A three-dimensional genomics view for speciation research.

Genomic information is folded in a three-dimensional (3D) structure, a rarely explored evolutionary driver of speciation. Technological advances now enable the study of 3D genome structures (3DGSs) across the Tree of Life. At the onset of 3D speciation genomics, we discuss the putative roles of 3DGSs in speciation.

Holocentric repeat landscapes: From micro-evolutionary patterns to macro-evolutionary associations with karyotype evolution.

Repetitive elements can cause large-scale chromosomal rearrangements, for example through ectopic recombination, potentially promoting reproductive isolation and speciation. Species with holocentric chromosomes, that lack a localized centromere, might be more likely to retain chromosomal rearrangements that lead to karyotype changes such as fusions and fissions. This is because chromosome segregation during cell division should be less affected than in organisms with a localized centromere.

Pollinator sharing between reproductively isolated genetic lineages of .

High reciprocal pollination specialization leading to pollinator isolation can prevent interspecific pollen transfer and competition for pollinators. Sharing pollinators may induce mating costs, but it may also increase pollination services and pollen dispersal and offer more resources to pollinators, which may be important in case of habitat fragmentation leading to pollination disruption. We estimated pollen dispersal and pollinator isolation or sharing between two reproductively isolated genetic lineages of (Caryophyllaceae), which are rare and occur in parapatry in southern Belgium, forming two edaphic ecotypes.

Comparison of the potency of different propofol formulations: a randomized, double-blind trial using closed-loop administration.

Background: Several commercial formulations of propofol are available. The primary outcome of this study was the required dose of propofol alone or combined with lidocaine to achieve induction of general anesthesia.

Methods: This multicenter, double-blinded trial randomized patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I-III) just before elective surgery with the use of a computer-generated list.