Home-based detoxification for individuals with alcohol or drug dependence: A systematic review of the recent literature.

Issue: There is growing awareness of the benefits of treating patients in their own home, yet home-based detoxification of individuals with substance use disorder has received limited attention. While home-based alcohol detoxification seems to be safe and effective for patients without severe withdrawal, little is known about detoxification for illicit or polysubstance dependence. This review synthesises recent findings on home-based detoxification for alcohol and other substances.

Bacillary hemoglobinuria in beef cattle infected with in Missouri.

Bacillary hemoglobinuria (BH) is an infectious disease, mostly affecting cattle, caused by ( type D), with acute hepatic necrosis and intravascular hemolysis. Cattle are typically predisposed to BH by liver injury caused by , although cases have been reported in cattle without evidence of this parasite. Here we describe a cluster of 14 BH cases from 7 counties in north-central to central Missouri submitted to a veterinary diagnostic laboratory between December 2020 and April 2023.

The Use of Nonmonetary Outcomes in Health-Related Delay Discounting Research: Review and Recommendations.

Delay discounting (DD) refers to the tendency to devalue an outcome as a function of its delay. Most contemporary human DD research uses hypothetical money to assess individual rates of DD. However, nonmonetary outcomes such as food, substances of misuse, and sexual outcomes have been used as well, and have advantages because of their connections to health.

Physiology of Human Lactation and Strategies to Support Milk Supply for Breastfeeding.

Despite advances across the globe in breastfeeding initiation rates, many families continue to report they are not meeting their breastfeeding goals. Concerns about milk supply, infant nutritional intake, and infant weight gain are among the most commonly cited reasons for early breastfeeding cessation. Nurses working with individuals during the perinatal period are uniquely positioned to educate families and offer evidence-based interventions to promote optimal milk supply, infant growth, and maternal mental and physical health.

Acute myeloid leukemia stem cell signature gene EMP1 is not an eligible therapeutic target.

Background: Relapse in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pedAML) patients is known to be associated with residual leukemic stem cells (LSC). We have previously shown that epithelial membrane protein 1 (EMP1) is significantly overexpressed in LSC compared to hematological stem cell fractions. EMP1 was also documented as part of the 17-gene stemness score and a 6-membrane protein gene score, both correlating high EMP1 expression with worse overall survival.

Can nematode infection cause internal bleeding in dogs? A case of Dirofilaria immitis infection in cavitary fluids.

A 9-year-old dog was presented with weight loss, respiratory effort, and an enlarged abdomen. Imaging studies and exploratory surgery showed pulmonary and splenic masses and bi-cavitary effusion, later classified as hemorrhage. Cytology of the peritoneal and pleural fluids also revealed several microfilariae.

High prevalence and diversity of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in feral cat feces from coastal California.

Toxoplasma gondii is a zoonotic parasite that can cause severe morbidity and mortality in warm-blooded animals, including marine mammals such as sea otters. Free-ranging cats can shed environmentally resistant T. gondii oocysts in their feces, which are transported through rain-driven runoff from land to sea.

Whole genome enrichment approach for genomic surveillance of Toxoplasma gondii.

Pathogenic bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa can cause food and waterborne diseases. Surveillance methods must therefore screen for these pathogens at various stages of water distribution and of food from production to consumption. Detection using nucleic acid amplification methods offer rapid identification, but such methods have limited utility for characterizing populations, variant types or virulence traits of pathogens.

CAR-T in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Barriers and How to Overcome Them.

Conventional therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are characterized by high rates of relapse, severe toxicities, and poor overall survival rates. Thus, the development of new therapeutic strategies is crucial for improving the survival and quality of life of AML patients. CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell immunotherapy has been extremely successful in the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoid leukemia and several mature B-cell lymphomas.

Providers' Perceptions Versus Practices Inform Pediatric Colorectal Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Implementation.

Introduction: There are many barriers to the implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) pathway. The aim of this study was to compare surgeon and anesthesia perceptions with current practices prior to the initiation of an ERAS protocol in pediatric colorectal patients and to use that information to inform ERAS implementation.

Methods: This was a mixed method single institution study of barriers to implementation of an ERAS pathway at a free-standing children's hospital.

Upper Gastrointestinal Series in the Workup for Pediatric Gastrostomy Placement: Does it Delay Care?

Introduction: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series is often part of the workup prior to the placement of gastrostomy tubes in children. Prior studies have suggested UGI to be limited in utility and an extra financial burden. The goal of this study was to investigate the utility and cost of UGI studies.

Active Treatment to Survivorship Care: A Mixed-Methods Study Exploring Resource Needs and Preferences of Young Adult Cancer Survivors in Transition.

