Neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratio in seropositive women for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) coinfection.

This study aims to investigate the possible association between neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratio in women with HIV, undergoing antiretroviral treatment, with HPV coinfection. This is a cross-sectional study with HIV positive women; their biological samples were collected for laboratory tests (complete blood count) and oncotic cytology for detection of HPV DNA, by PCR-Nested (PGMY and GP primers). Viral load and CD4 and CD8 T-cells counts were obtained from medical records.

Random Forest Analysis of Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures Associated with Cardiometabolic Diseases, Lifestyle, Lipid Profile, and Genetic Information in São Paulo, Brazil.

There is a lack of empirical studies of out-of-pocket health expenditures associated with dyslipidemias, which are major cardiovascular risk factors, especially in underrepresented admixed populations. The study investigates associations of health costs with lipid traits, GWAS-derived genetic risk scores (GRSs), and other cardiometabolic risk factors. Data from the observational cross-sectional 2015 ISA-Nutrition comprised lifestyle, environmental factors, socioeconomic and demographic variables, and biochemical and genetic markers related to the occurrence of cardiometabolic diseases.

Chemokine profile in the serum of patients with leptospirosis.

Introduction: Leptospirosis is a global zoonosis that affects more than one million people per year, with a lethality rate of approximately 15%. Chemokines are crucial in the immune response against , recruiting leukocytes to the site of infection and regulating immune activity. In previous studies, we have shown that CCL2, CXCL5, and CCL8 are involved in the leptospirosis process, although the mechanisms are not understood.

CopyMix: Mixture model based single-cell clustering and copy number profiling using variational inference.

Investigating tumor heterogeneity using single-cell sequencing technologies is imperative to understand how tumors evolve since each cell subpopulation harbors a unique set of genomic features that yields a unique phenotype, which is bound to have clinical relevance. Clustering of cells based on copy number data obtained from single-cell DNA sequencing provides an opportunity to identify different tumor cell subpopulations. Accordingly, computational methods have emerged for single-cell copy number profiling and clustering; however, these two tasks have been handled sequentially by applying various ad-hoc pre- and post-processing steps; hence, a procedure vulnerable to introducing clustering artifacts.

Role of Organic Fertilizer in the Transfer of Lead to Vegetables Produced in Tropical Mountain Agroecosystems.

Understanding the relationship between the aerobic transformation of organic matter (OM) and the bioavailability of lead to plants may allow the safe application of organic fertilizers (OF) in agriculture. The present study aimed to elucidate the relationship of different OM structures with Pb, revealing the action of OF (poultry litter) on Pb dynamics, presenting the effects of OM transformations on bioavailability and transfer to vegetables produced in tropical mountain agroecosystems (TMA). The association of Pb with hydrophilic structures (CAlk-O and CAlk-di-O) during the aerobic transformation of poultry litter (PL) contributes to the increase in the water-soluble form of this metal (3.

Post-fire temporal dynamics of plant-pollinator communities in a tropical savanna.

Fire is a major ecological and evolutionary factor promoting biodiversity and maintaining functioning of naturally fire-prone ecosystems. In tropical savannas, plant communities show a set of fire-adapted traits and both flowering and pollination services have the potential to rapidly regenerate after fire, but fire-suppression policies may disrupt this adaptability following potential woody encroachment. Understanding the effects of fire on plant-pollinator interactions are required to advance conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning.

Analysis of Tribology Properties of Trimethylolpropane-based Lubricant by Molecular Dynamics.

Currently, it is crucial for the lubricant formulation industry to explore cost-effective and environmentally friendly methodologies for analyzing the tribological properties of engine aviation lubricants under high-temperature and high-pressure operating conditions. This study demonstrates the feasibility of employing molecular dynamic simulations to gain essential insights into the evolution of the tribological properties of lubricants during operation. A three-layer molecular model was devised, comprising nickel aluminide molecules in the top and bottom layers, and polyol ester in the core.

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome.

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome is characterized by regional pain that is disproportionate to the triggering event, with no distribution to dermatomes, a tendency towards chronicity, and dysfunction. This narrative review proposes an update of criteria for diagnosis and management of the syndrome, providing information on epidemiology, etiology, and pathophysiology. We base our information on systematic and narrative reviews, as well as guidelines published in recent years, aiming to facilitate diagnostic suspicion and provide a broad overview of therapeutic possibilities.

Spatial distribution and factors influencing the accumulation of toxic metals in soils in mountain agroecosystems, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.

