Pelage variation and morphometrics of closely related Callithrix marmoset species and their hybrids.

Background: Hybrids are expected to show greater phenotypic variation than their parental species, yet how hybrid phenotype expression varies with genetic distances in closely-related parental species remains surprisingly understudied. Here, we investigate pelage and morphometric trait variation in anthropogenic hybrids between four species of Brazilian Callithrix marmosets, a relatively recent primate radiation. Marmoset species are distinguishable by pelage phenotype and morphological specializations for eating tree exudates.

Atypical Prolonged Viral Shedding With Intra-Host SARS-CoV-2 Evolution in a Mildly Affected Symptomatic Patient.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is caused by a respiratory virus with a wide range of manifestations, varying from asymptomatic to fatal cases, with a generally short outcome. However, some individuals present long-term viral shedding. We monitored 38 individuals who were mildly affected by the SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Vasectomy of golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) using local anesthesia after sedation with dexmedetomidine-ketamine-meperidine.

The study evaluated the combination of ketamine, dexmedetomidine, and meperidine for vasectomy in golden-headed lion tamarins. Lidocaine infiltration was required for intraoperative analgesia and atipamezole was used at the end of the procedure. The protocol promoted satisfactory sedation and analgesia with a short recovery time in tamarins.

Mitogenomic phylogeny of Callithrix with special focus on human transferred taxa.

Background: Callithrix marmosets are a relatively young primate radiation, whose phylogeny is not yet fully resolved. These primates are naturally para- and allopatric, but three species with highly invasive potential have been introduced into the southeastern Brazilian Atlantic Forest by the pet trade. There, these species hybridize with each other and endangered, native congeners.

Energy Return on Investment (EROI) and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) of biofuels in Ecuador.

In Ecuador, the net energy contribution of biofuels is unknown or unnoticed. To address this issue, we determined the Energy Return on Investment (EROI) for bioethanol and biodiesel. The selection of raw materials relied on their productive capacity, export and import records, and historical yields.

Baseline Characteristics and Progression of a Spectrum of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities and Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background: Interstitial lung abnormalities (ILA) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) are seen in up to 60% of individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), some of which will progress to have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality rates. Better characterization of progressive interstitial changes and identification of risk factors that are associated with progression may enable earlier intervention and improved outcomes.

Research Question: What are baseline characteristics associated with RA-ILD progression?

Study Design And Methods: We performed a retrospective study in which all clinically indicated CT chest scans in adult individuals with RA from 2014 to 2016 were evaluated for interstitial changes, and the data were further subdivided into ILA and ILD based on clinical record review.

Spontaneous meningoencephalitis by Staphylococcus aureus in an infant golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas).

Non-human primates are susceptible to many bacteria, some of which bear zoonotic potential. We report the pathologic features of spontaneous fulminating meningoencephalitis by Staphylococcus aureus in a captive infant golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) from Brazil.

Early reversal of ketamine/dexmedetomidine chemical immobilization by atipamezole in golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas).

Background: A smooth and rapid recovery from anesthesia allowing safe release is desirable, especially for wild species. This study describes the clinical effects of the combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine and the partial reversal with atipamezole in golden-headed lion tamarins.

Methods: Dexmedetomidine 10 μg kg and ketamine 15 mg kg were administered to 45 golden-headed lion tamarins undergoing vasectomy.

Leptospira spp., rotavirus, norovirus, and hepatitis E virus surveillance in a wild invasive golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas; Kuhl, 1820) population from an urban park in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The world currently faces severe biodiversity losses caused by anthropogenic activities such as deforestation, pollution, the introduction of exotic species, habitat fragmentation, and climate changes. Disease ecology in altered environments is still poorly understood. The golden-headed lion tamarin (GHLT, Leontopithecus chrysomelas) is an endangered species that became invasive in an urban park in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Physicochemical characterization and sensory evaluation of yogurts incorporated with beta-carotene-loaded solid lipid microparticles stabilized with hydrolyzed soy protein isolate.

Beta-carotene is an extremely interesting bioactive compound in the food industry due to its antioxidant capacity and pro-vitamin A activity. However, its incorporation into food products can be challenging, as it is highly hydrophobic and chemically unstable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating beta-carotene-loaded solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) stabilized with a hydrolyzed soy protein isolate in yogurt.

Spontaneous retroperitoneal liposarcoma in a free-ranging juvenile golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas).

Malignant adipocytic neoplasia is rare among nonhuman primates. We report the gross and microscopic features of a retroperitoneal liposarcoma with myxofibrosarcoma-like dedifferentiation in a free-ranging juvenile golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas). To our knowledge, this is the first report of such tumor subtype in New World primates.

Evaluation of three chemical immobilization protocols in golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) undergoing vasectomy surgery.

Background: The golden-headed lion tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas), originally endemic to Bahia, was introduced in Rio de Janeiro. The species is currently found in remaining forests within the region of original occupation of the golden lion tamarin (Leontopithecus rosalia), which may compromise the survival of the golden lion tamarin. Groups of golden-headed lion tamarins were captured and translocated to Bahia.

Survey of Malassezia sp and dermatophytes in the cutaneous microbiome of free-ranging golden-headed lion tamarins (Leontopithecus chrysomelas - Kuhl, 1820).

Background: Data about the presence of fungi on the cutaneous surface of wild animals are scarce. The aim of this study was to survey dermatophytes and Malassezia sp in the external ear canal and haircoat of Leontopithecus chrysomelas.

Methods: A total of 928 clinical samples were collected from 232 animals: For Malassezia screening 696 samples were studied, 464 of cerumen and 232 of haircoat; another 232 haircoat samples were studied for dermatophyte analysis.

Encapsulation of Beta-carotene in Lipid Microparticles Stabilized with Hydrolyzed Soy Protein Isolate: Production Parameters, Alpha-tocopherol Coencapsulation and Stability Under Stress Conditions.

The objectives of this research were to study the encapsulation of beta-carotene (BC) in solid lipid microparticles (SLM) of palm stearin (PS) and stabilized with hydrolyzed soy protein isolate (HSPI), and also to investigate the effect of alpha-tocopherol (TOC) addition to the systems. Through the characterizations of SLM produced with different formulations, it was verified that systems with 5% (w/v) PS, 1.0% (w/v) HSPI, and 0.

Supporting in grief and burnout of the nursing team from pediatric units in Chilean hospitals.

Objective To know the levels of Burnout Syndrome and perception of grief support in nursing teams of oncology and pediatric intensive care in public hospitals in Chile. Method A study of descriptive cross-sectional design. The Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Grief Support Health Care Scale were applied to university-level and technical nursing professionals between March and November 2015.

Negative serosurvey of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in Golden-headed Lion Tamarin (Leontopithecus chrysomelas) from Niterói/RJ, Brazil.

New World Nonhuman Primates are highly susceptible to clinical toxoplasmosis. Serum samples from 126 recently captured Leontopithecus chrysomelas, from an exotic and invasive population, were tested for Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT, cut-off 1:25); all were seronegative. The MAT is highly specific and is not species-specific.