Seasonal activity of spotted lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), in Southeast Pennsylvania.

The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White, 1845), is an invasive species in the United States. This pest causes damage to vineyards and has the potential to negatively affect other crops and industries. Information describing the seasonal timing of life stages can improve its management.

Efficacy and nontarget effects of broadcast treatments to manage spotted lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) nymphs.

Management to control the spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White), would ideally achieve managers' goals while limiting impacts on nontarget organisms. In a large-scale field study with 45 plots at least 711 m2, we tested foliar applications of dinotefuran and 2 formulations of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, each applied from the ground and separately by helicopter. Applications targeted early instar nymphs.

HPV and molecular mimicry in systemic lupus erythematosus and an impact of compiling B-cell epitopes and MHC-class II binding profiles with evidence.

Epidemiological link between HPV and SLE is evolving. The possibility of HPV infection-induced molecular mimicry and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was elucidated through detailed analyses. Conserved regions in the structural protein sequences of high-risk HPV types were inferred, and sequence homologies between viral and human peptides were identified to delineate proteins implicated in SLE.

Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Nymphal Dispersion Patterns and Their Influence on Field Experiments.

The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) (White, 1845), is an invasive pest in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Understanding this pest's dispersion patterns is fundamental for development of management and surveillance programs. To address this knowledge gap, we quantified spotted lanternfly nymph dispersion patterns by instar for rural and urban/suburban habitats, and we compared the number of sample units required for sticky traps and in situ visual counts to estimate population densities at several precisions.

Spatio-Temporal Model for Predicting Spring Hatch of the Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae).

The effect of temperature on the rate of spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White) (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), egg development was investigated for a population in Pennsylvania. Mean developmental duration (days ± SE) for egg hatch was evaluated at five constant temperatures of 19.9, 24.

Dispersion Patterns and Sample Size Estimates for Egg Masses of Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae).

The spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White), is a new invasive pest in the United States. To quantify spotted lanternfly population abundance, one must understand this pest's dispersion pattern, that is, the spatial arrangement of individuals within a population. Spotted lanternflies overwinter in egg masses from late fall to May, making this life stage suitable for population assessments.

Fidelity and Timing of Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Attack Patterns on Ornamental Trees in the Suburban Landscape.

Invasive herbivores can have dramatic impacts in new environments by altering landscape composition, displacing natives, and causing plant decline and mortality. One of the most recent invasive insects in the United States, the spotted lanternfly (Lycorma delicatula), has the potential to cause substantial economic and environmental impacts in agriculture and forestry. Spotted lanternfly exhibits a broad host range, yet reports of late-season movement from the surrounding landscapes onto select tree species in suburban environments have been reported.

A Method for a Long-Term Marking of Spotted Lanternfly (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae) Using a Stable Isotope of Nitrogen.

Developing a lifelong marking method for Lycorma delicatula (White, 1845) is crucial to investigate ecological processes. Here we validate a marking method using stable isotope enrichment (15N) of host plants to track spotted lanternfly (SLF), an invasive species causing economic damage on grapes, hardwood forest and landscape tree species. To validate this method, we first determined the isotope dosage to be sprayed on the host plants and subsequently detected in SLF.

Illness Perceptions of African-Americans with Chronic Kidney Disease.

African-Americans have the highest rates of chronic kidney disease due to type 2 diabetes (T2DM-CKD) and of progression to end-stage renal disease. The purpose of this study was to describe African-American's perceptions of T2DM-CKD: specifically, perceptions of cause, risk, severity, self-management of T2DM-CKD before and after diagnosis, and overall effect on their lives. Informed by the Common Sense Model of Illness, a cross-sectional qualitative study using purposive sampling was conducted.

Combined diabetes-renal multifactorial intervention in patients with advanced diabetic nephropathy: Proof-of-concept.

Aims: To evaluate efficacy of a multifactorial-multidisciplinary approach in delaying CKD 3-4 progression to ESRD.

Methods: Two-year proof-of-concept stratified randomized control trial conducted in an outpatient clinic of a large public hospital system. This intervention, led by a team of endocrinologists, nephrologists, nurse practitioners, and registered dietitians, integrated intensive diabetes-renal care with behavioral/dietary and pharmacological interventions.

Understanding Experiences of Diabetes Medications Among African Americans Living With Type 2 Diabetes.

African American (AA) adults are disproportionally affected by type 2 diabetes and are diagnosed at an earlier age, but are less adherent to diabetes medications compared with the general population. This qualitative study sought to describe the experiences of taking diabetes medications among midlife AA men and women with type 2 diabetes and to identify factors that influence these experiences. Fifteen AAs completed semistructured interviews.

Diabetes and Hearing Loss Among Underserved Populations.

