Impact of Cannabidiol and Exercise on Clinical Outcomes and Gut Microbiota for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Cancer Survivors: A Case Report.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) remains a clinical challenge for up to 80% of breast cancer survivors. In an open-label study, participants underwent three interventions: standard care (duloxetine) for 1 month (Phase 1), oral cannabidiol (CBD) for 2 months (Phase 2), and CBD plus multi-modal exercise (MME) for another 2 months (Phase 3). Clinical outcomes and gut microbiota composition were assessed at baseline and after each phase.

Antimicrobial activity of ion-substituted calcium phosphates: A systematic review.

In this systematic review, the antimicrobial effect of ion-substituted calcium phosphate biomaterials was quantitatively assessed. The literature was systematically searched up to the 6th of December 2021. Study selection and data extraction was performed in duplo by two independent reviewers with a modified version of the OHAT tool for risk of bias assessment.

Site-specific differences in osteoblast phenotype, mechanical loading response and estrogen receptor-related gene expression.

The osteoporosis-resistant nature of skull bones implies inherent differences exist between their cellular responses and those of other osteoporosis-susceptible skeletal sites. Phenotypic differences in calvarial and femoral osteoblastic responses to induction of osteogenesis, mechanical loading, estrogen, growth factor and cytokine stimulation were investigated. Primary rat calvarial and femoral adult male osteoblasts were cultured and osteoblastic mineralisation and maturation determined using Alizarin Red staining and expression of osteogenic marker genes assessed.

Chitosan functionalized poly-ε-caprolactone electrospun fibers and 3D printed scaffolds as antibacterial materials for tissue engineering applications.

Tissue engineering (TE) approaches often employ polymer-based scaffolds to provide support with a view to the improved regeneration of damaged tissues. The aim of this research was to develop a surface modification method for introducing chitosan as an antibacterial agent in both electrospun membranes and 3D printed poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) scaffolds. The scaffolds were functionalized by grafting methacrylic acid N-hydroxysuccinimide ester (NHSMA) onto the surface after Ar-plasma/air activation.

The role of new zinc incorporated monetite cements on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.

β-Tricalcium phosphate particles were sintered in the presence of different amounts (0-0.72mol) of zinc oxide (ZnO) to prepare zinc doped β-TCP (Znβ-TCP) particles for further use in novel monetite (DCPA: CaHPO) zinc incorporated bone cements with osteogenic differentiation potential towards human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). XRD analysis of zinc incorporated cements prepared with β-TCP reagent particles doped with different amount of ZnO (i.

Effects of Composites Containing Bioactive Glasses on Demineralized Dentin.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the degradation of completely demineralized dentin specimens in contact with a filler-free or 2 ion-releasing resins containing micrometer-sized particles of Bioglass 45S5 (BAG) or fluoride-containing phosphate-rich bioactive glass (BAG-F). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also used to evaluate the remineralization induced by the experimental ion-releasing resin-based materials. Dentin beams were totally demineralized in HPO (10%) and placed in direct contact with a filler-free (RESIN) or 2 experimental ion-releasing resins (BAG or BAG-F) and immersed in artificial saliva (AS) up to 30 d.

Sprouty 2, an Early Response Gene Regulator of FosB and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Proliferation During Mechanical Loading and Osteogenic Differentiation.

Sprouty 2 (Spry2), an inhibitor of MAP kinase signaling was previously shown by our group to be induced during mechanical loading of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Here, we studied the implication of Spry2 activation during mechanical loading and chemically induced MSC differentiation. Spry 2 expression showed an immediate early response during mechanical loading and chemical induction of osteogenic differentiation and followed the same pattern as osteogenic associated gene FosB and was necessary for the induction of FosB, as Spry 2 knock down also abrogated the upregulation of FosB expression.

Bonding performance of experimental bioactive/biomimetic self-etch adhesives doped with calcium-phosphate fillers and biomimetic analogs of phosphoproteins.

Objectives: This study examined the bonding performance and dentin remineralization potential of an experimental adhesive containing calcium-phosphate (Ca/P) micro-fillers, and self-etching primers doped with phosphoprotein biomimetic analogs (polyacrylic acid-(PAA) and/or sodium trimetaphosphate-(TMP)).

Methods: Experimental self-etching primers doped with biomimetic analogs (PAA and/or TMP), and an adhesive containing Ca(2+), PO4(-3)-releasing micro-fillers (Ca/P) were formulated. Sound human dentin specimens were bonded and cut into sticks after aging (24h or 6 months) under simulated pulpal pressure (20cm H2O), and tested for microtensile bond strength (μTBS).

Di-Calcium Phosphate and Phytosphingosine as an Innovative Acid-Resistant Treatment to Occlude Dentine Tubules.

The present investigation evaluated the ability of an experimental di-calcium phosphate (DCP) desensitising agent used alone or combined with phytosphingosine (PHS) to occlude dentine tubules and resist a citric acid (CA) or artificial saliva (AS) challenge. Three groups of human dentine specimens (DS) were treated with the following: (1) PHS alone, (2) DCP or (3) a combination of PHS and DCP. Dentine hydraulic conductance of DS was evaluated using a digital flow sensor at 6.

Structural changes and biological responsiveness of an injectable and mouldable monetite bone graft generated by a facile synthetic method.

