Chemometrically assisted differential pulse voltammetry for simultaneous and interference-free quantification of gallic and caffeic acids.

This article explores the application of chemometric tools including multivariate curve resolution with alternating least squares for the simultaneous determination of gallic and caffeic acids on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode without additional modification. Gallic and caffeic acids are primary polyphenols, the most abundant in red wines produced in Argentina, and are often used as quality markers for them. These polyphenols significantly contribute to the organoleptic properties of wines from this origin, but their electrochemical signals overlap significantly, making simultaneous quantification challenging without additional experiments such as electrode modification or alternative analytical techniques beyond differential pulse voltammetry.

Correction: Removal of metals and inorganics from rendered fat using polyamine-modified cellulose nanocrystals.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D3SU00116D.].

The MIGREX study: Prevalence and risk factors of sexual dysfunction among migraine patients.

Background: Migraine attacks have a high impact on daily activities. There is limited research on the burden of migraine on sexual functioning.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with migraine and its relationship with migraine features and comorbidities.

Ecological interactions affect the bioactivity of medicinal plants.

Essential oils produced by medicinal plants possess important bioactive properties (antibacterial, antioxidant) of high value for human society. Pollination and herbivory can modify the chemical defences of plants and therefore they may influence the bioactivity of essential oils. However, the effect of ecological interactions on plant bioactivity has not yet been evaluated.

Protein recovery from brewery solid wastes.

Brewing produces significant amounts of solid waste during the process: spent cereals (BSG), hops and spent yeast (BSY). These residues are sustainable sources of valuable nutrients and functional compounds like proteins, polyphenols, and polysaccharides. This review describes the three solid wastes and the different extraction techniques for protein recovery.

An overview on multi-elemental profile integrated with chemometrics for food quality assessment: toward new challenges.

Food products, especially those with high value-added, are commonly subjected to strict quality controls, which are of paramount importance, especially for attesting to some peculiar features related, for instance, to their geographical origin and/or the know-how of their producers. However, the sophistication of fraudulent practices requires a continuous update of analytical platforms. Different analytical techniques have become extremely appealing since the instrumental analysis tools evolution has substantially improved the capability to reveal and understand the complexity of food.

Effect of sorghum flour properties on gluten-free sponge cake.

Unlabelled: As the demand for gluten-free products increases, the use of sorghum flour becomes a good alternative. Sponge cakes are consumed worldwide and suitable for formulations that could replace wheat flour. One of the most influential parameters on sponge cake quality is the flour particle size.

Greening Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction for Sorghum Flour Multielemental Determination by Microwave-Induced Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry.

Sorghum is the fourth most important cereal produced in Argentina and the fifth worldwide. It has good agronomic characteristics and could be developed in arid areas, allowing a wide geographic distribution. Its starch content, higher than 70%, makes it possible to obtain a good yield of flours.

The MIGREX study: Prevalence and risk factors of sexual dysfunction among migraine patients.

Background: Migraine attacks have a high impact on daily activities. There is limited research on the burden of migraine on sexual functioning.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in patients with migraine and its relationship with migraine features and comorbidities.

Obestatin signalling counteracts glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy via NEDD4/KLF15 axis.

Background: A therapeutic approach for the treatment of glucocorticoid-induced skeletal muscle atrophy should be based on the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms determining the unbalance between anabolic and catabolic processes and how to re-establish this balance. Here, we investigated whether the obestatin/GPR39 system, an autocrine signalling system acting on myogenesis and with anabolic effects on the skeletal muscle, could protect against chronic glucocorticoid-induced muscle atrophy.

Methods: In this study, we used an in vivo model of muscle atrophy induced by the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone to examine the liaison molecules that define the interaction between the glucocorticoid receptor and the obestatin/GPR39 systems.

Concurrent Akt, ERK1/2 and AMPK Activation by Obestatin Inhibits Apoptotic Signaling Cascades on Nutrient-Deprived PC12 Cells.

Targeting apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra is a rational therapeutic approach for restricting cerebral infarct volume after clinical stroke. The present work explored the capability of the obestatin peptide, as a novel approach to inhibit apoptotic signaling cascades on PC12 cells. According to the results, obestatin treatment significantly reduced nutrient deprivation-induced apoptotic cell death.

Multi-level data fusion strategies for modeling three-way electrophoresis capillary and fluorescence arrays enhancing geographical and grape variety classification of wines.

Capillary electrophoresis with diode array detection (CE-DAD) and multidimensional fluorescence spectroscopy (EEM) second-order data were fused and chemometrically processed for geographical and grape variety classification of wines. Multi-levels data fusion strategies on three-way data were evaluated and compared revealing their advantages/disadvantages in the classification context. Straightforward approaches based on a series of data preprocessing and feature extraction steps were developed for each studied level.