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) disproportionately affects the underserved population, and has been identified as the major risk factor for many microvascular diseases. T2DM also affects the vasculature and neural system of the inner ear, often leading to hearing loss, a major risk factor for falls, depression, and other health problems. This article aims to: increase awareness of the association between T2DM and hearing loss; promote screening for hearing loss; discuss available resources and assistive devices for those with hearing loss; and encourage nurses to take an active role in advocating for assessment and treatment of hearing loss in T2DM patients.

African Americans' perception of risk for diabetes complications.

Purpose: The purpose of this exploratory, descriptive, correlational study was to describe the perceived risk for diabetes complications among urban African American adults (18-75 years old) with type 2 diabetes and to explore the interrelationships among illness perception, well-being, perceptions of risk for diabetes complications, and selected physiologic measures of diabetes risk: hemoglobin A1C, blood pressure, and microalbuminuria.

Methods: Urban African American adults with type 2 diabetes (N = 143) were recruited from 3 Chicago city public health clinics. They completed a demographic survey and 3 instruments: the Risk Perception Survey-Diabetes Mellitus, the 12-item Well-being Questionnaire, and the Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire.

Can a specialist parasitoid, Macrocentrus cingulum (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), influence the ecotype structure of its preferred host Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)?

Synchronization between a parasitoid and its preferred host is an essential strategy for successful biological control. Two ecotypes of Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in North America are distinguished by their voltinism. In this study, the differential impact of a specialist parasitoid, Macrocentrus cingulum Brischke (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), on the univoltine and multivoltine populations of O.

A gene expression model of intrinsic tumor radiosensitivity: prediction of response and prognosis after chemoradiation.

Purpose: Development of a radiosensitivity predictive assay is a central goal of radiation oncology. We reasoned a gene expression model could be developed to predict intrinsic radiosensitivity and treatment response in patients.

Methods And Materials: Radiosensitivity (determined by survival fraction at 2 Gy) was modeled as a function of gene expression, tissue of origin, ras status (mut/wt), and p53 status (mut/wt) in 48 human cancer cell lines.

Use of spectral vegetation indices derived from airborne hyperspectral imagery for detection of European corn borer infestation in Iowa corn plots.

Eleven spectral vegetation indices that emphasize foliar plant pigments were calculated using airborne hyperspectral imagery and evaluated in 2004 and 2005 for their ability to detect experimental plots of corn manually inoculated with Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) neonate larvae. Manual inoculations were timed to simulate infestation of corn, Zea mays L., by first and second flights of adult O.

Influence of plant severing on movement of Ostrinia nubilalis larvae in Zea mays hybrid seed production fields.

Genetically engineered corn hybrids that contain a cry gene from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) are gaining popularity for controlling the corn pest Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner). Continuous use of Bt corn, however, could select for O. nubilalis that are resistant to this corn.

Microvessel density >or=60 does not predict for outcome after radiation treatment for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: results of a correlative study from the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 90-03 Trial.

Objectives: To assess whether microvessel density (MVD), an immunohistochemical marker for tumor vascularity, predicts for radiotherapy (RT) outcome in locally advanced HNSCC patients.

Methods: A total of 459 patients, enrolled on the RTOG 90-03 trial, had biopsy specimens submitted, and a value for MVD determined, prior to definitive RT. 450 patients were analyzable for this study.

Azetidine-based inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV).

The structure-activity relationships of azetidine-based DPP IV inhibitors will be discussed in detail in the following review. The azetidine-based DPP IV inhibitors can be divided into three main subtypes, the 2-cyanoazetidines, 3-fluoroazetidines and 2-ketoazetidines. These subtypes have been explored and structure-activity relationships have been established by several groups.

Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (NAALADase) inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy.

GCP II inhibition decreases extracellular excitotoxic glutamate and increases extracellular NAAG, both of which provide neuroprotection. We have demonstrated with our potent and selective GCP II inhibitors efficacy in models of stroke, ALS and neuropathic pain. GCP II inhibition may have significant potential benefits over existing glutamate-based neuroprotection strategies.

Clinical patterns of metastasis.

In human solid cancer, lymph node status is the most important indicator for clinical outcome. Recent developments in the sentinel lymph node concept and technology have resulted in a more precise way of examining micrometastasis in the sentinel lymph node and the role of lymphovascular system in the facilitation of cancer metastasis. Different patterns of metastasis are described with respect to different types of solid cancer.

Tufted apple bud moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) management model for processing apples based on early season pheromone trap capture.

Sixteen years of archived tufted apple bud moth, Platynota idaeusalis (Walker), trap capture data were compared with archived fruit injury data collected at the Penn State University Fruit Research and Extension Center to define the relationship of trap capture to fruit injury. Pheromone trap capture until 15 June was the best predictor of fruit injury at harvest. Using the regression equation of fruit injury on early season trap capture, and other assumptions about insecticide cost and fruit yield, a management model was developed for apple growers in the Mid-Atlantic region.