The swine production chain can be a reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant , which transfers resistance genes to other bacteria, serving as an important biomarker in the One Health approach. This study aimed to identify the frequency and antimicrobial resistance profile of in the swine production chain, assess the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), and compare resistance profiles across different sample types. A total of 622 samples of swine carcasses from various points of the slaughter process (n = 400), swine feces (n = 100), commercial cuts (n = 45), environment (n = 67), and feces from employees (n = 10) of a pig slaughterhouse certified by the Federal Inspection Service, located in São Paulo state, Brazil, were collected.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Res Int
November 2023
This study aimed to evaluate the level of counting by indicator microorganisms, identify the microbial ecology, detect Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella sp., and determine the presence of virulence genes and biofilm formation. A total of 480 samples were collected from the surfaces of the equipment and utensils using sterile swabs for the detection of L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbstract: The traffic in international animal products can become a public health hazard when legal import sanitary procedures are not followed. In Brazil, due to its extensive border area, the importation of animal products is a common practice in many areas, especially in Rio Grande do Sul, a state that borders Argentina and Uruguay. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of veterinary drug residues (antibiotics and antiparasitics) in animal products consumed in Rio Grande do Sul.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOne Health
June 2022
The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of adenovirus (AdV), rotavirus (RV), and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in beef, pork, and chicken meat cuts in retail trade in the city of Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil. A total of 131 meat products were collected (beef, = 55; chicken, = 47; pork, = 29) from 18 commercial establishments (supermarkets, = 7; butchers, = 7; markets/grocery stores, n = 4). All samples were evaluated for AdV, RV, and HEV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe protozoan Toxoplasma gondii infects virtually all warm-blooded animals, including bats. Depending on the diet, bats are classified as frugivorous, insectivorous, omnivorous, hematophagous, nectarivorous and carnivorous. The seroprevalence of T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Toxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. Among all intermediate hosts of T. gondii, captive marsupials from Australia and New Zealand are highly susceptible to clinical toxoplasmosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. The present review summarizes worldwide information on the prevalence of clinical and subclinical infections, epidemiology, diagnosis, and genetic diversity of T. gondii in non-human primates (NHP) for the past decade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasmosis is a zoonosis of global distribution, and infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. Hares and rabbits are important small game species, and their meat is consumed by humans in many countries. Demand for rabbit meat for human consumption is increasing; therefore, toxoplasmosis in rabbits and hares is of epidemiological significance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. The present review summarizes worldwide information on the prevalence of clinical and subclinical infections, epidemiology, diagnosis, and genetic diversity of T. gondii in wild canids and other carnivores for the past decade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. T. gondii causes mortality in several species of marine mammals, including threatened Southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris) and endangered Hawaiian monk seals (Monachus schauinslandi).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. Toxoplasma gondii infection in pigs continues to be of public health concern. Pigs are important for the economy of many countries, particularly, USA, China, and European countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasma gondii infections are common in humans and animals worldwide. The present review summarizes worldwide information on the prevalence of clinical and subclinical infections, epidemiology, diagnosis, and genetic diversity of T. gondii in dogs (Canis familiaris) from 2009-2020.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbstract: Toxoplasmosis has been recognized as a major public health problem worldwide. The consumption of uncooked or undercooked meat infected with Toxoplasma gondii tissue cysts is one of the main means of transmission of this parasite. Although sheep, goats, and pigs are commonly infected with T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn a national survey of fresh, unfrozen, American pasture-raised lamb and pork, the prevalence of viable was determined in 1500 samples selected by random multistage sampling (750 pork, 750 lamb) obtained from 250 retail meat stores from 10 major geographic areas in the USA. Each sample consisted of a minimum of 500g of meat purchased from the retail meat case. To detect viable , 50g meat samples of each of 1500 samples were bioassayed in mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeosporosis is a common cause of abortion in cattle worldwide but is rare in horses. Here, the first case of histologically, ultrastructurally, immunohistochemically, and molecularly confirmed equine abortion caused by neosporosis is reported. Samples of lung, heart, liver, skeletal muscle, tongue, brain, and the placenta from a female fetus aborted at 280 days of gestation were fixed in formalin and submitted for diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmong the meat sources of Toxoplasma gondii, pork is considered important in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis in the USA. How soon after infection T. gondii forms tissue cysts in pork is unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasmosis in wild turkeys () is of epidemiological interest because turkeys feed from the ground, and detection of infection in turkeys indicates contamination by oocysts in the environment. During the 2018 spring hunting season in Pennsylvania, fresh (unfixed, not frozen) samples were obtained from 20 harvested wild turkeys and tested for infection. Hearts from all wild turkeys and skeletal muscle from 1 were bioassayed for by inoculation in outbred Swiss Webster (SW) and interferon-gamma gene knockout (KO) mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHere, we report confirmation of sarcocysts of Sarcocystis jamaicensis in an experimental intermediate host, IFN-γ gene knockout (KO) mice orally inoculated sporocysts from its natural definitive host, a red-tailed hawk ( Buteo jamaicensis) (RTH). A RTH submitted to the Carolina Raptor Center, Huntersville, North Carolina, was euthanized because it could not be rehabilitated and released. Fully sporulated sporocysts from intestinal scrapings of the RTH were orally fed to 2 laboratory-reared outbred Swiss Webster mice (SW; Mus musculus) and to 2 KO mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSarcocystis sarcocysts are common in many species of domestic and wild animals. Here, we report sarcocystosis in muscles from 91 free range elk (Cervus elaphus) from Pennsylvania, USA, tested by histopathology, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and DNA sequencing. Sarcocysts were detected in hematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained sections from 83 of 91 (91.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRodents are known to be reservoir hosts of Toxoplasma gondii infection for other animals, such as cats and pigs. From February to July 2017, 167 rats ( Rattus norvegicus) were trapped in Grenada, and serum, heart, skeletal muscle, and brain were examined for T. gondii infection by serological examination (modified agglutination test, 1:25) for T.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxoplasmosis in marine mammals is epidemiologically and clinically important. Toxoplasma gondii antibodies (by modified agglutination test, cut-off ≥1:25) were detected in serum of 65 of 70 (92.9%) northern sea otters (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) from Washington State, USA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMost eukaryotic parasites are obligately heteroxenous, requiring sequential infection of different host species in order to survive. is a rare exception to this rule, having a uniquely facultative heteroxenous life cycle. To understand the origins of this phenomenon, we compared development and stress responses in to those of its its obligately heteroxenous relative, and have identified multiple growth states that are distinct from those in Of these, the most dramatic difference was that was refractory to stressors that robustly induce cyst formation in and this was reflected most dramatically in its unchanging transcriptome after stress exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRodents are intermediate hosts for many species of Sarcocystis. Little is known of Sarcocystis cymruensis that uses the Brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) as intermediate hosts and the domestic cat (Felis catus) as experimental definitive host. Here, we identified and described Sarcocystis cymruensis in naturally infected R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBovine besnoitiosis, caused by Besnoitia besnoiti, is an economically important disease of cattle in many countries but its transmission remains a mystery. Wild felids are suspected to be its definitive hosts. The domestic cat (Felis catus) is known experimental definitive host for Besnoitia species of rodents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent decline of sea ice habitat has coincided with increased use of land by polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from the southern Beaufort Sea (SB), which may alter the risks of exposure to pathogens and contaminants. We assayed blood samples from SB polar bears to assess prior exposure to the pathogens Brucella spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Coxiella burnetii, Francisella tularensis, and Neospora caninum, estimate concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and evaluate risk factors associated with exposure to pathogens and POPs.
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