Sensory and spectroscopic characterization of Argentinean wine and balsamic vinegars: A comparative study with European vinegars.

In Argentina, vinegars are cheap agro-food products without exhaustive regulation and the production of high-quality vinegars has not been exploited yet. In fact, Argentinean vinegars have not been studied. In this context, a first study of Argentinean balsamic and wine vinegars was carried out by a sensory and spectroscopic characterization and by a comparison with well-recognized European vinegars.

Assessment of UV-visible spectroscopy as a useful tool for determining grape-must caramel in high-quality wine and balsamic vinegars.

The addition of E-150d caramel, known as grape-must caramel in vinegars, is a legal but without limitation practice in Spanish wine vinegars, as those with a protected designation of origin (PDO), for unifying the final colour of different batches and barrels. It is also used in the production of 'Balsamic vinegar of Modena' vinegars, with a maximum addition fixed at 2% v/v by law. Although its quantification in vinegars was studied by other techniques, there is still not any official method for it.

Daily fluctuations in pollination effectiveness explain higher efficiency of native over exotic bees in Lepechinia floribunda (Lamiaceae).

Background: Despite Stebbins' principle of the most efficient pollinator being proposed decades ago, the most important pollinators are still mainly identified using the frequency of visits to flowers. This shortcoming results in a gap between the characterization of the flower visitors of a plant species and a reliable estimation of the plant fitness consequences of the mutualistic interaction. The performance of a mutualistic visitor depends on its abundance, behaviour, effectiveness (pollen removal and deposition per unit time) and efficiency (seed set per unit time) conditioned by the temporal matching between pollinator activity and temporal patterns of maturation of the sexual functions of flowers.

Oxidomics on the omega-3 volatile degradation pattern to determine differences between vegetable and marine oils.

In this work, oxidation assessment of vegetable and marine oils was performed based on their quantitative volatile profile and data analysis by 3-way partial least square chemometrics. Classification models were obtained using broad-spectrum isotopically labelled standards on the analysis of 25 volatile compounds from omega-3 fatty acid (FA) degradation by headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Our oxidomic approach was performed on edible oils that differed in their origin (marine or vegetable) and in their omega-3 FA profile.

A green single-tube sample preparation method for wear metal determination in lubricating oil by microwave induced plasma with optical emission spectrometry.

A straightforward and rapid single-tube sample pretreatment for wear metals determination in used lubricating oils was developed in this work as an alternative to the reference pretreatment method (ASTM). A D-optimal mixture design on a three-component solution was performed. The optimal composition for the proposed sample preparation emulsion was 2% v/v of xylene, 9.

Publisher Correction: Obestatin controls skeletal muscle fiber-type determination.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Improvement of Duchenne muscular dystrophy phenotype following obestatin treatment.

Background: This study was performed to test the therapeutic potential of obestatin, an autocrine anabolic factor regulating skeletal muscle repair, to ameliorate the Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) phenotype.

Methods And Results: Using a multidisciplinary approach, we characterized the ageing-related preproghrelin/GPR39 expression patterns in tibialis anterior (TA) muscles of 4-, 8-, and 18-week-old mdx mice (n = 3/group) and established the effects of obestatin administration at this level in 8-week-old mdx mice (n = 5/group). The findings were extended to in vitro effects on human immortalized DMD myotubes.

Nutritional analysis of Spirulina dietary supplements: Optimization procedure of ultrasound-assisted digestion for multielemental determination.

Arthrospira platensis and Arthrospira maxima are a type of blue-green microalga used as a dietary supplement (Spirulina). A low time-consuming ultrasound-assisted digestion (UAD) of Spirulina supplements for multielemental determination by microwave induced plasma atomic emission spectrometry (MPAES) was performed. Several parameters such as acid concentration (AC), thermostated water bath (TWB), digestion time (DT) and UAD - probe or bath - affecting the digestion process were evaluated through a full factorial design.

Changes in Amino Acid Profile in Roots of Glyphosate Resistant and Susceptible Soybean (Glycine max) Induced by Foliar Glyphosate Application.

Amino acid profiles are useful to analyze the responses to glyphosate in susceptible and resistant soybean lines. Comparisons of profiles for 10 amino acids (Asp, Asn, Glu, Gln, Ser, His, Gly, Thr, Tyr, Leu) by HPLC in soybean roots were performed in two near isogenic pairs (four varieties). Foliar application of glyphosate was made to soybean plants after 5 weeks of seeding.