Nonoperative Treatment of Elbow Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries With and Without Platelet-Rich Plasma in Professional Baseball Players: A Comparative and Matched Cohort Analysis.

Background: Recent studies evaluating nonoperative treatment of elbow ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries augmented with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have shown promising results. To date, no comparative studies have been performed on professional baseball players who have undergone nonoperative treatment with or without PRP injections for UCL injuries.

Hypothesis: Players who received PRP injections would have better outcomes than those who did not receive PRP.

Use of Asynchronous Video Interviews for Selecting Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents.

Objective: To assess the effect of using of asynchronous video interviewing as a screening tool for obstetrics and gynecology residency selection.

Methods: This project was part of a quality-improvement effort to enhance the resident application process. Applications to a single obstetrics and gynecology residency program were scored using standardized criteria.

Open Shoulder Stabilization for Instability: Anterior Labral Repair With Capsular Shift.

Although anterior shoulder instability is most commonly treated with arthroscopic fixation, open labral repair with capsular shift may be best for select patients and in cases of revision stabilization without significant bone loss. The technique described in this article uses the deltopectoral interval; it involves careful dissection of the subscapularis from the anterior capsule, repair of the Bankart lesion, and a lateral and superior capsular shift using all-suture anchors in the humeral head. Advantages of this technique include meticulous control of anchor placement and the ability to provide additional stability via a lateral and superiorly directed capsular shift.

Variability in Baseball Throwing Metrics During a Structured Long-Toss Program: Does One Size Fit All or Should Programs Be Individualized?

Background: The variability of throwing metrics, particularly elbow torque and ball velocity, during structured long-toss programs is unknown.

Hypotheses: (1) Elbow torque and ball velocity would increase as throwers progressed through a structured long-toss program and (2) intrathrower reliability would be high while interthrower reliability would be variable.

Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study.

Revision Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction in Professional Baseball: Current Trends, Surgical Techniques, and Outcomes.

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction of the elbow is commonly performed on professional baseball pitchers. Recent reports have suggested that revision rates are on the rise and may be higher than previously thought.

Purpose: To provide a comprehensive report on current trends, surgical techniques, and outcomes of revision UCL reconstructions performed on professional baseball pitchers between 2010 and 2016.

Articular Cartilage Defects of the Glenohumeral Joint: A Systematic Review of Treatment Options and Outcomes.

Objective: To report radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings, patient-reported outcomes, and complications and/or reoperations following nonarthroplasty surgical intervention for focal glenohumeral cartilage defects.

Design: A literature search was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Patients were included if they possessed a chondral defect of the humeral head, glenoid, or both, which had been treated with a joint preserving nonarthroplasty procedure.

Hamstring Injury Trends in Major and Minor League Baseball: Epidemiological Findings From the Major League Baseball Health and Injury Tracking System.

Background: Hamstring strains are the most common injury for professional baseball players and can result in significant time on the disabled list. To date, no study has reported the current trends in hamstring strains in professional baseball.

Hypothesis: Professional baseball players would have an increased incidence of hamstring strains from 2011 through 2016.

Does Internal Fixation for Unstable Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Skeletally Mature Knee Work? A Systematic Review.

Purpose: To report the rate of radiographic union, patient-reported outcomes, complications, and reoperations after internal fixation of unstable osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) in the skeletally mature knee.

Methods: A literature search was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Patients were included if they were skeletally mature and underwent internal fixation of an unstable OCD lesion of the knee.

Understanding the Implications of the Meniscal Ossicle: Patient Presentation, Treatment, and Outcomes.

The meniscal ossicle is observed in clinical practice, yet there currently is limited information on its potential clinical significance. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical presentation, imaging findings, and clinical treatment and outcomes of a series of patients identified as having a meniscal ossicle. An institutional database was reviewed to identify knees with a meniscal ossicle.

Oxytocin-Induced Changes in Intrinsic Network Connectivity in Cocaine Use Disorder: Modulation by Gender, Childhood Trauma, and Years of Use.

Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is a major public health concern with devastating social, economic, and mental health implications. A better understanding of the underlying neurobiology and phenotypic variations in individuals with CUD is necessary for the development of effective and targeted treatments. In this study, 39 women and 54 men with CUD completed a 6-min resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan after intranasal oxytocin (OXY) or placebo administration.

