Alcohol use patterns and disorders among individuals with personality disorders in the Sao Paulo Metropolitan Area.

Introduction: Alcohol Use Disorders are frequently comorbid with personality disorders. However, the heterogeneity of the prevalence estimates is high, and most data come from high income countries. Our aim is to estimate the prevalence and association between alcohol use outcomes and the three DSM-5 clusters of personality disorders in a representative sample of the São Paulo Metropolitan Area.

Estimating Service Needs for Alcohol and Other Drug Users According to a Tiered Framework: The Case of the São Paulo, Brazil, Metropolitan Area.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the need for population-level services for alcohol and other drug abuse in support of local planning.

Method: Data were drawn from a subsample of 2,942 interviewees from the São Paulo Megacity Study, which evaluated mental health in the general population (18 years and older) of residents in the São Paulo metropolitan area. This population was classified into five hierarchical categories of severity, making it possible to obtain estimates of need for services, combining evaluation criteria regarding drug and alcohol use and general and mental health comorbidities over the last 12 months.

Dual burden of chronic physical diseases and anxiety/mood disorders among São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey Sample, Brazil.

Background: We assessed comorbid associations of 12-month DSM-IV mood/any anxiety disorders with chronic physical conditions within the São Paulo (SP) Megacity Mental Health cross-sectional survey of 5037 participants and explored whether strength of comorbid associations were modified when controlling for demographics.

Methods: Chi-square tests and logistic regressions were used to examine comorbid associations of DSM-IV mood/anxiety disorders as measured by the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0), and self-reported chronic physical conditions among adults from the SP Megacity Mental Health Survey.

Apexification of an Immature Permanent Incisor with the Use of Calcium Hydroxide: 16-Year Follow-Up of a Case.

Apexification is a process of forming a mineralized apical barrier and had been performed by using calcium hydroxide paste, due to its biological and healing performances in cases of existent trauma. This clinical report aims to report the results of a 16-year follow-up study of an apexification treatment applied to nonvital tooth 22 of a healthy 8-year-old male after a trauma. Clinical inspection of the tooth showed fractures of the incisal edge and mesial angle, absence of coronal mobility, and negative pulp vitality under cold testing.

Investigating dimensionality and measurement bias of DSM-5 alcohol use disorder in a representative sample of the largest metropolitan area in South America.

Background: Given the recent launch of a new diagnostic classification (DSM-5) for alcohol use disorders (AUD), we aimed to investigate its dimensionality and possible measurement bias in a non-U.S.

Methods: The current analyses were restricted to 948 subjects who endorsed drinking at least one drink per week in the past year from a sample of 5037 individuals.

Drinking patterns and alcohol use disorders in São Paulo, Brazil: the role of neighborhood social deprivation and socioeconomic status.

Background: Research conducted in high-income countries has investigated influences of socioeconomic inequalities on drinking outcomes such as alcohol use disorders (AUD), however, associations between area-level neighborhood social deprivation (NSD) and individual socioeconomic status with these outcomes have not been explored in Brazil. Thus, we investigated the role of these factors on drink-related outcomes in a Brazilian population, attending to male-female variations.

Methods: A multi-stage area probability sample of adult household residents in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area was assessed using the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI) (n = 5,037).

DSM-5 latent classes of alcohol users in a population-based sample: results from the São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey, Brazil.

Background: We aimed to identify different categorical phenotypes based upon the DSM-V criteria of alcohol use disorders (AUD) among alcohol users who had at least one drink per week in the past year (n=948).

Methods: Data are from the São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey collected in 2005-2007, as part of the World Mental Health Survey Initiative. A latent class analysis of the 11 DSM-5-AUD criteria was performed using Mplus, taking into account complex survey design features.

Days out-of-role due to common physical and mental health problems: results from the São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey, Brazil.

Objectives: To investigate the relative importance of common physical and mental disorders with regard to the number of days out-of-role (DOR; number of days for which a person is completely unable to work or carry out normal activities because of health problems) in a population-based sample of adults in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area, Brazil.

Methods: The São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey was administered during face-to-face interviews with 2,942 adult household residents. The presence of 8 chronic physical disorders and 3 classes of mental disorders (mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders) was assessed for the previous year along with the number of days in the previous month for which each respondent was completely unable to work or carry out normal daily activities due to health problems.

