Maternal exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) promotes the transgenerational inheritance of adult-onset reproductive dysfunctions through the female germline in mice.

Endocrine disruptors (EDs) are compounds known to promote transgenerational inheritance of adult-onset disease in subsequent generations after maternal exposure during fetal gonadal development. This study was designed to establish whether gestational and lactational exposure to the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) at environmental doses promotes transgenerational effects on reproductive health in female offspring, as adults, over three generations in the mouse. Gestating F0 mouse dams were exposed to 0, 0.

Maternal exposure to a mixture of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) causes reproductive dysfunction in adult male mouse offspring.

We investigated the effects of maternal exposure to the plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and the organic industrial compounds polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), singly and combined, on the reproductive function of male mouse offspring. Mice dams were exposed throughout pregnancy and lactation to 1μg PCBs (101+118)/kg/day, 50μg DEHP/kg/day, or the DEHP/PCB mixture in the diet. The mixture induced permanent alterations in adult F1 males' reproductive health in a way, differently from the single compounds.

Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls in CD-1 mice: reproductive toxicity and intergenerational transmission.

Several studies indicate that in utero and perinatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) induces adverse reproductive effects, but it remains unclear whether such effects may be transmitted to subsequent generations. We therefore investigated the association between maternal exposure to PCBs and reproductive health in male and female offspring over three generations. Mouse dams were fed 0, 1, 10, and 100 μg/kg/day of a PCB mixture (101 + 118) during pregnancy and lactation.

Exposure to di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in utero and during lactation causes long-term pituitary-gonadal axis disruption in male and female mouse offspring.

The present study examined the effects in mice of exposure to di(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) throughout pregnancy and lactation on the development and function of the pituitary-gonadal axis in male and female offspring once they have attained adulthood. Groups of two to three dams were exposed with the diet from gestational d 0.5 until the end of lactation, at 0, 0.

The role of teat skin contamination in the epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus intramammary infections.

Knowledge of the epidemiological pattern and the potential sources of infections is important to control Staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds. This paper reports the results of a study applying both pulse field gel electrophoresis (PGFE) and the assessment of a selected number of virulence genes to investigate the role of teat skin on Staph. aureus transmission among cows and on the contamination of milk.

Mink growth hormone structural-functional relationships: effects of renaturing and storage conditions.

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, in vitro bioassay and enzyme-linked immunoassay were used to study the structural-functional relationships of recombinant mink growth hormone (mGH), refolded and stored under different conditions. Porcine GH (pGH) was synthesized and used as an example. These two hormones, when refolded and stored the same way, had the same secondary structures, biological and immunological efficacy, and biological potency.

Differentiation of five tuna species by a multiplex primer-extension assay.

A novel methodology based on analysis of mtDNA-cytb diagnostic sites was performed to discriminate four closely related species of Thunnus (Thunnus alalunga, Thunnus albacares, Thunnus obesus and Thunnus thynnus) and one species of Euthynnus (Katsuwonus pelamis) genus in raw and canned tuna. The primers used in the preliminary PCR designed in well conserved region upstream and downstream of the diagnosis sites successfully amplified a 132bp region from the cytb gene of all the species taken into consideration. The sites of diagnosis have been interrogate simultaneously using a multiplex primer-extension assay (PER) and the results were confirmed by fragment sequencing.

Production of recombinant mink growth hormone in E. coli.

Escherichia coli cells expressing mink (Mustela vison) growth hormone were grown in a batch fermentation process. The expression level was estimated to be 27% of the total cellular protein after 3 h of induction with 1 mM isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG). If the expression of mink growth hormone (mGH) was induced with 0.

Isoelectric focusing identification of four freshwater fish commercially labeled "perch".

Isoelectric focusing (IEF) was used to distinguish 4 freshwater fish species that are sold in the European Union under the generic label of "perch": Perca fluviatilis (European perch), Lates niloticus (Nile perch), Stizostedion lucioperca (European pikeperch), and Morone chrysops x saxatilis (Sunshine bass). These species have different commercial values but are easily interchangeable because they are sold already filleted, in view of the numerous bones of the whole fish. IEF of the water-soluble proteins extracted from fish muscle resulted in species-specific patterns.

Characterization of biologically active bovine pituitary FSH purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody.

A substantial amount of highly purified, biologically active bovine FSH was isolated from pituitary extracts by immunoaffinity chromatography based on a novel anti-bovine FSH beta-subunit monoclonal antibody. The biological activity was assessed in vitro using a steroidogenic granulosa cell line constitutively expressing the FSH receptor. Amino acid analysis, N-terminal amino acid sequencing, and peptide mass mapping demonstrated that primary structure modifications do not contribute to the heterogeneity of bovine FSH.

Monoclonal antibodies as a probe for the unfolding of porcine growth hormone.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were generated against pituitary porcine growth hormone (pGH). Ten mAbs were selected for their specificity and affinity for pGH. These mAbs were of the immunoglobulin G (IgG)(1) kappa subclass, with dissociation constants (K(d)) between 7.