Dental trauma in endoscopy: A systematic review and experience of a tertiary endoscopy centre.

Background: Dental injury is the leading cause of litigation in anaesthesia but an underrecognized preventable complication of endoscopy.

Aim: To determine frequency and effects of dental injury in endoscopy, we present findings from an audit of outpatient endoscopy procedures conducted at a tertiary university hospital and a systematic review of literature.

Methods: Retrospective review of 11265 outpatient upper endoscopy procedures over the period of 1 June 2019 to 31 May 2021 identified dental related complications in 0.

Comparing artificial intelligence to humans for endoscopic diagnosis of gastric neoplasia: An external validation study.

Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) uses deep learning functionalities that may enhance the detection of early gastric cancer during endoscopy. An AI-based endoscopic system for upper endoscopy was recently developed in Japan. We aim to validate this AI-based system in a Singaporean cohort.

Real-World Validation of a Computer-Aided Diagnosis System for Prediction of Polyp Histology in Colonoscopy: A Prospective Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) of polyp histology could support endoscopists in clinical decision-making. However, this has not been validated in a real-world setting.

Methods: We performed a prospective, multicenter study comparing CADx and endoscopist predictions of polyp histology in real-time colonoscopy.

Academy of Medicine, Singapore clinical guideline on endoscopic surveillance and management of gastric premalignant lesions.

Gastric cancer (GC) has a good prognosis, if detected at an early stage. The intestinal subtype of GC follows a stepwise progression to carcinoma, which is treatable with early detection and intervention using high-quality endoscopy. Premalignant lesions and gastric epithelial polyps are commonly encountered in clinical practice.

Academy of Medicine, Singapore clinical guideline on the use of sedation by non-anaesthesiologists during gastrointestinal endoscopy in the hospital setting.

Introduction: In Singapore, non-anaesthesiologists generally administer sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopy. The drugs used for sedation in hospital endoscopy centres now include propofol in addition to benzodiazepines and opiates. The requirements for peri-procedural monitoring and discharge protocols have also evolved.

The effectiveness of the Safety in Interventional Radiology (SIR) Shield in reducing droplet transmission and its effect on image quality and radiation dose.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a barrier shield in reducing droplet transmission and its effect on image quality and radiation dose in an interventional suite.

Methods: A human cough droplet visualisation model in a supine position was developed to assess efficacy of barrier shield in reducing environmental contamination. Its effect on image quality (resolution and contrast) was evaluated via image quality test phantom.

Non-obese non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in Asia: an international registry study.

Background: A significant proportion of the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) population is non-obese. Prior studies reporting the severity of NAFLD amongst non-obese patients were heterogenous. Our study, using data from the largest biopsy-proven NAFLD international registry within Asia, aims to characterize the demographic, metabolic and histological differences between non-obese and obese NAFLD patients.

Review of the role of gastrointestinal multiplex polymerase chain reaction in the management of diarrheal illness.

Acute and chronic diarrheal illness secondary to gastrointestinal infection is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. A cornerstone of management includes prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment of culprit pathogens. Timely diagnosis can improve patient care, assist in infection control, and prevent disease outbreaks.

Severity of gastric intestinal metaplasia predicts the risk of gastric cancer: a prospective multicentre cohort study (GCEP).

Objective: To investigate the incidence of gastric cancer (GC) attributed to gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM), and validate the Operative Link on Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia (OLGIM) for targeted endoscopic surveillance in regions with low-intermediate incidence of GC.

Methods: A prospective, longitudinal and multicentre study was carried out in Singapore. The study participants comprised 2980 patients undergoing screening gastroscopy with standardised gastric mucosal sampling, from January 2004 and December 2010, with scheduled surveillance endoscopies at year 3 and 5.

Endoscopy training in COVID-19: Challenges and hope for a better age.

The COVID-19 pandemic is a unique challenge that has disrupted endoscopy training. Initial infection control measures aimed at protecting patients and staff meant nonessential endoscopic activity was suspended in many countries. The decrease in elective caseload from the pandemic also reduced training numbers during this period.

Validation of genetic variants associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in an ethnic Chinese population.

Background: Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Aim: To study the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), previously identified in Western populations, with the risk of MAFLD in a Singapore Chinese population and their interactions with environmental and medical risk factors.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted with 72 MAFLD cases and 72 controls with no hepatic steatosis on computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or controlled attenuation parameter score.

Burnout and work-related stressors in gastroenterology: a protocol for a multinational observational study in the ASEAN region.

Background: Clinician burnout is an important occupational hazard that may be exacerbated by the novel COVID-19 pandemic. Within Southeast Asia, burnout in gastroenterology is understudied. The primary objective of this study is to estimate the prevalence of burnout symptoms within gastroenterology, in member states of the Associations of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Opportunistic upper endoscopy during colonoscopy as a screening strategy for countries with intermediate gastric cancer risk.

Background And Aim: Screening upper endoscopy can detect esophagogastric (OG) cancers early with improved outcomes. Recent cost-utility studies suggest that opportunistic upper endoscopy at the same setting of colonoscopy might be a useful strategy for screening of OG cancers, and it may be more acceptable to the patients due to cost-saving and convenience. We aim to study the diagnostic performance of this screening strategy in a country with intermediate gastric cancer risk.

Endoscopy during COVID-19 pandemic: An overview of infection control measures and practical application.

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which has affected more than 4.5 million people in 213 countries, and has been declared a pandemic by World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has been reported to occur primarily through direct contact or droplets.

Defining the endoscopic ultrasound features of chronic pancreatitis in Asians: a multicenter validation study.

Background: Although endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) features and criteria have been described in chronic pancreatitis, challenges remain with interoperator variability and ease of adoption. The aim of this study was to define and validate the EUS features of chronic pancreatitis in a multicenter prospective study in Asia.

Method: The study was divided into two parts: the first part was conducted to derive the EUS features of chronic pancreatitis with adequate interoperator agreement; the second was to prospectively evaluate these features in a multicenter cross-sectional study and determine the optimal combination of features for the diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis.

Strategies to Improve Persistent Adherence in Colorectal Cancer Screening.

Colorectal cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and screening has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality. This review highlights pertinent aspects of adherence to screening including the various options available and key concepts to consider in any systematic program. Persistent adherence, which is key to an efficacious screening program, is the compliance with repeated screening tests over a period of time.