Predictors of Adverse Local Tissue Reaction in a High-Risk Population.

Background: Adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR) is a recognized complication of total hip arthroplasty (THA) with metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) bearing surface implants. Specific models of THA implants have been identified as having a higher incidence of ALTR. The purpose of this study is to determine if serum metal levels, patient symptoms, implant factors, and imaging findings can be predictive of ALTR within this high-risk population.

Glenoid Radius of Curvature and Humeral Head Volume Are Associated With Postoperative Dislocation After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair.

Purpose: To measure bony morphologic parameters and identify their association with arthroscopic Bankart repair failure.

Methods: This was a retrospective comparative study. The inclusion criteria were primary arthroscopic Bankart repair, no prior shoulder surgery, traumatic cause, and had a Bankart (soft tissue and bony) lesion evident on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Comparison of Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Adverse Local Tissue Reaction in Patients With Head-Neck Taper Corrosion.

Background: Diagnosis of adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR) in metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) total hip arthroplasty (THA) secondary to head-neck taper corrosion is challenging. The purpose of this study is to compare differences between asymptomatic and symptomatic ALTR in an observational cohort, including presentation, metal ion differences, and metal artifact reduction sequence (MARS) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of an observational cohort of 492 MoP THA patients at increased risk of developing ALTR.

Labral Morphology and Number of Preoperative Dislocations Are Associated With Recurrent Instability After Arthroscopic Bankart Repair.

Purpose: To develop a method to measure capsule and labral volume on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging to predict surgical failure after primary Bankart repair.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted on patients undergoing primary anterior arthroscopic shoulder stabilization. Surgical failure was defined as a recurrent dislocation event.

Effect of patient age on accuracy of primary MRI signs of long head of biceps tearing and instability in the shoulder: an MRI-arthroscopy correlation study.

Objective: To determine the effect of patient age on the accuracy of primary MRI signs of long head of biceps (LHB) tendon tearing and instability in the shoulder using arthroscopy as a reference standard.

Materials And Methods: Subjects with MRI studies and subsequent arthroscopy documenting LHB tendon pathology were identified and organized into three age groups (18-40, 41-60, 61-87). Normal and tendinopathic tendons were labeled grade 0, partial tears grade 1 and full tears grade 2.

Relationship between bone bruise volume and the presence of meniscal tears in acute anterior cruciate ligament rupture.

Purpose: To determine whether there is a relationship between the size of the bone bruise volume after an acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture and the presence of meniscal tears in the medial and lateral compartment.

Methods: Following Institutional Review Board approval, 50 patients with an acute ACL rupture and MRI imaging within 30 days of injury were identified. Two musculoskeletal radiologists evaluated the lateral and medial menisci and graded them as one of the following: no meniscal tear, tear of one meniscus (medial or lateral) or tear of both menisci (medial and lateral).

Nature abhors a vacuum: bilateral prominent rotator cable in bilateral congenital absence of the long head of the biceps tendon.

Bilateral agenesis of the long head of the biceps tendon is an exceedingly rare anomaly and can be a challenging diagnostic dilemma whose differential diagnosis includes tear. We present the third case of bilateral agenesis of the long head of the biceps tendon. Absent or shallow intertubercular sulcus is a constant finding and serves to differentiate this entity from tear.

The effects of meniscus injury on the development of knee osteoarthritis: data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of pain and disability, and the knee is one of the most commonly affected joints. Many have speculated that injury to the meniscus may play a key role in the development of knee OA; however, the exact relationship of meniscus injury and knee OA is unknown.

Purpose: To examine the rate of meniscus injuries in patients with and without incident radiographic knee OA and to explore how the type, size, and location of the meniscus injury affects the development of OA.

Musculoskeletal applications of platelet-rich plasma: fad or future?

Objective: The purpose of this article is to detail the biology of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), critically review the existing literature, and discuss future research applications needed to adopt PRP as a mainstay treatment method for common musculoskeletal injuries.

Conclusion: Any promising minimally invasive therapy such as PRP deserves further investigation to avoid surgery. Diagnostic imaging outcome assessments, including ultrasound-guided needle precision, should be included in future investigations.

Emerging MRI methods in rheumatoid arthritis.

New MRI techniques have been developed to assess not only the static anatomy of synovial hyperplasia, bone changes and cartilage degradation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but also the activity of the physiological events that cause these changes. This enables an estimation of the rate of change in the synovium, bone and cartilage as a result of disease activity or in response to therapy. Typical MRI signs of RA in the pre-erosive phase include synovitis, bone marrow edema and subchondral cyst formation.

Magnetic resonance appearance of posterosuperior labral peel back during humeral abduction and external rotation.

Objective: To describe the magnetic resonance appearance of posterosuperior labral peel back and determine the reliability of MR in the abducted and externally rotated (ABER) position for the prospective diagnosis of arthroscopically proven cases of posterosuperior labral peel back.

Methods: After approval by the institutional review board (IRB) of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, USA, databases of patients who underwent arthroscopy over a 2-year period for one of three clinical diagnoses [suspected type 2 superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP) tears, posterior instability, or multidirectional instability] were reviewed after anonymization by an honest broker. Sixty-three cases were selected by the following inclusion criteria: operative report documenting labral peel back in the ABER position, age <40 years, and preceding MR arthrogram evaluations with images in the ABER position (n=34).

MRI findings of prepatellar Morel-Lavallée effusions.

Objective: To describe MR imaging characteristics and treatment options for prepatellar closed degloving injuries or Morel-Lavallée effusions. Imaging features are discussed that may aid in the distinguishing of this entity from "housemaid's knee" or prepatellar bursitis.

Materials And Methods: MR images of four young wrestlers were reviewed by two attending radiologists and one fellow, and correlative clinical data were collected using the electronic medical database.

Indium-111 pentetreotide imaging of carcinoid tumor of the thymus.

Introduction: Carcinoid tumors are relatively rare and can occur in the thorax, abdomen, or pelvis. Indium-111 pentetreotide scanning is useful for the identification of these tumors. In this report, we present imaging findings and discussion pertaining to a 43-year-old man who presented with Cushing's syndrome resulting from a thymic carcinoid tumor.