Religious support buffers the indirect negative psychological effects of mass shooting in church-affiliated individuals.

Objective: Religion has been shown to protect against the negative effects of traumatic events. The current pilot study explored the extent to which religious support (i.e.

Effects of Probiotic ( 35624) Supplementation on Exercise Performance, Immune Modulation, and Cognitive Outlook in Division I Female Swimmers.

Our aim was to determine the effects of probiotic supplementation ( 35624; 1 billion CFU·d) on exercise performance, immune modulation, and cognitive outlook in collegiate female athletes during six weeks of offseason training. Seventeen National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 1 collegiate female swimmers participated in this two-group matched, double-blind, placebo controlled design. Via stratified randomization, participants were assigned to probiotic ( 35624; = 8) or placebo ( = 9) groups.

Antiparkinsonian mechanism of electroconvulsive therapy in MPTP-lesioned non-human primates.

Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), an effective treatment for depression, also improves motor symptomatology in Parkinson's disease (PD). We have previously demonstrated that ECT stimulates dopamine (DA) function in the striatum of healthy non-human primates, suggesting that DA may contribute to antidepressant effects.

Objective: We investigated the potential role of DA mechanisms in the amelioration of PD symptoms following a clinical course of ECT.

Electroconvulsive therapy alters dopamine signaling in the striatum of non-human primates.

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is one of the most effective therapies for depression and has beneficial motor effects in parkinsonian patients. However, little is known about the mechanisms of therapeutic action of ECT for either condition. The aim of this work was to explore the impact of ECT on dopaminergic function in the striatum of non-human primates.

The efficacy of a brief behavioral health intervention for managing high utilization of ED services by chronic pain patients.

Introduction: Patients with chronic pain continue to seek medical care from emergency departments nationwide despite the fact that an emergency department is a less-than-optimal environment for meeting their specific and specialized needs. As the scientific community has gained a more sophisticated understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to the development and maintenance of chronic pain, the central role of psychological factors have emerged. Therefore, an ED-based, behavioral health intervention for chronic pain patients is needed to better serve this population and to help hospitals provide cost effective treatment at the appropriate level of care.

Psychotherapy with rural religious fundamentalist clients.

Successful psychotherapy with rural fundamentalist Christians requires psychologists to understand the clients' culture and worldview. They often rely heavily on religious authorities, interpret Scriptures literally, adhere to strict moral codes of behavior, and believe that they should evangelize those around them. Common therapeutic challenges include: spiritualizing problems, relational conflicts related to gender role expectations, addiction problems, and the religious agendas of family and clergy.

Quantifying development: Investigating highly myelinated voxels in preadolescent corpus callosum.

Multi-echo T(2) relaxation decay data was acquired for 5 preadolescent males (age range 9-12 years). A signal to noise filter appropriate for multi-exponential T(2) analysis was then applied to remove voxels which did not accurately fit the modelled curve. The remaining voxels were designated "highly myelinated" if their myelin water fraction (MWF) was greater than a critical value.

Reproducibility and reliability of MR measurements in white matter: clinical implications.

The purpose of this study was to determine the reproducibility and reliability of five MRI-derived measurements, namely, total water content (WC), myelin water content (MWC), mean T2 relaxation time (GMT2), T1 relaxation time (T1) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR). Five controls were scanned 5 times over 1 year. The five MR measurements were made for 5 white matter regions.

Electroconvulsive shock decreases binding to 5-HT2 receptors in nonhuman primates: an in vivo positron emission tomography study with [18F]setoperone.

Background: Dysfunction within the serotonin (5-HT) system plays a major role in the etiology of human depression, and treatment with antidepressant drugs downregulates 5-HT(2) receptors in rodents and humans. The consequences of another effective antidepressant treatment, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), on 5-HT(2) receptors are less established.

Methods: We studied the effects of a course of electroconvulsive shock (ECS) on 5-HT(2) receptor binding in nonhuman primates in vivo using positron emission tomography (PET) and the radiotracer [(18)F]setoperone.

Community discharge of patients with schizophrenia: a Japanese experience.

In Japan, admission to a psychiatric facility for people with schizophrenia is usually for life. We developed a rehabilitation program aimed at discharging these patients into the Tokyo community. This paper describes the results for the 224 patients.

Effects of treatment protocols and subcutaneous implantation on bovine pericardium: a Raman spectroscopy study.

Using Raman microspectroscopy, we have studied mineral deposition on bovine pericardia, fixed according to three different protocols and either implanted subcutaneously or not implanted (controls). A lightly carbonated apatitic phosphate mineral, similar to that found in bone tissue, was deposited on the surface of a glutaraldehyde-fixed, implanted pericardium. Implanted pericardia fixed in glutaraldehyde followed by treatment in either an 80% ethanol or a 5% octanol/40% ethanol solution did not mineralize on implantation.

Effect of Stimulus Energy on Electroconvulsive Therapy-Induced Prolactin Release.

This study was undertaken to examine the effect of stimulus energy on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)-induced prolactin (PRL) release. Patients undergoing a course of right unilateral or bilateral ECT were studied during two consecutive treatments. The order of high- and low-energy ECT was counterbalanced between the two treatments.

The Role of Dopamine in Seizure-Induced Prolactin Release in Humans.

Prolactin (PRL) plasma levels rise severalfold following spontaneous or electrically induced seizures. To assess the role of dopamine in this neuroendocrine response, we studied the effect of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) on plasma PRL after maximal dopamine receptor blockade induced by intravenous metoclopramide. Six patients undergoing ECT received metoclopramide or placebo, in counterbalanced order, 30 min prior to application of the electrical stimulus.