of TGF-beta-induced growth inhibition and its alteration following chemically induced neoplastic transformation.

Differential diagnosis of intrapericardial mass identified as venous ectasia.

The case of an infant with an intrapericardial mass identified as venous ectasia of the left cardinal vein is presented. Because of the few cases reported in the literature of this anomaly, we believe it is of interest to update its description as an intrapericardial venous cystic dilatation, congenital in origin, and unrelated to the pericardium or the heart. Our purpose is to describe this case as a hematic cyst arising from the ectasia dilatation of the left cardinal vein as an isolated entity originating in the fetal period.

Arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine: antitumor and cytotoxic properties.

Arabinofuranosyl-5-azacytosine (ara-AC), a nucleoside combining the structural elements of 5-azacytidine and arabinofuranosylcytosine, exhibited unusually wide therapeutic activity against several murine leukemias and all three human xenografts of the National Cancer Institute tumor panel. Activity was observed following either a daily or an intermittent regimen of treatment in the i.p.

Characterization of rat alveolar type II cells in vitro by immunological, biochemical, and morphological criteria.

Using an anti-rat surfactant apoprotein antiserum which specifically reacts with cytoplasmic structures in alveolar type II cells on histopathology sections of rat lung, we have examined the immunoreactivity of pulmonary type II cells in vitro. Single cell suspensions of lung tissue were prepared from male Fischer 344 rats by intratracheal elastase digestion according to standard published methods. Cytocentrifuged preparations of the resulting cell suspensions revealed that approximately 40% of the cells stained positive for surfactant apoprotein using an immunoperoxidase staining technique.

Impairment in auditory and visual function follows perinatal viral infection in the rat.

Acoustic startle reflexes are elicited by intense tone bursts but inhibited if weak bursts precede reflex elicitation. Rats were infected by intracerebral inoculation with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) at birth. Compared to control animals, infected animals had higher elicitation and inhibition thresholds and showed recruitment at intense stimulus levels.

Intrapericardial haematic cyst. A rare form of left superior vena cava atresia.

A 21 month old infant was found to have an intrapericardial haematic cyst at operation. This rare entity may be explained by a pouch-like dilatation of an atretic left superior vena cava.

Surgical treatment of the epicanthal fold.

A surgical technique is described for the correction of the epicanthal fold. Indications for its use are noted and emphasis is placed on its advantages. The procedure is simple to perform and uniformly gives good results.

Stability of tubulin polymers formed with dideoxyguanosine nucleotides in the presence and absence of microtubule-associated proteins.

We have examined the effects of dilution, Ca2+, reduced temperature, and triphosphate depletion on microtubules formed from purified tubulin, heat-treated microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), and either GTP, 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate (ddGDP), or 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine 5'-triphosphate (ddGTP). The stability of the polymer formed with tubulin plus ddGTP without MAPs was also examined. In all cases dilution resulted in rapid depolymerization of polymer until a new turbidity plateau was established.

Microtubule assembly with the guanosine 5'-diphosphate analogue 2',3'-dideoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate.

The GDP analogue 2',2'-dideoxyguanosine 5'-diphosphate (ddGDP) supports efficient tubulin polymerization. Microtubule-associated protein (MAP) dependent microtubule assembly occurs in 0.1 M 2-(N-morpholino)-ethanesulfonate, and sheets of parallel protofilaments are formed in 1.

Pulmonary artery sling: case report and surgical management.

Surgical correction of pulmonary artery sling with vascular ring in a 2 1/2-year-old boy is described. Despite the high mortality rate of this entity, the post-operative course was uneventful and since hospital discharge, the boy has remained asymptomatic.

Runaway pacemaker.

We report a case of a runaway cardiac pacemaker in a hemodynamically unstable patient requiring surgical intervention for correction of the malfunction. The technique for gaining rapid access to the permanent pacemaker and disarming it, and for the utilization of a portable pacemaker generator to establish a normal heart rate is presented.

Carrier activity of sonicated small liposomes containing melphalan to regional lymph nodes of rats.

Tissue distribution following subcutaneous injection of liposomes containing melphalan (MPL) was studied in rats using 14C-MPL and 3H-phosphatidylcholine. Two types of liposomes, prepared by either a brief or a prolonged sonication, were compared. Brief sonication formed large liposomes of various sizes, while liposomes obtained after a prolonged sonication were small and relatively uniform in size (34 nm in mean diameter).

Effects of organic acids on tubulin polymerization and associated guanosine 5'-triphosphate hydrolysis.

We have examined the effects of a number of organic anions, which stabilize tubulin, on tubulin polymerization, associated GTP hydrolysis, and polymer morphology. While microtubule-associated proteins, as well as glycerol, induced formation of typical microtubules in a reaction coupled to GTP hydrolysis at an initial 1:1 stoichiometry, the organic anions had varying effects. Only 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonate induced formation of structures with the morphology of microtubules.

Induction of polymerization of purified tubulin by sulfonate buffers. Marked differences between 4-morpholineethanesulfonate (Mes) and 1,4-piperazineethanesulfonate (Pipes).

Interactions of both purified tubulin and microtubule protein (tubulin plus associated proteins) with two commonly used sulfonate buffers were examined. 1,4-Piperazineethanesulfonate (Pipes) and 4-morpholineethanesulfonate (Mes) at high concentrations induce the polymerization of purified tubulin in reactions requiring only buffer, tubulin and GTP. While both reactions were temperature-dependent, cold-reversible and inhibited by GDP, colchicine or Ca2+, there were significant differences between them.

Acute and chronic cisplatin nephropathy in rats.

Cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum-II) is a new class of platinum coordination compounds showing a potent antitumor activity, but it also produces adverse effects on renal function. In this study, cisplatin nephropathy and renal accumulation of platinum were analyzed in rats after acute chronic treatment. A single intraperitoneal dose of cisplatin (6 mg.