Thyroid dysgenesis associated with dwarfism, osteoporosis and spontaneous fractures in a goat.

An 11-month-old female Saanen goat, weighing 12.7 kg, was taken to the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Minas Gerais because of sternal recumbency. On clinical examination, the animal was much smaller than expected and had hair similar to that of puppies and areas of hyperpigmentation on the head and dorsocervical and dorsothoracic cranial regions.

Pulmonary Rehabilitation Associated with Noninvasive Ventilation on Physical Capacity and Quality of Life in Post-COVID-19: A Randomized Controlled Double-Blinded Clinical Trial Protocol.

Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) seems to be a better choice to improve physical and functional capacity after acute infection. However, there is a lack of evidence regarding the effects of different strategies to optimize post-acute phase rehabilitation and reduce long COVID-19 physical deteriorations.

Objective: To compare the use of a noninvasive ventilation (NIV) plus aerobic exercise strategy during PR program with to a standard PR (without NIV) on physical capacity and quality of life outcomes in post-COVID-19.

Metastatic cutaneous myxosarcoma in an adult horse.

A 25-year-old mixed-breed equine with separate nodular cutaneous lesions in the right thoracic limb (RTL) and right ventral abdominal region was admitted to a Veterinary Hospital in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was performed on the RTL lesion and superficial cervical lymph node, and the results were suggestive of a malignant neoplasm known as myxosarcoma. Due to the unfavorable prognosis, the animal was euthanized.

Evaluation of the anti-diabetic drug sitagliptin as a novel attenuate to SARS-CoV-2 evidence-based in silico: molecular docking and molecular dynamics.

Unlabelled: The current outbreak of COVID-19 cases worldwide has been responsible for a significant number of deaths, especially in hospitalized patients suffering from comorbidities, such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension. The disease not only has prompted an interest in the pathophysiology, but also it has propelled a massive race to find new anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs. In this scenario, known drugs commonly used to treat other diseases have been suggested as alternative or complementary therapeutics.

Activation of the α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Prevents against Microglial-Induced Inflammation and Insulin Resistance in Hypothalamic Neuronal Cells.

Neuronal hypothalamic insulin resistance is implicated in energy balance dysregulation and contributes to the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Its development has been intimately associated with a neuroinflammatory process mainly orchestrated by activated microglial cells. In this regard, our study aimed to investigate a target that is highly expressed in the hypothalamus and involved in the regulation of the inflammatory process, but still poorly investigated within the context of neuronal insulin resistance: the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR).

Pathology in Practice.

In collaboration with the American College of Veterinary Pathologists.

Coproparasitologic survey of gastrointestinal parasites in a captive leopard geckos collection (Eublepharis macularius).

An increase in exotic animal imports has been noticed in the last decades worldwide. In this scenario, reptiles represent a quite popular group of interest as exotic pets. However, they can harbor pathogens that under inadequate captivity conditions can lead to disease expression and sometimes death.

Retrospective and prospective studies of transmissible viral proventriculitis in broiler chickens in Brazil.

We investigated the occurrence and pathologic findings of transmissible viral proventriculitis (TVP) associated with the chicken proventricular necrosis virus (CPNV) in commercial broiler chickens in southeastern Brazil. Seventy-three broilers, 25-36 d old, with a history of reduced growth, were referred to our veterinary pathology services from 2013 to 2017. Broilers were clinically examined, weighed, and euthanized for postmortem examination.

Low-Dose Coconut Oil Supplementation Induces Hypothalamic Inflammation, Behavioral Dysfunction, and Metabolic Damage in Healthy Mice.

Scope: Coconut oil (CO) diets remain controversial due to the possible association with metabolic disorder and obesity. This study investigates the metabolic effects of a low amount of CO supplementation.

Methods And Results: Swiss male mice are assigned to be supplemented orally during 8 weeks with 300 µL of water for the control group (CV), 100 or 300 µL of CO (CO100 and CO300) and 100 or 300 µL of soybean oil (SO; SO100 and SO300).

Ectopic dioctophymosis in a dog - Clinical, diagnostic and pathological challenges of a silent disease.