The concentrations of toxic metals (TM) were analyzed in 498 samples of agricultural soils used for intensive vegetable cultivation in the watershed of Barracão dos Mendes, Brazil. The goal of this study was to characterize the distribution of these elements and the main natural and anthropogenic factors affecting their accumulation. In general, the average concentrations of TM were higher than the reference quality values for cultivated soils in the region, with the exception of Cr, Co, Ni and Mn, and the average concentration of Cd was ten times greater.

Application of the EBSD Technique in the Study of Porosity and Permeability in Deformation Bands in Sandstone.

Deformation bands are common constituents of porous clastic fluid reservoirs. Various techniques have been used to study deformation band structure and the associated changes in porosity and permeability. However, the use of electron backscatter diffraction technique is limited.

Genetic Ancestry and Self-Reported "Skin Color/Race" in the Urban Admixed Population of São Paulo City, Brazil.

Epidemiological studies frequently classify groups based on phenotypes like self-reported skin color/race, which inaccurately represent genetic ancestry and may lead to misclassification, particularly among individuals of multiracial backgrounds. This study aimed to characterize both global and local genome-wide genetic ancestries and to assess their relationship with self-reported skin color/race in an admixed population of Sao Paulo city. We analyzed 226,346 single-nucleotide polymorphisms from 841 individuals participating in the population-based ISA-Nutrition study.

Missense genetic variants in major bitter taste receptors are associated with diet quality and food intake in a highly admixed underrepresented population.

Background And Aims: To investigate associations between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TAS1R and TAS2R taste receptors and diet quality, intake of alcohol, added sugar, and fat, using linear regression and machine learning techniques in a highly admixed population.

Methods: In the ISA-Capital health survey, 901 individuals were interviewed and had socioeconomic, demographic, health characteristics, along with dietary information obtained through two 24-h recalls. Data on 12 components related to food groups, nutrients, and calories was combined into a diet quality score (BHEI-R).

Evaluating virulence features of Acinetobacter baumannii resistant to polymyxin B.

The increasing resistance to polymyxins in Acinetobacter baumannii has made it even more urgent to develop new treatments. Anti-virulence compounds have been researched as a new solution. Here, we evaluated the modification of virulence features of A.

A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis on the Role of Analgesics and Anti-Inflammatories in Pan-Retinal Photocoagulation.

Purpose: Pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP) is the mainstay of treatment for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), reducing the risk of severe vision loss. Pain poses a potential obstacle to effective laser delivery and patient compliance. Therefore, implementing pain relief strategies can enhance both treatment efficacy and patient comfort.

Predicting Outcomes in Patients with Diffuse Axonal Injury: External Validation of the Widely Used Prognostic Instruments.

Aim: Accurate prognosis of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is important in directing clinical care, allocating resources appropriately, and communicating with families and surrogate decision-makers.

Methods: A study was conducted on patients with clinical DAI due to closed-head traumatic brain injury treated at a trauma center in Brazil from July 2013 to September 2015.  The objective efficacy of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Trauma and Injury Severity Scoring system (TRISS), New Trauma and Injury Severity Scoring system (NTRISS), Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)/head, Corticosteroid Randomization After Significant Head Injury (CRASH), and International Mission on Prognosis and Analysis of Clinical Trials (IMPACT) models in the prediction of mortality at 14 days and 6-months and unfavorable outcomes at 6 months was tested.

Genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in bovine mastitis and its possible implications for human and ecological health.

Bovine mastitis is a mammary gland inflammation that can occur due to infectious pathogens, and , which are, respectively, the most prevalent Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria associated with this disease. Currently, antibiotic treatment has become more complicated due to the presence of resistant pathogens. This review, therefore, aims to identify the most common resistance genes reported for these strains in the last four years.

Employment of mastoparan-like peptides to prevent associated with bovine mastitis.

Bovine mastitis is a frequent infection in lactating cattle, causing great economic losses. represents the main etiological agent, which causes recurrent and persistent intramammary infections because conventional antibiotics are ineffective against it. Mastoparan-like peptides are multifunctional molecules with broad antimicrobial potential, constituting an attractive alternative.

COVID-19 Computed tomography patterns in renal replacement therapy patients.

Introduction: Lung diseases are common in patients with end stage kidney disease (ESKD), making differential diagnosis with COVID-19 a challenge. This study describes pulmonary chest tomography (CT) findings in hospitalized ESKD patients on renal replacement therapy (RRT) with clinical suspicion of COVID-19.

Methods: ESKD individuals referred to emergency department older than 18 years with clinical suspicion of COVID-19 were recruited.