CT scan in the evaluation of pediatric abdominal trauma.

Objective: to assess the need of computed tomography (CT) for the definition of management in pediatric abdominal trauma.

Methods: observational retrospective study with patients under 18 years old victims of blunt or penetrating abdominal trauma that underwent CT of the abdomen and pelvis at admission. We evaluated CT scan findings, indications and management.

LAPAROSCOPIC INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR: THE LONG-TERM ASSESSMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN AND QUALITY OF LIFE.

Background: Laparoscopic approaches to inguinal hernia repair include transabdominal extraperitoneal and transabdominal preperitoneal, both of which are widely performed and employ mesh. Indicators of success for these surgical procedures include incidence of complications, time to return to daily activities, incidence of postoperative chronic pain, and the long-term postoperative patient satisfaction.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare long-term postoperative incidence of chronic pain and overall quality of life among patients undergoing transabdominal extraperitoneal or transabdominal preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair.

Clinical-epidemiological changes in patients with non-traumatic acute abdomen during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective study.

Objective: we intend to demonstrate the clinical alterations and the postoperative evolution in patients with acute abdomen non-traumatic in conservative or surgical treatment during the pandemic compared to a similar period in the last year.

Method: a single-center retrospective study, including patients who received clinical-surgical treatment at Hospital do Trabalhador diagnosed with acute abdomen between March and August 2020 and a similar period in 2019.Variables studied ranged from demographic data to indices of social isolation.

RISK FACTORS FOR SURGICAL WOUND INFECTION AFTER ELECTIVE LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY.

Background: One of the ways to avoid infection after surgical procedures is through antibiotic prophylaxis. This occurs in cholecystectomies with certain risk factors for infection. However, some guidelines suggest the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for all cholecystectomies, although current evidence does not indicate any advantage of this practice in the absence of risk factors.

RISK FACTORS FOR SURGICAL WOUND INFECTION AFTER ELECTIVE LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY.

Aim: One of the ways to avoid infection after surgical procedures is through antibiotic prophylaxis. This occurs in cholecystectomies with certain risk factors for infection. However, some guidelines suggest the use of antibiotic prophylaxis for all cholecystectomies, although current evidence does not indicate any advantage of this practice in the absence of risk factors.

CARVEDILOL AS PRIMARY PROPHYLAXIS FOR GASTRIC VARICEAL BLEEDING IN PORTAL HYPERTENSION MODEL IN RATS.

Background: Portal hypertension (PH) can be measured indirectly through a hepatic vein pressure gradient greater than 5 mmHg. Cirrhosis is the leading cause for PH and can present as complications ascites, hepatic dysfunction, renal dysfunction, and esophagogastric varices, characterizing gastropathy.

Aim: To evaluate the use of carvedilol as primary prophylaxis in the development of collateral circulation in rats submitted to the partial portal vein ligament (PPVL) model.

Surgical cricothyroidostomy. Analysis and comparison between teaching and validation models of simulator models.

Objective: to compare the acquisition and retention of knowledge about surgical cricothyroidostomy by the rapid four-step technique (RFST), when taught by expository lecture, low fidelity and high-fidelity simulation models.

Methods: ninety medical students at UFPR in the first years of training were randomized assigned into 3 groups, submitted to different teaching methods: 1) expository lectures, 2) low-fidelity simulator model, developed by the research team or 3) high-fidelity simulator model (commercial). The procedure chosen was surgical cricothyroidostomy using the RFST.

Predictive factors of low anterior resection syndrome following anterior resection of the rectum.

Objective: to identify predictors of low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) that can contribute to its early diagnosis and treatment.

Methods: we conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients undergoing anterior resection of the rectum between 2007 and 2017 in the Coloproctology Service of the Federal University of Parana Clinics Hospital. We performed Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) analysis to identify LARS predictive factors.

Evaluation of traumatic brain injury patients with signs of alcohol intoxication.

Objetive: to evaluate the influence of alcohol intoxication in the time to perform head computed tomography and tomographic findings in traumatic brain injury patients.

Methods: a retrospective study of 183 traumatic brain injury patients, divided into two groups: 90 alcoholics and 93 non-alcoholics. Time interval from patient's arrival at emergency room to tomography was calculated for comparison between the groups, and tomographic findings were analyzed.

Outcomes following Lower Extremity Amputation in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Peripheral Arterial Disease.

Background: Lower extremity amputations (LEAs) are projected to increase drastically in the United States. The potential effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) on LEA outcomes have not been well-explored. We sought to investigate the clinical outcomes of LEA in patients with DM alone, PAD alone, and patients with concurrent DM and PAD (DM + PAD) from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample.

Telemedicine and telementoring in the surgical specialties: A narrative review.

Background: The field of telemedicine has grown tremendously over the last decade. We present a systematic review of publications on telemedicine as it pertains to surgery, addressing six facets: 1) telerobotics, 2) telementoring, 3) teleconsulting, 4) telemedicine in post-operative follow-up, 5) tele-education, and 6) current technology.

Data Sources: A search of relevant literature querying PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct was performed using the following keywords: telecommunication, telemedicine, telehealth, virtual health, virtual medicine, general surgery, surgery, surgical or surgical patients.

Influence of trauma origin site on admission rates of patients submitted to emergency laparotomy.

Objective: to evaluate the influence of the site of trauma occurrence on the trauma scores of patients submitted to emergency laparotomy.

Methods: this is a retrospective, observational, analytical study. We included 212 patients who underwent exploratory laparotomies in the period of January 2015 and December 2017.

The role of computerized tomography in penetrating abdominal trauma.

Objective: to evaluate the role of abdominal computed tomography in the management of penetrating abdominal trauma.

Methods: we conducted a historical cohort study of patients treated for penetrating trauma in the anterior abdomen, dorsum or thoracoabdominal transition, that were submitted to a computed tomography carried out on admission. We evaluated the location of the wound and the presence of tomographic findings, and the management of these patients as for nonoperative treatment or laparotomy.