High Rate of Recurrent Meniscal Tear and Lateral Compartment Osteoarthritis in Patients Treated for Symptomatic Lateral Discoid Meniscus: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Little is known about the natural history of a surgically treated symptomatic lateral discoid meniscus. The goals of this study were to describe the rate and factors associated with recurrent lateral meniscal tears and progression to symptomatic lateral compartment osteoarthritis (OA) in patients surgically treated for a symptomatic lateral discoid meniscus.

Hypothesis: Patients with surgically treated lateral discoid meniscus have a high incidence of meniscal retear and progression to lateral compartment OA.

Procedure length is independently associated with overnight hospital stay and 30-day readmission following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

Purpose: The purpose was to characterize the independent effect of procedure length on the rates of 30-day perioperative complications, hospital readmissions, and overnight hospital stay in patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). We hypothesized that longer procedure length in primary ACLR increases the risk for post-operative complications.

Methods: Primary ACLR cases from 2005 to 2015 were identified in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program registry.

Arthroscopic Repair of Double Radial Tears of the Lateral Meniscus.

Double radial tears of the lateral meniscus are rare injuries that typically occur in the setting of an acute anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Full-thickness radial tears of the meniscus body and root render the meniscus nonfunctional from a loss of hoop stress resistance. Repair of these tears can normalize contact pressures in the lateral compartment and delay arthritic changes.

Isolated meniscus extrusion associated with meniscotibial ligament abnormality.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to describe meniscus extrusion, present imaging characteristics, and provide clinical correlations for patients with isolated meniscus extrusion.

Methods: Of the 3244 MRI reports identified as having meniscus extrusion, 20 patients were identified to have isolated meniscus extrusion (0.62%).

Generational Differences in Grit, Self-Control, and Conscientiousness Among Orthopaedic Surgeons: From Millennials to Baby Boomers.

Background: The training process and practice of orthopaedic surgery is demanding and arduous. Accordingly, grit, self-control, and conscientiousness are desirable qualities in orthopaedic surgeons. Some established orthopaedists have expressed concern that the future generation of surgeons may not possess the same level of grit as their predecessors.

Tibial Plateau Cartilage Lesions: A Systematic Review of Techniques, Outcomes, and Complications.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to determine (1) current reported treatment options for isolated tibial plateau (TP) cartilage lesions, (2) patient reported outcomes following various treatments, and (3) complication rate and survivorship following various treatments.

Design: A literature search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL was conducted adhering to PRISMA guidelines. Patients were included if they had TP cartilage lesions treated with surgery.

Bipolar Cartilage Lesions of the Knee: A Systematic Review of Techniques, Outcomes, and Complications.

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to determine (1) treatment options for bipolar cartilage lesions of the knee, (2) patient-reported outcomes following various surgical treatments, and (3) complication and failure rates following surgery.

Design: A literature search of PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and CINHAL was performed using PRISMA guidelines. Patients were included if they had bipolar cartilage lesions of the knee treated surgically.

Nonoperative Management of Posterior Shoulder Instability: An Assessment of Survival and Predictors for Conversion to Surgery at 1 to 10 Years After Diagnosis.

Purpose: To (1) define the rate of delayed surgery, between 1 and 10 years after injury, in a population-based study of patients with posterior shoulder instability (PSI), (2) evaluate predictive factors associated with delayed repair, and (3) identify differences between the nonoperative and operative groups at long-term follow-up.

Methods: A population-based retrospectively reviewed study of all patients with PSI from January 1, 1994, to December 31, 2015, was performed. Inclusion required a clinical diagnosis of PSI combined with supporting imaging.

Electrocatalytic Performance of Titania Nanotube Arrays Coated with MoS by ALD toward the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

The electrochemical splitting of water provides an elegant way to store renewable energy, but it is limited by the cost of the noble metals used as catalysts. Among the catalysts used for the reduction of water to hydrogen, MoS has been identified as one of the most promising materials as it can be engineered to provide not only a large surface area but also an abundance of unsaturated and reactive coordination sites. Using Mo[NMe] and HS as precursors, a desired thickness of amorphous MoS can be deposited on TiO nanotubes by atomic layer deposition.

Using heart rate as a physical activity metric.

Physical activity (PA) is critical for a healthy lifestyle. The current study assessed heart rate (HR) as a primary measure of moderate and vigorous PA with four typically developing children. First, individualized HR assessments were conducted to determine moderate and vigorous HR zones.