Subclinical peripheral arterial disease in patients with chronic kidney disease: prevalence and related risk factors.

Background: Atherosclerotic artery disease is a common condition in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, there are few published data on the prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in nondialyzed patients with renal insufficiency. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a simple, noninvasive, and reliable method to assess PAD.

Methods And Results: Prevalence of PAD using ABI was investigated in 102 patients referred for the first time to a nephrology clinic with CKD in stages 3 to 5 of the K/DOQI classification, and with no previous diagnosis of PAD.

[Clinical course and recurrences of the nephrotic syndrome due to minimal histologic lesions. Review of 73 cases (author's transl)].

The clinical course of 73 patients with nephrotic syndrome due to minimal histologic lesions was studied. A renal biopsy was performed in all of the cases; 23 biopsies were studied by immunofluorescence and two renal biopsies were carried out in eight cases. The follow-up period varied from 6 months to 10 years.