Three-Month Polysubstance Use Patterns Among People Enrolled in Outpatient Treatment for Methamphetamine Use.

Background: Polysubstance use is common among people who use methamphetamine. This prospective study examined the three-month polysubstance use profiles among people enrolled in outpatient treatment for methamphetamine use and associated substance use, mental health, and treatment correlates.

Method: The present study used routinely collected client-reported outcome measures data from  = 1,507 clients enrolled in outpatient treatment who reported methamphetamine as their primary drug of concern ( = 34.

Short report on a distinct electroencephalogram endophenotype for MTHFR gene variation co-occurring in autism spectrum disorder.

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase mutations refer to genetic variations in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase enzyme, which plays an important role in folate metabolism. Folate is essential for neural development and signalling. Children with autism spectrum disorder have atypical neural signals compared with control.

Sodium Iodate: Rapid and Clinically Relevant Model of AMD.

Background: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of vision loss in people above the age of 50, affecting approximately 10% of the population worldwide and the incidence is rising. Hyperreflective foci (HRF) are a major predictor of AMD progression. The purpose of this study was to use the sodium iodate mouse model to study HRF formation in retinal degeneration.

A discrete choice experiment: Understanding patient preferences for managing chronic non-cancer pain.

Background: The management of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is complex. Concerns about adverse effects associated with opioid pain medications and a lack of funding for holistic programs present challenges for decision-making among clinicians and patients. Discrete choice experiments (DCE) are one way of assessing and valuing patient treatment preferences.

Frequency comb enhancement via the self-crystallization of vectorial cavity solitons.

Long-range interactions between dark vectorial temporal cavity solitons are induced by the formation of patterns via spontaneous symmetry breaking of orthogonally polarized fields in ring resonators. Turing patterns of alternating polarizations form between adjacent solitons, pushing them apart so that a random distribution of solitons along the cavity length spontaneously reaches equal equilibrium distances, the soliton crystal, without any mode crossing or external modulation. Enhancement of the frequency comb is achieved through the spontaneous formation of regularly spaced soliton crystals, 'self-crystallization', with greater power and spacing of the spectral lines for increasing soliton numbers.

Thoracic aneurysmal bone cyst secondary to osteoblastoma: unique surgical management. Illustrative case.

Background: Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are rare, benign, yet locally aggressive lesions that contain blood-filled channels that rarely occur in the thoracic spine of adults. The literature on the treatment of spinal ABCs is sparse, but the consensus is to achieve gross-total resection (GTR) due to these lesions being locally aggressive and to prevent recurrence.

Observations: This report describes a 35-year-old female admitted with back pain and right T5 dermatome radiculopathy without any inciting events.

Four approaches to setting soil health targets and thresholds in agricultural soils.

Soil health is a key concept in worldwide efforts to reverse soil degradation, but to be used as a tool to improve soils, it must be definable at a policy level and quantifiable in some way. Soil indicators can be used to define soil health and quantify the degree to which soils fulfil expected functions. Indicators are assessed using target and/or threshold values, which define achievable levels of the indicators or functions.

Robotic pedicle screw placement with 3D MRI registration: moving towards radiation free robotic spine surgery.

Background Context: Preoperative imaging for lumbar spine surgery often includes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for soft tissues and computer tomography (CT) for bony detail. While CT scans expose patients to ionizing radiation, whereas MRI scans do not. Emerging MRI techniques allow CT-like 3-dimensional (3D) visualization of bony structures, potentially removing the need for ionizing radiation from CT scans.

An association of cognitive function with mobile metrics of community walking in older cancer survivors: A pilot study.

Introduction: Older cancer survivors have an elevated risk for mobility dysfunction compared to their cancer-free peers. Despite the established link between cognitive function and community walking in older cancer-free adults, little is known about this relationship in older cancer survivors. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the association of performance-based and self-reported cognitive function with mobile metrics of community walking collected by a wearable Fitbit device.

Immunomodulation by the combination of statin and matrix-bound nanovesicle enhances optic nerve regeneration.

Modulating inflammation is critical to enhance nerve regeneration after injury. However, clinically applicable regenerative therapies that modulate inflammation have not yet been established. Here, we demonstrate synergistic effects of the combination of an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, statin/fluvastatin and critical components of the extracellular matrix, Matrix-Bound Nanovesicles (MBV) to enhance axon regeneration and neuroprotection after mouse optic nerve injury.

