Aerobic exercise training engages cholinergic signaling to improve emphysema induced by cigarette smoke exposure in mice.

Unlabelled: Lung inflammation is modulated by cholinergic signaling and exercise training protects mice against pulmonary emphysema development; however, whether exercise training engages cholinergic signaling is unknown.

Aims: As cholinergic signaling is directly linked to the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) levels, we evaluated whether the effects of aerobic exercise training depend on the VAChT levels in mice with pulmonary emphysema.

Main Methods: Wild-type (WT) and mutant (KD) mice (65-70% of reduction in VAChT levels) were exposed to cigarette smoke (30 min, 2×/day, 5×/week, 12 weeks) and submitted or not to aerobic exercise training on a treadmill (60 min/day, 5×/week, 12 weeks).

Author Correction: A possible association between fructose consumption and pulmonary emphysema.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Aerobic exercise training attenuates detrimental effects of cigarette smoke exposure on peripheral muscle through stimulation of the Nrf2 pathway and cytokines: a time-course study in mice.

Cigarette smoke (CS) exposure reduces skeletal muscle function; however, the mechanisms involved have been poorly investigated. The current study evaluated the temporal effects of aerobic exercise training on oxidant and antioxidant systems as well as inflammatory markers in skeletal muscle of mice exposed to CS. Mice were randomly allocated to control, exercise, smoke, and smoke+exercise groups and 3 time points (4, 8, and 12 weeks; = 12 per group).

Aerobic exercise modulates cardiac NAD(P)H oxidase and the NRF2/KEAP1 pathway in a mouse model of chronic fructose consumption.

The present study investigated the effects of exercise on the cardiac nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2) factor 2 (NRF2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) pathway in an experimental model of chronic fructose consumption. Male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to Control, Fructose (20% fructose in drinking water), Exercise (treadmill exercise at moderate intensity), and Fructose + Exercise groups ( = 10). After 12 wk, the energy intake and body weight in the groups were similar.

A possible association between fructose consumption and pulmonary emphysema.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a syndrome that comprises several distinct and overlapping phenotypes. In addition to persistent airflow limitation and respiratory symptoms, COPD is also characterized by chronic systemic inflammation. Epidemiological studies have shown that dietary fibers, fruits and vegetables intake protects against the COPD development, while fructose-loading is associated with increased risk of asthma and chronic bronchitis.

The tick-derived rBmTI-A protease inhibitor attenuates the histological and functional changes induced by cigarette smoke exposure.

Introduction: Smoking is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease development and cigarette smoke (CS) exposure is considered an important approach to reproduce in rodents this human disease. We have previously shown that in an elastase-induced model of emphysema, the administration of a protease inhibitor (rBmTI-A) prevented and attenuated tissue destruction in mice. Thus, in this study we aimed to verify the effects of rBmTI-A administration on the physiopathological mechanisms of CS-induced emphysema.

Time-course effects of aerobic physical training in the prevention of cigarette smoke-induced COPD.

A previous study by our group showed that regular exercise training (ET) attenuated pulmonary injury in an experimental model of chronic exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) in mice, but the time-course effects of the mechanisms involved in this protection remain poorly understood. We evaluated the temporal effects of regular ET in an experimental model of chronic CS exposure. Male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: Control (sedentary + air), Exercise (aerobic training + air), Smoke (sedentary + smoke), and Smoke + Exercise (aerobic training + smoke).