Amplification of the antioxidant properties of myricetin, fisetin, and morin following their oxidation.

Quercetin oxidation leads to the formation of a metabolite, 2-(3,4-dihydroxybenzoyl)-2,4,6-trihydroxy-3(2H)-benzofuranone, whose antioxidant potency was recently reported to be a 1000-fold higher than that of its precursor. The formation of similar metabolites (BZF) is limited to certain flavonols (FL), among which are myricetin, fisetin, and morin. Here we addressed the consequences of inducing the auto-oxidation of these flavonols in terms of their antioxidant properties (assessed in ROS-exposed Caco-2 cells).

Delphinidin Reduces Glucose Uptake in Mice Jejunal Tissue and Human Intestinal Cells Lines through FFA1/GPR40.

Anthocyanins are pigments with antihyperglycemic properties, and they are potential candidates for developing functional foods for the therapy or prevention of Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). The mechanism of these beneficial effects of anthocyanins are, however, hard to explain, given their very low bioavailability due to poor intestinal absorption. We propose that free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFA1, also named GPR40), is involved in an inhibitory effect of the anthocyanidin delphinidin over intestinal glucose absorption.