Annotation of RxLR Effectors in Oomycete Genomes.

Pathogens have evolved effector proteins to suppress host immunity and facilitate plant infections. RxLR effectors are small, secreted effector proteins with conserved RxLR and dEER amino acid motifs at the N terminus and highly variable C termini and are commonly found in oomycete species. We provide computational approaches to annotate RxLR candidate effector genes in a genome assembly in FASTA format with an available GFF file.

Effector Repertoire of the Sweetpotato Black Rot Fungal Pathogen .

In 2015, sweetpotato producers in the United States experienced one of the worst outbreaks of black rot recorded in history, with up to 60% losses reported in the field and packing houses and at shipping ports. Host resistance remains the ideal management tool to decrease crop losses. Lack of knowledge of biology represents a critical barrier for the deployment of resistance to black rot in sweetpotato.

, 100 Years Later: Research Mile Markers from 1922 to 2022.

In 1922, was described by Leon Hatching Leonian as a new pathogen infecting pepper (), with disease symptoms of root rot, stem and fruit blight, seed rot, and plant wilting and death. Extensive research has been conducted on over the last 100 years. This review succinctly describes the salient mile markers of research on with current perspectives on the pathogen's distribution, economic importance, epidemiology, genetics and genomics, fungicide resistance, host susceptibility, pathogenicity mechanisms, and management.

Populations Are Structured by Host, Geography, and Fluopicolide Sensitivity.

epidemics are propelled by warm temperatures and wet conditions. With temperatures and inland flooding in many locations worldwide expected to rise as a result of global climate change, understanding of population structure can help to inform management of in the field and prevent devastating epidemics. Thus, we investigated the effect of host crop, geographical origin, fungicide sensitivity, and mating type on shaping the population structure of in the eastern United States.