Rates of Echocardiography, Coronary Angiography, and Coronary Intervention Associated With Troponin Testing in Hospitalized Patients.

Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) often depends on detection of cardiac troponin elevation >99th percentile. However, troponin elevation is commonly found in patients without AMI. We have previously reported an association between troponin elevation and rates of electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography (ECHO), and coronary angiography (CAG) in patients with a primary diagnosis of sepsis.

Nitrous oxide-induced vitamin B12 deficiency.

Nitrous oxide is a gas that is odorless, colorless, and has a sweet taste at room temperature. Nitrous oxide has several uses, including in surgery and dentistry (referred to as "laughing gas"), in automotive racing, and in aerosol spray propellants. The aerosol spray propellants that typically use nitrous oxide are whipped cream canisters and cooking sprays.

Trileaflet Mitral Valve with Three Papillary Muscles Associated with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Novel Case.

Congenital mitral valve (MV) malformations are uncommon, except for MV prolapse. Despite their infrequency, most of them are well-known and defined entities, such as congenital MV stenosis with two papillary muscles, parachute MV, supravalvular mitral ring, hypoplastic MV, isolated cleft in the anterior and/or posterior leaflets, and double-orifice MV. A trileaflet MV with three separate papillary muscles with concordant atrioventricular and ventricle-arterial connections is exceptionally rare.