Characterizing Automatically Maintained Self-Injury With the Aberrant Behavior Checklist.

Multidimensional variables linked to repetitive behavior, hyperactivity, and mood dysregulation are correlated with the prevalence and severity of self-injurious behavior (SIB) in individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine differences in Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) subscales between individuals with socially maintained SIB and automatically maintained SIB (ASIB). Overall, there were not significant differences in ABC subscale elevations between the SIB and ASIB groups.

Diagnostic performance of self-reported knee crepitus using a Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score item.

Objective: To assess the diagnostic performance of a single Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) item in evaluating the presence of knee crepitus.

Design: All 184 participants aged 18-40 years with a symptomatic knee, 9-36 months following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) who were prospectively enrolled in a post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis trial (ACTRN12620001164987) were included. Participants completed the KOOS and underwent physical examination for knee crepitus at baseline.

Derivation and Validation of an Electronic Health Record Penicillin Allergy De-Labeling Prevalence Measure.

With no standard method to capture penicillin allergy de-labeling prevalence across populations, we developed and validated a simple penicillin allergy de-labeling prevalence measure from electronic health records that achieved perfect sensitivity (100.0%), high specificity (99.4%), and strong agreement with a comprehensive algorithm that included free-text manual review (Kappa=0.

Estimating the differences in police and hospital records of people injured in traffic crashes in Dire Dawa City administration, Ethiopia.

The management of road safety relies on data from road traffic crashes to identify priorities, monitor trends and evaluate interventions. Both police and hospital records are important sources of information on crashes that result in injury; however, both are known to be incomplete, with the quality and completeness of data being lower in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study is to estimate the magnitude of the underreporting of crashes in Dire Dawa City, Ethiopia, as a case study that may be applicable elsewhere.

Exploring robotic advances, applications, and challenges in neuroendovascular surgery: A scoping review of the CorPath GRX system.

Background: The integration of robotics into neuroendovascular surgery has the potential to revolutionize the field by enhancing precision, reducing procedure-related risks, and improving patient outcomes. The CorPath GRX system represents a significant advancement in this domain. In this systematically conducted scoping review, we explore the current applications, advances, and challenges associated with robot-assisted neuroendovascular surgery.

Why abortion is healthcare.

This invited commentary provides an in-depth critique and analysis of "Abortion is healthcare: In what sense?" (Martsolf, Tollefsen, and Curlin). We reject the claims put forth in their piece on three distinct grounds. First, the language used throughout the manuscript is imprecise and ableist.

Rates and risk factors for relapse among children recovered from severe acute malnutrition in Mali, South Sudan, and Somalia: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Community-based management of acute malnutrition is an effective treatment model for severe acute malnutrition. However, sparse evidence exists on post-discharge outcomes and the sustainability of recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the risk and determinants of relapse following severe acute malnutrition recovery in high-burden settings.

Psychological interventions for patients with delirium in intensive care: A scoping review protocol.

The objective of this scoping review is to investigate psychological interventions developed, evaluated, and considered for patients with delirium in intensive care units (ICU). Data will be extracted from sources of evidence that address interventions for delirium-related distress and/or cognitive impairments in the adult ICU population, suitable for delivery by or under the supervision of a psychological practitioner. ICU delirium is a common and impactful condition that adversely affects patient outcomes, including prolonged hospitalisation and deteriorating mental health.

Effects of a Physical Activity Intervention on Perceived Stress, Fatigue, and Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis of the LIFE Study.

Background: Engaging in physical activity is critical for maintaining well-being in older adults, particularly those at heightened risk for mobility disability. We assessed the effects of a physical activity (PA) intervention on perceived stress, fatigue, and depressive symptoms compared to a health education (HE) program in older adults with mobility challenges and evaluated differential effects of the interventions among those with the poorest self-rated mental health at baseline.

Methods: Secondary data analysis of the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders (LIFE) Study, a single-blinded, parallel randomized controlled trial conducted between February 2010 and December 2013.

ISLAND Campus: a fee-free formal university educational intervention in mid- to later-life to reduce modifiable risk factors for dementia and improve cognition.

Introduction: Previous research has tended to focus on early-life education for dementia risk reduction, yet there are great gains for building cognitive reserve in mid- to later-life through educational interventions. ISLAND (Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease) Campus offered free university study to all ISLAND participants, with flexible in-person/online learning models to remove educational, socioeconomic and geographical barriers. Here the core hypothesis of ISLAND Campus was investigated: that engagement in later life education leads to improvements in modifiable risk factors for dementia, cognition and blood-based biomarkers.