The purpose of this study was to identify resource needs and preferences of young adult cancer survivors (YAs) during the transition from active treatment to survivorship care to inform tailored care tools to support YAs during this period. A mixed methods study following a sequential explanatory approach was conducted among YAs between the ages of 15 and 39. Online surveys were distributed to assess participant information and resource needs, and responses were further explored during virtual focus group and interview discussions.

Hemorrhagic Meningitis Due to Varicella-Zoster Virus: A Case Report With Clinical, Cytologic, and Radiologic Correlation.

Although varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is known to affect the central nervous system in a protean manner, hemorrhagic VZV meningitis has not been well documented in the literature. Here, we correlate the clinical, cytologic, and radiologic findings in an immunocompromised patient presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with VZV meningitis. Clinical findings included multidermatomal zoster, myelitis, and neurapraxia.

Multicenter Assessment of Cryoanalgesia Use in Minimally Invasive Repair of Pectus Excavatum: A 20-center Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: To assess the clinical implications of cryoanalgesia for pain management in children undergoing minimally invasive repair of pectus excavatum (MIRPE).

Background: MIRPE entails significant pain management challenges, often requiring high postoperative opioid use. Cryoanalgesia, which blocks pain signals by temporarily ablating intercostal nerves, has been recently utilized as an analgesic adjunct.

Deciphering the Non-Coding RNA Landscape of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pedAML) is a heterogeneous blood cancer that affects children. Although survival rates have significantly improved over the past few decades, 20-30% of children will succumb due to treatment-related toxicity or relapse. The molecular characterization of the leukemic stem cell, shown to be responsible for relapse, is needed to improve treatment options and survival.

Recruitment of young adult cancer survivors into a randomized controlled trial of an mHealth physical activity intervention.

Purpose: Few studies have recruited young adult cancer survivors (YACS) from around the USA into remotely-delivered behavioral clinical trials. This study describes recruitment strategies used in the IMproving Physical Activity after Cancer Treatment (IMPACT) study, a 12-month randomized controlled trial of a mobile physical activity intervention for YACS.

Methods: We conducted formative work to guide development of recruitment messages and used a variety of methods and channels to recruit posttreatment YACS (diagnosed ages 18-39, participating in < 150 min/week of moderate-to-vigorous intensity activity).

Retrospective study of canine endoparasites diagnosed by fecal flotation methods analyzed across veterinary parasitology diagnostic laboratories, United States, 2018.

Background: Companion animal endoparasites play a substantial role in both veterinary medicine and public health. Updated epidemiological studies are necessary to identify trends in occurrence and distribution of these parasites, and their associated risk factors. This study aimed to assess the occurrence of canine endoparasites  retrospectively, using fecal flotation  test data available through participating academic veterinary parasitology diagnostic laboratories across the United States of America (USA).

PHYLOGEOGRAPHY OF BAYLISASCARIS PROCYONIS (RACCOON ROUNDWORM) IN NORTH AMERICA.

Sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COI) gene of 115 Baylisascaris procyonis individuals from 13 U.S. states and 1 Canadian province were obtained from 44 raccoon hosts to assess genetic variation and geographic structure.

Association of Surgeon Representation on NIH Study Sections With Receipt of Funding by Surgeon-scientists.

Objective: Our goal was to evaluate the relationship between surgeon representation on NIH study sections and success in grant funding.

Summary Of Background Data: NIH funding for surgeon-scientists is declining. Prior work has called for increased surgeon participation in the grant review process as a strategy to increase receipt of funding by surgeon-scientists.

Association of Sex and Race/Ethnicity With National Institutes of Health Funding of Surgeon-Scientists.

This cohort study examines associations between National Institutes of Health funding for surgeon-scientists and sex and race/ethnicity.

Can You Hear Me Now? Audio and Visual Interactions That Change App Choices.

Android and iOS mobile operating systems use permissions to enable phone owners to manage access to their device's resources. Both systems provide resource access dialogues at first use and per-resource controls. Android continues to offer permission manifests in the Android PlayStore for older apps but is transitioning away from this.

Association of orthogeriatric care models with evaluation and treatment of osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: This systematic review and meta-analysis found low-quality evidence that orthogeriatric care is positively associated with diagnosis of osteoporosis, prescription of calcium and vitamin D supplements and bisphosphonates in older hip fracture patients. Evidence on fall and fracture prevention was scarce and inconclusive. Orthogeriatrics may reduce the treatment gap following hip fractures.

S100A9 Links Inflammation and Repair in Myocardial Infarction.

Rationale: The alarmin S100A9 has been identified as a potential therapeutic target in myocardial infarction. Short-term S100A9 blockade during the inflammatory phase post-myocardial infarction inhibits systemic and cardiac inflammation and improves cardiac function long term.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of S100A9 blockade on postischemic cardiac repair.