Activation of the AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways and the inhibitory effects of rapamycin on those pathways in canine malignant melanoma cell lines.

Objective: To investigate the activation of the AKT and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways and assess the inhibitory effects of rapamycin on those pathways in canine malignant melanoma cells.

Sample Population: 3 established primary canine melanoma cell lines generated from naturally occurring tumors.

Procedures: Expressions of total and phosphorylated AKT, mTOR, and p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K) in canine melanoma cells that were or were not exposed to 10nM rapamycin were assessed via western blot analysis.

Temporal changes in characteristics of injection-site sarcomas in cats: 392 cases (1990-2006).

Objective: To evaluate changes in characteristics of feline injection-site sarcomas (ISSs) from 1990 through 2006.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Animals: 392 cats with a histologic diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma, osteosarcoma, or chondrosarcoma at potential injection sites.