A 9-month old, female, stray dog was rescued and conducted to a university veterinary hospital. Moderate anemia was observed and abdominal ultrasound revealed pancreatitis. Right kidney was not visualized due to intestinal gas.

Short-Term High-Fat Diet Consumption Reduces Hypothalamic Expression of the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor α7 Subunit (α7nAChR) and Affects the Anti-inflammatory Response in a Mouse Model of Sepsis.

Sepsis is one of the leading causes of death in hospitalized patients and the chronic and low-grade inflammation observed in obesity seems to worsen susceptibility and morbidity of infections. However, little is known with respect to a short-term high-fat diet (HFD) and its role in the development of sepsis. Here, we show for the first time, that short-term HFD consumption impairs early nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 subunit (α7nAChR)- mediated signaling, one of the major components of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, with a focus on hypothalamic inflammation and innate immune response.

Evaluation of peak expiratory flow in adolescents and its association with inhalable particulate in a Brazilian medium-sized city.

Introduction: High particulate matter (PM10) concentrations are associated with increased incidence of respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function. This study evaluates the air pollution effects in children's and adolescents' lung function using peak expiratory flow (PEF) measurements over a given period, in an area exposed to industrial emissions.

Methodology: This was a panel study.

Vimentin, osteocalcin and osteonectin expression in canine primary bone tumors: diagnostic and prognostic implications.

Canine primary bone tumors have a plastic radiographic image, demanding histopathological confirmation. Bone tumors are characterized by the type and amount of extracellular matrix produced what cannot be easily recognized, especially in biopsy samples. Identifying cellular markers that could aid diagnosis has supported various studies in oncological pathology.

Multimodal Evaluation of Patients with Acute Posterior Multifocal Placoid Pigment Epitheliopathy and Serpiginous Choroiditis.

Purpose: To evaluate retinal and choroidal changes in patients with non-granulomatous choroiditis using the multimodality imaging (MMI).

Methods: Eight eyes of four patients were analyzed. Three patients (six eyes) were diagnosed with serpiginous choroiditis (SC) and one patient (two eyes) with acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE).

Different interactomes for p70-S6K1 and p54-S6K2 revealed by proteomic analysis.

S6Ks are major effectors of the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) pathway, signaling for increased protein synthesis and cell growth in response to insulin, AMP/ATP levels, and amino acids. Deregulation of this pathway has been related to disorders and diseases associated with metabolism, such as obesity, diabetes, and cancer. S6K family is composed of two main members, S6K1 and S6K2, which comprise different isoforms resulted from alternative splicing or alternative start codon use.

S6Ks isoforms contribute to viability, migration, docetaxel resistance and tumor formation of prostate cancer cells.

Background: The S6 Kinase (S6K) proteins are some of the main downstream effectors of the mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR) and act as key regulators of protein synthesis and cell growth. S6K is overexpressed in a variety of human tumors and is correlated to poor prognosis in prostate cancer. Due to the current urgency to identify factors involved in prostate cancer progression, we aimed to reveal the cellular functions of three S6K isoforms-p70-S6K1, p85-S6K1 and p54-S6K2-in prostate cancer, as well as their potential as therapeutic targets.

Shade of Resin-Based Luting Agents and Final Color of Porcelain Veneers.

Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of different shades of flowable resin composite used as luting agent on the final shade of porcelain veneers of different opacities over A2 and B1 simulated dental substrate.

Materials And Methods: One millimeter monolithic (enamel E1.0 or dentin D1.

Contrast-induced nephropathy after primary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction.

Introduction: The prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is difficult in emergency situations, making it essential to study CIN in patients submitted to urgent angioplasty.

Objective: To determine the incidence and associated factors to CIN in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) submitted to primary angioplasty in the first 12 hours after onset of symptoms.

Methods: We studied 201 consecutive cases of MI with ST-segment elevation with less than 12 hours of evolution.

The S6K protein family in health and disease.

The S6K proteins are mTOR pathway effectors and accumulative evidence suggest that mTOR/S6K signaling contributes to several pathological conditions, such as diabetes, cancer and obesity. The activation of the mTOR/S6K axis stimulates protein synthesis and cell growth. S6K1 has two well-known isoforms, p70-S6K1 and p85-S6K1, generated by alternative translation initiation sites.