Bilateral Hemi-Hamate Autograft for Two Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Fracture Dislocations: A Case Report.

A 27-year-old man sustained right ring and little finger proximal interphalangeal joint fracture dislocations. He subsequently underwent bilateral hemi-hamate autograft to treat these intra-articular injuries. The patient was followed periodically and demonstrated return of normal grip strength and radiographic union of the hemi-hamate reconstruction arthroplasties.

Self-Reported Comfort and Use of Tobacco Cessation Interventions by Healthcare Providers.

Background The effects of tobacco use create a significant burden on the American healthcare system. The U.S.

The experiences of parents of children with disabilities receiving healthcare services: Negative emotions and associated situations.

Purpose: To explore the negative emotions expressed by parents of children with disabilities when describing their experiences with pediatric health care.

Methods: Quotes mentioning negative emotional experiences and the situations in which these arose were identified in 13 transcribed focus group conversations involving 65 Canadian parents of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities. Data were analyzed using content analysis.

A systematic review of condition-specific preference-based measures used in young people and their valuation methods.

Background: Condition-specific health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) instruments can be more responsive and sensitive to specific conditions and diseases than generic HRQoL instruments. This systematic review aims to identify the condition-specific preference-based instruments that have been used with young people and identify how preference values have been obtained for these instruments. This review will inform future researchers about the methods used to elicit utilities for condition-specific HRQoL instruments.

Assessment of UK Heavy Goods Vehicle drivers' lifestyle behaviours: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) drivers face difficult working conditions, promoting unhealthy lifestyle behaviours which are associated with an elevated prevalence of long-term health conditions.

Methods: 109 drivers across the UK completed an online survey investigating differences in lifestyle behaviours between drivers with (N = 54) and without obesity (N = 55), including differences on work and non-workdays using an exploratory data analysis approach.

Results: Drivers with obesity (49.

Altered metabolic function induced by Aβ-oligomers and PSEN1 mutations in iPSC-derived astrocytes.

Altered energy metabolism in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a major pathological hallmark implicated in the early stages of the disease process. Astrocytes play a central role in brain homeostasis and are implicated in multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Although numerous studies have investigated global changes in brain metabolism, redox status, gene expression and epigenetic markers in AD, the intricate interplay between different metabolic processes, particularly in astrocytes, remains poorly understood.

Applying an ICD-10 to ICD-11 mapping tool to identify causes of death codes in an Alberta dataset.

Background: The most recent and 11th revision of the International Classification of Disease (ICD-11) is in use as of January 2022, and countries around the globe are now preparing for the implementation of ICD-11 and transition from the 10th revision (ICD-10). Translation of current coding is required for historical comparisons.

Methods: We applied the World Health Organization (WHO) mapping tables to current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Lists of ICD-10 coding of underlying causes of death to assess what ICD-11 codes look like in an Alberta sample of causes of death (COD).

Screening for undiagnosed atrial fibrillation using an electronic health record‒based clinical prediction model: clinical pilot implementation initiative.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major risk factor for ischemic stroke, and early AF diagnosis may reduce associated morbidity and mortality. A 10-variable predictive model (UNAFIED) was previously developed to estimate patients' 2-year AF risk. This study evaluated a clinical workflow incorporating UNAFIED for screening, education, and follow-up evaluation of patients visiting a cardiology clinic who may be at an elevated risk of developing AF within 2 years.

Hierarchical design of pseudosymmetric protein nanocages.

Discrete protein assemblies ranging from hundreds of kilodaltons to hundreds of megadaltons in size are a ubiquitous feature of biological systems and perform highly specialized functions. Despite remarkable recent progress in accurately designing new self-assembling proteins, the size and complexity of these assemblies has been limited by a reliance on strict symmetry. Here, inspired by the pseudosymmetry observed in bacterial microcompartments and viral capsids, we developed a hierarchical computational method for designing large pseudosymmetric self-assembling protein nanomaterials.

Improving the rehabilitation of individuals admitted to England's National Spinal Injuries Centre with traumatic brain injury.

Study Design: Mixed methods service improvement project. Retrospective analysis of clinical documentation and qualitative focus group with clinicians.

Objectives: Although traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI) often co-occur, many barriers have been found to identifying TBI in SCI rehabilitation and adapting treatment accordingly.

Cutaneous sarcoidosis: clinical and pathologic features, molecular pathogenesis, and treatment.

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disorder that most commonly affects the lungs, lymphatic system, eyes, and skin. Cutaneous involvement is present in approximately 20-30% of patients. Prednisone and corticotropin repositories are the only FDA-approved therapies for sarcoidosis.