Effect of desensitizing toothpastes on dentin.

The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of toothbrushing with desensitizing toothpastes on dentin permeability and dentinal tubule occlusion. Fifty rats provided two hundred incisor teeth divided into five groups: DW, brushed with distilled water (control); FT, brushed with fluoride toothpaste; SCT, brushed with strontium chloride toothpaste; PCT, brushed with potassium citrate toothpaste; and PNT, brushed with potassium nitrate toothpaste. Cavities were prepared to expose the dentinal tubules, and the incisor teeth were brushed using the experimental agents.

Gender differences in drinking patterns and alcohol-related problems in a community sample in São Paulo, Brazil.

Objective: To investigate drinking patterns and gender differences in alcohol-related problems in a Brazilian population, with an emphasis on the frequency of heavy drinking.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a probability adult household sample (n = 1,464) in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Alcohol intake and ICD-10 psychopathology diagnoses were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview 1.

Mental disorders in megacities: findings from the São Paulo megacity mental health survey, Brazil.

Background: World population growth is projected to be concentrated in megacities, with increases in social inequality and urbanization-associated stress. São Paulo Metropolitan Area (SPMA) provides a forewarning of the burden of mental disorders in urban settings in developing world. The aim of this study is to estimate prevalence, severity, and treatment of recently active DSM-IV mental disorders.

Biocompatibility of four root canal sealers: a histopathological evaluation in rat subcutaneous connective tissue.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the subcutaneous biocompatibility of: Epiphany, AH Plus, Pulp Canal Sealer and Sealapex root canal sealers. Sixty rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups, according to the sealer. Polyethylene tubes containing the tested materials were inserted into the connective tissue.

Sociodemographic correlates of transitions from alcohol use to disorders and remission in the São Paulo megacity mental health survey, Brazil.

Aims: To evaluate sociodemographic correlates associated with transitions from alcohol use to disorders and remission in a Brazilian population.

Methods: Data are from a probabilistic, multi-stage clustered sample of adult household residents in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area. Alcohol use, regular use (at least 12 drinks/year), DSM-IV abuse and dependence and remission from alcohol use disorders (AUDs) were assessed with the World Mental Health version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview.

The psychosis continuum in the general population: findings from the São Paulo Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study.

The aim of the study was to examine the psychosis continuum in a Latin-American community setting. Data were from the Brazilian São Paulo Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study, a cross-sectional survey conducted in two boroughs of the city of São Paulo. The Composite International Diagnosis Interview (version 1.

Neuropsychological assessment of current and past crack cocaine users.

Background: Cognitive changes due to crack cocaine consumption remain unclear.

Methods: For clarification, 55 subjects were assigned to three groups: control group, crack cocaine current users, and ex-users. Participants were submitted to Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and tasks evaluating executive functioning and verbal memory.

Repair of furcal perforation with mineral trioxide aggregate: long-term follow-up of 2 cases.

Previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) in repair of furcal perforation. In this article, the use of MTA in treating 2 cases of furcal perforation (accidental and caries-related) and subsequent long-term follow-up are described.

Abnormal corpus callosum myelination in pediatric bipolar patients.

Background: Decreased signal intensity in the corpus callosum, reported in adult bipolar disorder patients, has been regarded as an indicator of abnormalities in myelination. Here we compared the callosal signal intensity of children and adolescents with bipolar disorder to that of matched healthy subjects, to investigate the hypothesis that callosal myelination is abnormal in pediatric bipolar patients.

Methods: Children and adolescents with DSM-IV bipolar disorder (n=16, mean age+/-S.

Heavy episodic drinking in the São Paulo epidemiologic catchment area study in Brazil: gender and sociodemographic correlates.

Objective: The aims of this study were to quantify heavy episodic drinking (HED) among adults living in two middle-class boroughs in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and to estimate possible effects of gender, age, and other sociodemographic factors.

Method: Data were taken from the São Paulo Catchment Area Study. A representative sample (N = 1,464) of the adult population living in households was assessed through Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 1.

Factors at play in faster progression for female pathological gamblers: an exploratory analysis.

Background: Previous studies reported a faster progression for alcohol dependence and pathological gambling among females as compared with males. This phenomenon was called the "telescoping effect." By comparing female gamblers with male gamblers regarding gambling preferences and comorbidity, the authors explored potential risk factors for telescoping.