Brushite (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate) and monetite (dicalcium phosphate anhydrous) are of considerable interest in bone augmentation owing to their metastable nature in physiological fluids. The anhydrous form of brushite, namely monetite, has a finer microstructure with higher surface area, strength and bioresorbability, which does not transform to the poorly resorbable hydroxyapatite, thus making it a viable alternative for use as a scaffold for engineering of bone tissue. We recently reported the formation of monetite cements by a simple processing route without the need of hydrothermal treatment by using a high concentration of sodium chloride in the reaction mix of β-tricalcium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate.

In vitro osteoinductive potential of porous monetite for bone tissue engineering.

Tissue engineering-based bone grafts are emerging as a viable alternative treatment modality to repair and regenerate tissues damaged as a result of disease or injury. The choice of the biomaterial component is a critical determinant of the success of the graft or scaffold; essentially, it must induce and allow native tissue integration, and most importantly mimic the hierarchical structure of the native bone. Calcium phosphate bioceramics are widely used in orthopaedics and dentistry applications due to their similarity to bone mineral and their ability to induce a favourable biological response.

Can the hydrophilicity of functional monomers affect chemical interaction?

The number of carbon atoms and/or ester/polyether groups in spacer chains may influence the interaction of functional monomers with calcium and dentin. The present study assessed the chemical interaction and bond strength of 5 standard-synthesized phosphoric-acid ester functional monomers with different spacer chain characteristics, by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), ATR-FTIR, thin-film x-ray diffraction (TF-XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and microtensile bond strength (μTBS). The tested functional monomers were 2-MEP (two-carbon spacer chain), 10-MDP (10-carbon), 12-MDDP (12-carbon), MTEP (more hydrophilic polyether spacer chain), and CAP-P (intermediate hydrophilicity ester spacer).

Preparation of multicompartment sub-micron particles using a triple-needle electrohydrodynamic device.

Control over the size and morphology of polymeric carriers for drug delivery systems is essential to optimize their functionality. In the current study, we demonstrate the feasibility of using an electrohydrodynamic process with a triple-needle device to prepare nearly mono-dispersed, spherical, tri-layered sub-micron particles. Three biocompatible polymer solutions of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL) and polymethylsilsesquioxane (PMSQ) were used to prepare particles with three distinct layers.

Gene expression responses to mechanical stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells seeded on calcium phosphate cement.

Introduction: The aim of the study reported here was to investigate the molecular responses of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) to loading with a model that attempts to closely mimic the physiological mechanical loading of bone, using monetite calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffolds to mimic the biomechanical properties of bone and a bioreactor to induce appropriate load and strain.

Methods: Human MSCs were seeded onto CaP scaffolds and subjected to a pulsating compressive force of 5.5±4.

Remineralisation properties of innovative light-curable resin-based dental materials containing bioactive micro-fillers.

Innovative dental restorative materials should be highly bioactive to induce therapeutic effects at the bonding interface during intimate contact with biological fluids. This study aimed at evaluating the remineralisation properties of innovative light-curable resin-based dental materials containing bioactive calcium-phosphosilicates micro-fillers. The apatite formation ability was assessed by ATR-FTIR, XRD, calcium-chelation dye-assisted confocal microscopy (CLSM) and SEM analysis after soaking in SBF.

A novel method of forming micro- and macroporous monetite cements.

Second to autologous bone grafts are the calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) used as synthetic bone substitutes due to their chemical similarity to the mineral component of bone. Their ability to conform to complex bone defects and excellent osteoconductivity also render them excellent scaffolds for bone tissue engineering, although they do have their own limitations. Calcium phosphates can be divided into two main categories, namely apatite and brushite.

Accuracy of CBCT for volumetric measurement of simulated periapical lesions.

Aim: To compare the accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and micro-computed tomography (μCT) when measuring the volume of bone cavities.

Methodology: Ten irregular-shaped cavities of varying dimensions were created in bovine bone specimens using a rotary diamond bur. The samples were then scanned using the Accuitomo 3D CBCT scanner.

Preparation and properties of macroporous brushite bone cements.

In the present work a macroporous brushite bone cement for use either as an injected or mouldable paste, or in the shape of preformed grafts, has been investigated. Macropores have been introduced by adding to the powder single crystals of mannitol which worked as a porogen. The size of the crystals was in the range of 250-500microm in diameter, suitable for cell infiltration, with a shape ratio between 3 and 6.

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the lacrimal sac: a case report.

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the lacrimal sac is an extremely rare presentation of orbital localization of lymphoma. We present a 45-year-old male patient with primary NHL of the lacrimal sac, stage IE, who was treated with surgery and radiotherapy. Fourteen months after the end of radiotherapy the patient is free of disease and does not show any treatment-related toxicity.

Heart rate, alveolar gases and blood lactate during synchronized swimming.

Heart rate, alveolar gas partial pressures and blood lactate (BLa) concentration were measured during synchronized swimming in six subjects. During upside-down breath-holding lasting 50 s, heart rate fell progressively from 98 +/- 14 to 70 +/- 7 beats min-1 (mean +/- S.D.

Force and power of preferred and non-preferred leg in young soccer players.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of soccer training on strength and power of leg extensor muscles in preadolescent boys and their possible influence in developing a muscular lateral dominance. Twenty male children (mean age 9.6 yr), ten soccer players and ten untrained subjects, participated in this study.

Assessment of static balance in children.

The ability in maintaining body balance of 6-, 8-, and 10-year-old children performing three balance tests on a force platform was studied. Thirty adult subjects served as a reference group. The mean radius (MR) of the posturogram and the mean speed (MS) of the center of foot pressure (COP) were used as the measuring parameters.