Differences in the expression of cortex-wide neural dynamics are related to behavioral phenotype.

Behavior differs across individuals, ranging from typical to atypical phenotypes. Understanding how differences in behavior relate to differences in neural activity is critical for developing treatments of neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. One hypothesis is that differences in behavior reflect individual differences in the dynamics of how information flows through the brain.

Transvenous biopsy of inferior vena cava leiomyosarcoma: two case reports.

Leiomyosarcomas of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are uncommon malignancies. There is limited research detailing optimal diagnostic and clinical management. Here, we present 2 unique cases of IVC leiomyosarcoma including one in which the mass was partially ruptured through the vessel at initial presentation.

Endovascular resolution of complete common iliac vein stenosis in a case of May-Thurner syndrome with underlying malignancy.

Introduction And Importance: May-Thurner Syndrome (MTS) is an uncommon etiology of left common iliac vein thrombosis due to arterial compression. In this report, we describe a case of MTS with severe occlusion of the left common iliac vein in the context of a previously undiagnosed pancreatic cancer. We detail the endovascular resolution of the iliac vein compression and show long-term patency.

Multiplexed Subspaces Route Neural Activity Across Brain-wide Networks.

Cognition is flexible. Behaviors can change on a moment-by-moment basis. Such flexibility is thought to rely on the brain's ability to route information through different networks of brain regions in order to support different cognitive computations.

Perineuronal Nets in the Dorsomedial Striatum Contribute to Behavioral Dysfunction in Mouse Models of Excessive Repetitive Behavior.

Background: Excessive repetitive behavior is a debilitating symptom of several neuropsychiatric disorders. Parvalbumin-positive inhibitory interneurons in the dorsal striatum have been linked to repetitive behavior, and a sizable portion of these cells are surrounded by perineuronal nets (PNNs), specialized extracellular matrix structures. Although PNNs have been associated with plasticity and neuropsychiatric disease, no previous studies have investigated their involvement in excessive repetitive behavior.

A Goldilocks theory of cognitive control: Balancing precision and efficiency with low-dimensional control states.

Cognitive control orchestrates interactions between brain regions, guiding the transformation of information to support contextually appropriate and goal-directed behaviors. In this review, we propose a hierarchical model of cognitive control where low-dimensional control states direct the flow of high-dimensional representations between regions. This allows cognitive control to flexibly adapt to new environments and maintain the representational capacity to capture the richness of the world.

Learning to control the brain through adaptive closed-loop patterned stimulation.

Objective: Stimulation of neural activity is an important scientific and clinical tool, causally testing hypotheses and treating neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases. However, current stimulation approaches cannot flexibly control the pattern of activity in populations of neurons. To address this, we developed a model-free, adaptive, closed-loop stimulation (ACLS) system that learns to use multi-site electrical stimulation to control the pattern of activity of a population of neurons.

Low-Dimensional Spatiotemporal Dynamics Underlie Cortex-wide Neural Activity.

Cognition arises from the dynamic flow of neural activity through the brain. To capture these dynamics, we used mesoscale calcium imaging to record neural activity across the dorsal cortex of awake mice. We found that the large majority of variance in cortex-wide activity (∼75%) could be explained by a limited set of ∼14 "motifs" of neural activity.

Use of electric field sensors for recording respiration, heart rate, and stereotyped motor behaviors in the rodent home cage.

Background: Numerous environmental and genetic factors can contribute significantly to behavioral and cardiorespiratory variability observed experimentally. Affordable technologies that allow for noninvasive home cage capture of physio-behavioral variables should enhance understanding of inter-animal variability including after experimental interventions.

New Method: We assessed whether EPIC electric field sensors (Plessey Semiconductors) embedded within or attached externally to a rodent's home cage could accurately record respiration, heart rate, and motor behaviors.