Characterization of fecal sludge as biomass feedstock for thermal treatment in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

: Transformative sanitation technologies aim to treat fecal sludge (FS) by thermal processes and recover resources from it. There is a paucity of data describing the relevant properties of FS as viable feedstock for thermal treatment in major geographical target areas, such as India. : This study characterized FS collected from septic tanks in two cities located in the Indian southern state of Tamil Nadu.