Behavior change theory and behavior change technique use in cancer rehabilitation interventions: a secondary analysis.

Background: There is limited evidence depicting ways that behavioral theory and techniques have been incorporated into cancer rehabilitation interventions. Examining their use within cancer rehabilitation interventions may provide insight into the active ingredients that can maximize patient engagement and intervention effectiveness.

Aim: This secondary analysis aimed to describe the use of behavior change theory and behavior change techniques (BCTs) in two previously conducted systematic reviews of cancer rehabilitation interventions.

Implementation and evaluation of specialist heart failure pharmacist prescribing clinics.

Background: Medications form the basis of treatment for heart failure (HF) and adherence is crucial as untreated HF has a mortality of greater than 30%. As such, specialist HF pharmacists with expertise in prescribing and promoting adherence have become an integral part of the wider HF multidisciplinary team (MDT).

Aim: To implement specialist HF pharmacist prescribing clinics and evaluate their impact.

Integrating Family Caregivers Into Cancer Care: Implementation of Evidence-Based Caregiver Protocols Into Gynecologic Oncology Practice.

Purpose: Family caregivers (CGs) of individuals with cancer are increasingly relied upon to provide long-term, sometimes intense care, although their integration into clinical cancer care remains minimal. The Caregiver Advocacy, Research, and Education (CARE) Center is a novel nurse-led academic-clinical partnership to support family CGs of individuals with gynecologic cancer. This study aims to describe the implementation of the Center protocols and report metrics of CG needs and Center support.

Clinical profiles of people enrolling in alcohol and other drug treatment in Australia: Do youth differ from young adults and adults?

Introduction: To examine and compare age groups on socio-demographic, substance use, mental health, social and risk behaviour profiles of people entering alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment in a large non-government organisation (NGO) in Queensland and New South Wales, Australia.

Methods: Design-Cross-sectional study; analysis of baseline routine outcome measures (ROM) and AOD minimum datasets for drug and alcohol treatment services. Setting and participants-People enrolling in Lives Lived Well, a large NGO AOD service between November 2020 and October 2022.

Defining military sexual trauma: establishing parameters and perspectives.

The term military sexual trauma [MST] is increasingly used to describe instances of sexual harassment/assault that occur between serving personnel during military service. However, in the absence of a clear universal definition, MST is an increasingly contested term, with confusion about its scope, application to differing jurisdictions and implications for responses and treatment. This editorial provides a universal definition of MST, decoupled from any national system or framework.

Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) comprise more than a quarter of all patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and are at higher risk of adverse events. We sought to reexamine the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) postpercutaneous coronary intervention in patients with DM.

Methods: We systematically included randomized controlled trials comparing any 2 of 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of DAPT that reported major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), net adverse clinical events (NACE), bleeding, or stent thrombosis in DM, and performed a frequentist network meta-analysis.

Measuring Engagement in Provider-Guided Digital Health Interventions With a Conceptual and Analytical Framework Using Nurse WRITE as an Exemplar: Exploratory Study With an Iterative Approach.

Background: Limited guidance exists for analyzing participant engagement in provider-guided digital health interventions (DHIs). System usage is commonly assessed, with acknowledged limitations in measuring socio-affective and cognitive aspects of engagement. Nurse WRITE, an 8-week web-based nurse-guided DHI for managing symptoms among women with recurrent ovarian cancer, offers an opportunity to develop a framework for assessing multidimensional engagement.

Allenamides as a Powerful Tool to Incorporate Diversity: Thia-Michael Lipidation of Semisynthetic Peptides and Access to β-Keto Amides.

Lipopeptides are an important class of biomolecules for drug development. Compared with conventional acylation, a chemoselective lipidation strategy offers a more efficient strategy for late-stage structural derivatisation of a peptide scaffold. It provides access to chemically diverse compounds possessing intriguing and non-native moieties.

Non-Targeted PFAS Suspect Screening and Quantification of Drinking Water Samples Collected through Community Engaged Research in North Carolina's Cape Fear River Basin.

A community engaged research (CER) approach was used to provide an exposure assessment of poly- and perfluorinated (PFAS) compounds in North Carolina residential drinking water. Working in concert with community partners, who acted as liaisons to local residents, samples were collected by North Carolina residents from three different locations along the Cape Fear River basin: upper, middle, and lower areas of the river. Residents collected either drinking water samples from their homes or recreational water samples from near their residence that were then submitted by the community partners for PFAS analysis.