Preclinical Evaluation of Ga- and Lu-Labeled Integrin αβ-Targeting Radiotheranostic Peptides.

The integrin αβ, an epithelium-specific cell surface receptor, is overexpressed on numerous malignancies, including the highly lethal pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Here, we developed and tested a novel αβ-targeting peptide, DOTA-5G () radiolabeled with Ga, for PET/CT imaging and Lu for treatment. With the goal to develop a radiotheranostic, further modifications were made for increased circulation time, renal recycling, and tumor uptake, yielding DOTA-albumin-binding moiety-5G ().

Radioembolization Dosimetry with Total-Body Y PET.

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is a locoregional radiopharmaceutical therapy based on the delivery of radioactive Y microspheres to liver tumors. The importance of personalized dosimetry to make TARE safer and more effective has been demonstrated in recent clinical studies, stressing the need for quantification of the dose-response relationship to ultimately optimize the administered activity before treatment and image it after treatment. Y dosimetric studies are challenging because of the lack of accurate and precise methods but are best realized with PET combined with Monte Carlo simulations and other image modalities to calculate a segmental dose distribution.

Multiparametric cardiacF-FDG PET in humans: pilot comparison of FDG delivery rate withRb myocardial blood flow.

Myocardial blood flow (MBF) and flow reserve are usually quantified in the clinic with positron emission tomography (PET) using a perfusion-specific radiotracer (e.g.Rb-chloride).

Multiparametric Cardiac F-FDG PET in Humans: Kinetic Model Selection and Identifiability Analysis.

Cardiac F-FDG PET has been used in clinics to assess myocardial glucose metabolism. Its ability for imaging myocardial glucose transport, however, has rarely been exploited in clinics. Using the dynamic FDG-PET scans of ten patients with coronary artery disease, we investigate in this paper appropriate dynamic scan and kinetic modeling protocols for efficient quantification of myocardial glucose transport.

αβ-Targeted Molecular PET/CT Imaging of the Lungs After SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

The true impact and long-term damage to organs such as the lungs after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remain to be determined. Noninvasive molecularly targeted imaging may play a critical role in aiding visualization and understanding of the systemic damage. We have identified αβ as a molecular target; an epithelium-specific cell surface receptor that is low or undetectable in healthy adult epithelium but upregulated in select injured tissues, including fibrotic lung.

Personalized Dosimetry for Liver Cancer Y-90 Radioembolization Using Computational Fluid Dynamics and Monte Carlo Simulation.

Yttrium-90 (Y-90) transarterial radioembolization uses radioactive microspheres injected into the hepatic artery to irradiate liver tumors internally. One of the major challenges is the lack of reliable dosimetry methods for dose prediction and dose verification. We present a patient-specific dosimetry approach for personalized treatment planning based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the microsphere transport combined with Y-90 physics modeling called CFDose.

Opportunistic body composition evaluation in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma: association of survival with F-FDG PET/CT muscle metrics.

Objective: F-FDG PET is widely used to accurately stage numerous types of cancers. Although F-FDG PET/CT features of tumors aid in predicting patient prognosis, there is increasing interest in mining additional quantitative body composition data that could improve the prognostic power of F-FDG PET/CT, without additional examination costs or radiation exposure. The aim of this study was to determine the association between overall survival and body composition metrics derived from routine clinical F-FDG PET/CT examinations.

Relational and Spiritual Coping Among Emerging and Young Adult Cancer Survivors.

Cancer presents uncertainties for individuals of any age; however, emerging and young adults (EYA) are challenged to cope with developmental tasks in addition to cancer-related stressors. Guided by the double ABC-X model and biopsychosocial-spiritual framework, the current study investigates coping strategies used by this population and the role of psychological resources (perception of parental care/control and spirituality) on their coping ability. Recruited from online social media, 210 EYA cancer survivors self-reported demographic, medical information, and completed the Brief Cope scale.

Understanding chondrodysplasia (cho): A comprehensive review of cho as an animal model of birth defects, disorders, and molecular mechanisms.

Background: The mutant chondrodysplasia (cho) is a cartilage-targeting disorder in C57BL mice that results in dwarfing and other malformations stemming from this collagenopathy. Clarke Fraser made the discovery of the mutation accidentally in the early 1960s during the thalidomide tragedy.

Methods: For this review we identified key research on cho as since its discovery.

Preclinical Development and First-in-Human Imaging of the Integrin αβ with [F]αβ-Binding Peptide in Metastatic Carcinoma.

Purpose: The study was undertaken to develop and evaluate the potential of an integrin αβ-binding peptide (αβ-BP) for noninvasive imaging of a diverse range of malignancies with PET.

Experimental Design: The peptide αβ-BP was prepared on solid phase and radiolabeled with 4-[F]fluorobenzoic acid. testing included ELISA, serum stability, and cell binding studies using paired αβ-expressing and αβ-null cell lines.

Particle disease on fluoride-18 (NaF) PET/CT imaging.

Particle disease is a loss of bone that commonly occurs about five years after arthroplasty. The cause is secondary to microabrasive wear and shedding of any portion of the prosthesis, and the microscopic foreign bodies activate inflammation which can lead to pain. This report describes the imaging findings of an 80-year-old female with particle disease detected with 18F-fluoride PET/CT.

Mediastinoscopy might not be necessary in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with mediastinal lymph nodes having a maximum standardized uptake value of less than 5.3.

Objective: Accurate pretreatment staging in non-small cell lung cancer remains tantamount in formulating an appropriate treatment plan. The maximum standardized uptake value obtained with integrated fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography has been proposed to be a predictor of malignancy in mediastinal lymph nodes. A recent study has also suggested that accuracy of integrated fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography might be improved by increasing the maximum standardized uptake value used for calling a lymph node positive from 2.