Combined Therapy of ATRA and Imatinib Mesylate Decreases BCR-ABL and ABCB1/MDR1 Expression Through Cellular Differentiation in a Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Model.

Background/aim: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease, and a major challenge for the eradication of CML is to understand the cause of the permanence of minimal residual disease (DRM). This work aimed to induce the maturation of leukemic stem cells with All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), making them sensitive to treatment with Imatinib (IM).

Materials And Methods: K562 cells were treated with IM and with the combined therapy of ATRA together with IM for 48 and 72 h.

Markers of oxidative-nitrosative stress induced by artesunate are followed by clastogenic and aneugenic effects and apoptosis in human lymphocytes.

Artesunate (ARS) is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin, used as an outstanding antimalarial drug, which also displays antitumor, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. In spite of the numerous reports showing the antitumor activity of ARS, the particular mechanisms associated with its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in non-neoplastic human cells remain unclear. Here we aimed to verify the specific chromosome damages and the changes in markers of oxidative-nitrosative stress and apoptosis triggered by ARS exposure in human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Dermoscopy assisting the diagnosis of mycetoma: case report and literature review.

Mycetomas are a chronic skin infection characterized by perilesional edema, formation of sinus tracts, and discharge of purulent or seropurulent exudate containing grains. This report aims to demonstrate the clinical diagnosis (by dermoscopy) of a skin lesion that initially bared no clinical features of a mycetoma.