Nitric oxide-dependent human acrosomal loss induced by PPCM (SAMMA) and by nitric oxide donors occurs by independent pathways: basis for synthesis of an improved contraceptive microbicide.

PPCM (previously designated sulfuric acid-modified mandelic acid [SAMMA]) is a contraceptive microbicide in preclinical development. Its contraceptive activity is attributable in part to its ability to promote premature acrosomal loss. Prior studies showed that PPCM-induced human acrosomal loss (PAL) is Ca(2+)-dependent.

Two novel vaginal microbicides (polystyrene sulfonate and cellulose sulfate) inhibit Gardnerella vaginalis and anaerobes commonly associated with bacterial vaginosis.

This is the first report demonstrating the in vitro inhibitory activity of two novel microbicides (cellulose sulfate and polystyrene sulfonate) against bacterial vaginosis (BV)-associated bacteria. Vaginal application of these microbicides not only may reduce the risk of acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infection-causing organisms but may also decrease the incidence of BV.

Preclinical evaluation of sodium cellulose sulfate (Ushercell) as a contraceptive antimicrobial agent.

The spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and limited methods for control of pregnancies presents high risks to the reproductive health of women. Methods controlled by women and directed toward disease prevention and contraception are needed. We report on preclinical studies of the biological properties of sodium cellulose sulfate (Ushercell) currently being developed for use as a topical contraceptive antimicrobial agent.