Development of a predictive score to discriminate community acquired pneumonia with underlying lung cancer: A retrospective case - control study.

Background: A pneumonic infiltrate might hide an occult lung cancer (LC). This awareness depends on each clinician personal experience, turning definitive LC diagnosis challenging and possibly delayed. In this study we aimed to develop a clinical score to better identify those cases.

Unusual Urologic Metastasis From Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Compilation of Case Reports and Literature Review.

Gastrointestinal cancers are highly prevalent around the world. In the metastatic setting, the most usual sites for metastases are the liver, lymph nodes, peritoneum, and lung. Urologic metastases are very rare.

Clostridium difficile Severity and Outcome at a North of Portugal Healthcare Facility.

Introduction: Clostridium difficile infection has been increasingly reported, with a significant healthcare burden and important morbimortality. This study aimed to characterize and describe the severity and outcomes of this event at a Portuguese hospital.

Material And Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis, by clinical record review, of all confirmed cases diagnosed in a hospital in the North of Portugal, between January 2013 and December 2018.

High resolution melting analysis of KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA in KRAS exon 2 wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer.

Background: KRAS is an EGFR effector in the RAS/RAF/ERK cascade that is mutated in about 40% of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Activating mutations in codons 12 and 13 of the KRAS gene are the only established negative predictors of response to anti-EGFR therapy and patients whose tumors harbor such mutations are not candidates for therapy. However, 40 to 60% of wild-type cases do not respond to anti-EGFR therapy, suggesting the involvement of other genes that act downstream of EGFR in the RAS-RAF-MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways or activating KRAS mutations at other locations of the gene.

Comparison of methodologies for KRAS mutation detection in metastatic colorectal cancer.

Cetuximab and panitumumab are two monoclonal antibodies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor that have been approved for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. Recent clinical trials found an association between KRAS mutation status and resistance to anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy, leading to the recommendation to perform KRAS mutation analysis before cetuximab or panitumumab treatment. This study was designed to compare and evaluate the efficacy of four different methodologies--high resolution melting, Sanger sequencing, DxS kit, and SNaPshot--for KRAS mutation detection in a clinical setting.

Hereditary gastrointestinal stromal tumors sharing the KIT Exon 17 germline mutation p.Asp820Tyr develop through different cytogenetic progression pathways.

Hereditary gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder originated by germline mutations in the KIT or PDGFRA genes. We report the third family with hereditary predisposition to GIST due to the KIT Exon 17 germline mutation p.Asp820Tyr and characterize the cytogenetic progression pathways followed by different GIST sharing the same primary genetic event, using a combination of chromosome banding, comparative genomic hybridization (CGH), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses.